考虑航速的集装箱班轮航线配船优化研究
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摘要
在班轮航线经营中,航速的大小会影响燃油成本和配船数量.针对近年来持续低迷的航运市场背景,将航速作为变量构建营运成本最小的班轮航线配船模型,并考虑航速降低带来的时间惩罚成本.利用LINGO软件求解航线上船舶的配置数量、闲置数量,以及运营船舶的航速,算例分析表明,在市场低迷时适当的降低航速不仅可以降低船队成本还可以吸纳更多的闲置运力,从而验证了班轮调整航速的合理性和模型的有效性.
In the operation of liner routes, the speed will affect the cost of fuel and the number of ships to be dispatched. In view of the continuous downturn in the shipping market in recent years, this paper takes speed as a variable to construct a liner route allocation model with the lowest operating cost, and takes into account the time penalty cost caused by speed reduction. The LINGO software was used to calculate the number of ships deployed on the route, the number of ships idle and the speed of the operating ships. The results of the example analysis show that when the market is in the doldrums, reducing the speed appropriately can not only reduce the fleet cost but also absorb more idle capacity, which verifies the rationality of liner speed adjustment and the effectiveness of the model.
In the operation of liner routes, the speed will affect the cost of fuel and the number of ships to be dispatched. In view of the continuous downturn in the shipping market in recent years, this paper takes speed as a variable to construct a liner route allocation model with the lowest operating cost, and takes into account the time penalty cost caused by speed reduction. The LINGO software was used to calculate the number of ships deployed on the route, the number of ships idle and the speed of the operating ships. The results of the example analysis show that when the market is in the doldrums, reducing the speed appropriately can not only reduce the fleet cost but also absorb more idle capacity, which verifies the rationality of liner speed adjustment and the effectiveness of the model.
引文
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[2] RONEN D. The effect of oil price on containership speed and fleet size [J]. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2011,62(1):211-216.
[3] 靳志宏,李娜,陈梦.基于航运周期的班轮航线运力配置优化[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2012(2):219-222.
[4] 杨忠振,郭利泉,董夏丹.不同市场环境下的班轮航线配船与航速优化[J].中国航海,2015(4):110-115.
[5] 杨秋平,谢新连,裴光石.考虑船舶航速的船队规划非线性模型[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011(10):119-126.
[6] MENG Q, WANG S. Optimal operating strategy for a long-hual liner service route[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2011(1):105-114.
[7] PSARAFTIS H N, KONTOVAS C A. Ship speed optimization: concepts, models and combined speed-routing scenarios[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies,2014,44:52-69.
[8] SHENG X, CHEW E P, LEE L H. Policy model for liner shipping refueling and sailing speed optimization problem[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,2015,76:76-92.
[9] YAO Z S, HUI S N, LEE L H. A study on bunker fuel management for the shipping liner services[J]. Computer & Operations Research,2012(3):1160-1172.
[2] RONEN D. The effect of oil price on containership speed and fleet size [J]. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2011,62(1):211-216.
[3] 靳志宏,李娜,陈梦.基于航运周期的班轮航线运力配置优化[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2012(2):219-222.
[4] 杨忠振,郭利泉,董夏丹.不同市场环境下的班轮航线配船与航速优化[J].中国航海,2015(4):110-115.
[5] 杨秋平,谢新连,裴光石.考虑船舶航速的船队规划非线性模型[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011(10):119-126.
[6] MENG Q, WANG S. Optimal operating strategy for a long-hual liner service route[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2011(1):105-114.
[7] PSARAFTIS H N, KONTOVAS C A. Ship speed optimization: concepts, models and combined speed-routing scenarios[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies,2014,44:52-69.
[8] SHENG X, CHEW E P, LEE L H. Policy model for liner shipping refueling and sailing speed optimization problem[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,2015,76:76-92.
[9] YAO Z S, HUI S N, LEE L H. A study on bunker fuel management for the shipping liner services[J]. Computer & Operations Research,2012(3):1160-1172.