兰州市园林主要适生观赏树种选择及综合指标数量化评价
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摘要
根据兰州城市建设实际和园林绿地树种应用现状,运用层次分析法,从生态适应性、观赏性及栽培管护特性3个方面,确定了兰州市园林主要适生观赏树种选择评价指标体系,分别选择耐旱性、耐寒性、抗病虫害能力、花的特色、叶的特色和树形特色,以及耐修剪性、管护难易性和萌糵情况9项指标因素,对兰州市常见的110种乡土及园林绿化植物进行综合指标数量化评价。结果表明,在准则层的3大类因子的权重排序中,生态适应性B_1(0.480 040 27)>观赏性B_2(0.416 761 57)>栽培管护特性B_3(0.103 198 1);在指标层的权重排序中,耐旱性C_1>耐寒性C_2>叶的特色C_5>花的特色C_4>树形特色C_6>抗病虫害能力C_3>管护难易性C_8>耐修剪性C_7>萌蘖情况C_9。综合评价中I级树种34种,Ⅱ级树种41种,Ⅲ级树种25种,Ⅳ级树种10种,最终筛选出100种得分在1.80以上适宜在兰州地区推广的适生观赏树种,为兰州市适生园林树种选择提供参考依据。
According to the urban construction practice of Lanzhou City and the application status of tree species in green land,the evaluation index system of the main ornamental tree species selection in Lanzhou City was determined by using the principle of AHP from three aspects,i.e.,ecological adaptability,ornamental value and cultivation and protection characteristics.Nine indicators were chosen to evaluate the comprehensive index quantifications for the 110 kinds of native plants in Lanzhou,such as drought resistance,cold resistance,disease-resistant ability,flower features,leaf features,characteristics of the tree,cutting resistance,the management and budding condition The results indicated that the order of 3 categories of factors in the weight was the ecological adaptability B_1(0.480 040 27)> ornamental value B_2(0.416 761 57)> cultivation and protection characteristics B_3(0.103 198 1) in the criterion layer.In the index layer,drought resistance C_1> cold resistance C_2> leaf features C_5> flower features C_4> tree features C_6> insect resistance C_3> the management C_8> cutting resistance C_7> budding condition C_9.The comprehensive evaluation involved 34 species of trees of grade I,41 of gradeⅡ,25 of grade Ⅲ,and 10 of grade Ⅳ,eventually,100 ornamental species suitable for Lanzhou was selected,which offered options of garden tree species as references.
According to the urban construction practice of Lanzhou City and the application status of tree species in green land,the evaluation index system of the main ornamental tree species selection in Lanzhou City was determined by using the principle of AHP from three aspects,i.e.,ecological adaptability,ornamental value and cultivation and protection characteristics.Nine indicators were chosen to evaluate the comprehensive index quantifications for the 110 kinds of native plants in Lanzhou,such as drought resistance,cold resistance,disease-resistant ability,flower features,leaf features,characteristics of the tree,cutting resistance,the management and budding condition The results indicated that the order of 3 categories of factors in the weight was the ecological adaptability B_1(0.480 040 27)> ornamental value B_2(0.416 761 57)> cultivation and protection characteristics B_3(0.103 198 1) in the criterion layer.In the index layer,drought resistance C_1> cold resistance C_2> leaf features C_5> flower features C_4> tree features C_6> insect resistance C_3> the management C_8> cutting resistance C_7> budding condition C_9.The comprehensive evaluation involved 34 species of trees of grade I,41 of gradeⅡ,25 of grade Ⅲ,and 10 of grade Ⅳ,eventually,100 ornamental species suitable for Lanzhou was selected,which offered options of garden tree species as references.
引文
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[18] 姚泽,王辉,王祺.层次分析法在城市园林绿化树种选择中的运用——以武威市为例[J].甘肃林业科技,2007,32(3):16-20.YAO Z,WANG H,WANG Q.Analytic hierarchy process in city botanical garden afforestation tree seed choice operation research—taking Wuwei City as a case study[J].Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology,2007,32(3):16-20.(in Chinese)
[19] 唐小清,李许文,张莎,等.广州市生态景观林带建设树种筛选评价[J].中国园林,2015(3):76-80.TANG X Q,LI X W,ZHANG S,et al.Screening and evaluation of plants for ecological landscape forest belt construction in Guangzhou[J].Chinese Landscape Architecture,2015(3):76-80.(in Chinese)
[20] 罗贵斌.汉中市中心城区常绿行道树综合评价[J].西北林学院学报,20l6,31(2):302-308.LUO G B.Comprehensive evaluation of the evergreen street trees planted in the downtown of Hanzhong City[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,20l6,31(2):302-308.(in Chinese)
[2] 兰州市规划局.兰州市总体规划(2011-2020)[G].四版,2002.
