基于图像识别技术研究不同海区三疣梭子蟹甲壳白色斑纹特征及蜕壳前后斑纹特征的变化
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摘要
为进行三疣梭子蟹外观特征的研究,本研究通过计算机视觉技术建立三疣梭子蟹背部白色斑纹评估方法,经人工对比验证其准确性达100%。在此基础上,对来自海域的30只三疣梭子蟹[平均体质量(2.8±0.56)g]进行跟踪观察,发现蜕壳前后白色斑纹数量和位置保持不变,而白色斑纹面积和斑纹区域面积则会随着蜕壳后蟹壳面积的增加而扩大;蜕壳后,白色斑纹面积增加89.33%±8.61%,斑纹区域面积增加90.51%±7.95%,蟹壳面积增加94.66%±8.26%,均显著正相关。为进一步研究不同海区梭子蟹白色斑纹分布特征,对来自朝鲜、中国辽宁和浙江等不同海区的三疣梭子蟹进行白色斑纹个数(N)、白色斑纹面积(S1)、斑纹区域面积(S2)、白色斑纹面积百分比(R1)、斑纹区域面积百分比(R2)和密度(D)等6项参数分析,结果发现,不同海区三疣梭子蟹斑纹性状存在显著特点,朝鲜海区呈现斑纹小、分布面积少、占蟹壳总面积比例低的特点;辽宁海区呈现斑纹小、分布面积多、占蟹壳总面积比例高的特点;浙江海区呈现斑纹大、分布面积少、占蟹壳总面积比例低的特点。本研究将计算机视觉技术应用于水产养殖研究,通过建立评估参数阐明三疣梭子蟹白色斑纹的生长规律,揭示了不同群体的三疣梭子蟹白色斑纹具有地理多样性的特征。
To study the morphological characteristics of white spots in the carapace of Portunus trituberculatus, a computer vision-based recognition method was developed in this paper with an accuracy of 100%. The molting process of thirty crabs from sea area[ body weight(2.8±0.56) g] was tracked to investigate the growth changes of white spots in the carapace of P. trituberculatus. Results showed that the number and relative positions of white spots had no significant changes after molting, however, the white spot area and its distribution area grew with the carapace. After molting, the white spot area increased by 89.33%±8.61%, the distribution area increased by90.51%±7.95%, and the carapace area increased by 94.66%±8.26%. P. trituberculatus from North Korea, Liaoning and Zhejiang were collected to compare six parameters related to white spots trait in the carapace, and results showed significant geographical differences. The white spot traits of North Korea had the features of small spots,small distribution area and accounted for a low proportion of the carapace area. The traits of Liaoning had the features of small spots, larger distribution area and accounted for a high proportion of the carapace area. While the traits of Zhejiang had the features of big spots, small distribution area and accounted for a low proportion of the carapace area. This study developed the recognition method based on computer vision for white spots in the carapace of P. trituberculatus, and illustrated the growth features of this trait, and revealed significant geographical differences among three populations.
To study the morphological characteristics of white spots in the carapace of Portunus trituberculatus, a computer vision-based recognition method was developed in this paper with an accuracy of 100%. The molting process of thirty crabs from sea area[ body weight(2.8±0.56) g] was tracked to investigate the growth changes of white spots in the carapace of P. trituberculatus. Results showed that the number and relative positions of white spots had no significant changes after molting, however, the white spot area and its distribution area grew with the carapace. After molting, the white spot area increased by 89.33%±8.61%, the distribution area increased by90.51%±7.95%, and the carapace area increased by 94.66%±8.26%. P. trituberculatus from North Korea, Liaoning and Zhejiang were collected to compare six parameters related to white spots trait in the carapace, and results showed significant geographical differences. The white spot traits of North Korea had the features of small spots,small distribution area and accounted for a low proportion of the carapace area. The traits of Liaoning had the features of small spots, larger distribution area and accounted for a high proportion of the carapace area. While the traits of Zhejiang had the features of big spots, small distribution area and accounted for a low proportion of the carapace area. This study developed the recognition method based on computer vision for white spots in the carapace of P. trituberculatus, and illustrated the growth features of this trait, and revealed significant geographical differences among three populations.
引文
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[18]戴爱云,冯钟琪,宋玉枝,等.三疣梭子蟹渔业生物学的初步调查[J].动物学杂志,1977,12(2):30-33.Dai A Y,Feng Z Q,Song Y Z,et al.The preliminary investigation of Portunus trituberculatus in fisheries biology[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1977,12(2):30-33(in Chinese).