[3] 住房和城乡建设部.城市绿地分类标准 (CJJ/T 85-2002) [S].2002.
[4] 住房和城乡建设部.城市园林绿化评价标准实用手册[K].2010.
[5] 杨赉丽.城市园林绿地规划[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
[6] 张佳佳,白新祥,谢伟,等.层次分析法在贵阳市行道树选择评价中的应用[J].山地农业生物学报,2014,33(2):027-032.ZHANG J J,BAI X X,XIE W,et al.The Application of analytic hierarcy process street tree selection and evaluation in Guiyang City[J].Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,2014,33(2):027-032.(in Chinese)
[7] 辛红兵.河西走廊园林绿化树种选择及综合性能数量化评价[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(6):773-778.XING H B.Syntheticalcapability quantification and selection of gardening trees in Hexi of Gansu Province[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(6):773-778.(in Chinese)
[8] 周满宏.兰州市园林树种综合评价分级选择[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2004.
[9] 张忠根.应风其.农业可持续发展评估——理论、方法与应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[10] 唐五湘,程桂枝.Excel在管理决策中的应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[11] 蒋文伟,向其柏.层次分析法在干旱区园林树木评选中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报,2000,24(6):63-67.JIANG W W,XIANG Q B.Application of analytic hierarchy process to evaluation and selection of garden trees in arid regions[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University,2000,24(6):63-67.(in Chinese)
[12] 鲁敏,张月华.沈阳城市绿化植物综合评价分级选择[J].中国园林,2003,19(7):66-69.LU M,ZHANG Y H.Comprehensive evaluation,selection and graduation of the trees for urban landscaping in Shenyang[J].Chinese Landscape Architecture,2003,19(7):66-69.(in Chinese)
[13] 童丽丽,吴祝慧,王哲宇,等.层次分析法与熵技术评价在南京城市绿化生态树种选择中的应用[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(9):58-61.TONG L L,WU Z H,WANG Z Y,et al.Application of entropy technology and AHP to comprehensive evaluation and selection of urban afforestation trees in Nanjing City[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2010,38(9):58-61.(in Chinese)
[14] 陈芳洲,董丽.基于AHP法的西安市9个公园绿地冬季植物景观评价[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(5):258-261.CHEN F Z,DONG L.Evaluation of plantscape [H3]in winter by AHP method in Xi’an[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(5):258-261(in Chinese)
[15] 周景斌,韩东锋,王彦平.杨凌主城区行道树健康评价与分析[J].西北林学院学报学报,2015,30(2):278-282.ZHOU J B,HAN D F,WANG Y P.Health assessment and analysis for street trees in Yangling[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(2):278-282(in Chinese)
[16] 卓丽环,陈龙清.园林树木学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:46.
[17] 刘杰,杨恒友,孙双君.层次分析法在城镇行道树选择评价中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(6):3257-3258.LIU J,YANG H Y,SUN S J.Application of analytic hierarchy process in evaluation of the selection of urban street[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(6):3257-3258.(in Chinese)
[18] 姚泽,王辉,王祺.层次分析法在城市园林绿化树种选择中的运用——以武威市为例[J].甘肃林业科技,2007,32(3):16-20.YAO Z,WANG H,WANG Q.Analytic hierarchy process in city botanical garden afforestation tree seed choice operation research—taking Wuwei City as a case study[J].Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology,2007,32(3):16-20.(in Chinese)
[19] 唐小清,李许文,张莎,等.广州市生态景观林带建设树种筛选评价[J].中国园林,2015(3):76-80.TANG X Q,LI X W,ZHANG S,et al.Screening and evaluation of plants for ecological landscape forest belt construction in Guangzhou[J].Chinese Landscape Architecture,2015(3):76-80.(in Chinese)
[20] 罗贵斌.汉中市中心城区常绿行道树综合评价[J].西北林学院学报,20l6,31(2):302-308.LUO G B.Comprehensive evaluation of the evergreen street trees planted in the downtown of Hanzhong City[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,20l6,31(2):302-308.(in Chinese)