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[20]吴惠仙,徐雪娜,薛俊增,等.中国沿海三疣梭子蟹的遗传结构和亲缘关系分析[J].海洋学研究,2009,27(3):48-53.Wu H X,Xu X N,Xue J Z,et al.Analysis of the genetic structure and relationship of the swimming crab,Portunus triuberculatus in the coastal area of China[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2009,27(3):48-53(in Chinese).
[21]刘爽,薛淑霞,孙金生.黄海和东海三疣梭子蟹(Portunus triuberbuculatus)的AFLP分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(2):152-156.Liu S,Xue S X,Sun J S.Genetic diversity of Portunus triuberbuculatus revealed by AFLP analysis[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(2):152-156(in Chinese).
[22]高保全,刘萍,李健,等.三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)4个地理群体体色差异分析[J].渔业科学进展,2015,36(3):79-84.Gao B Q,Liu P,Li J,et al.Analysis of body color variations among four wild populations of Portunus trituberculatus[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(3):79-84(in Chinese).
[2]Torrissen O J,Naevdal G.Pigmentation of salmonids-variation in flesh carotenoids of Atlantic salmon[J].Aquaculture,1988,68(4):305-310.
[3]Shikano T.Marker-based estimation of heritability for body color variation in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus[J].Aquaculture,2005,249(1-4):95-105.
[4]黄永政.鱼类体色研究进展[J].水产学杂志,2008,21(1):89-94.Huang Y Z.The study on fish body color[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2008,21(1):89-94(in Chinese).
[5]王庆恒,邓岳文,杜晓东,等.马氏珠母贝4个壳色选系F1幼虫的生长比较[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(3):488-492.Wang Q H,Deng Y W,Du X D,et al.Growth comparision of F1 larvae between four shell color lines of pearl oyster Pinctada martensii[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2008,15(3):488-492(in Chinese).
[6]迟大利.三疣梭子蟹两种体色相关分子标记研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2009.Chi D L.Study on molecular marker analysis between color-different individuals of the blue swimming crab(Portunus trituberculatus)[D].Suzhou:Soochow University,2009(in Chinese).
[7]何东健,张海亮,宁纪锋,等.农业自动化领域中计算机视觉技术的应用[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(2):171-175.He D J,Zhang H L,Ning J F,et al.Application of computer vision technique to automatic production in agri-culture[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2002,18(2):171-175 (in Chinese).
[8]Quevedo R A,Aguilera J M,Pedreschi F.Color of salmon fillets by computer vision and sen-sory panel[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2010,3(5):637-643.
[9]徐建瑜.基于计算机视觉的急性应激条件下尼罗罗非鱼的行为研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.Xu J Y.Behavioral responses of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)to acute stress monitored by computer vision[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2005(in Chinese).
[10]张超,徐建瑜,王文静.基于机器视觉的梭子蟹质量估计方法研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2014,27(2):49-51.Zhang C,Xu J Y,Wang W J.Machine vision based weight estimation of swimming crab[J].Journal of Ningbo University(Natural Science&Engineering Edition),2014,27(2):49-51(in Chinese).
[11]Zhang Z.A flexible new technique for camera calibration[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,2000,22(11):1330-1334.
[12]张庭尧,方开泰.多元统计分析引论[M].北京:科学出版社,1982:393-404.Zhang T Y,Fang K T.An Introduction to multivariate statistical analysis[M].Beijing:Science Press,1982:393-404(in Chinese).
[13]袁源,樊万梅.基于背景统计的ROI提取方法[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学),2012,26(3):89-92.Yuan Y,Fan W M.A method for ROI extraction based on background statistics[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Natural Science),2012,26(3):89-92(in Chinese).
[14]吴青霞,丁蓓,凌华威,等.磁共振扩散张量成像在评估帕金森病脑内白质改变中的应用[J].实用放射学杂志,2010,26(7):923-925,966.Wu Q X,Ding B,Ling H W,et al.The application of MR diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of the white matter changes in patients with Parkinson’s disease[J].Journal of Practical Radiology,2010,26(7):923-925,966(in Chinese).
[15]李登旺.医学图像配准和分割技术研究及在图像引导放射治疗系统中的应用[D].济南:山东大学,2011.Li D W.Research on medical image registration and segmentation with applications in IGRT system[D].Ji'nan:Shandong University,2011(in Chinese).
[16]刘金海,王安利,王维娜.金鱼总色素及色素组分的比较研究[J].水生生物学报,2007,31(1):73-77.Liu J H,Wang A L,Wang W N.Comparative studies on the total pigment and pigment components of goldfish[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2007,31(1):73-77(in Chinese).
[17]Ueshima G,Nakajima M,Fujio Y.A study on the inheritance of body color and chromato-phores in the guppy,Poecilia reticulata[J].Tohoku Journal of Agricultural Research,1998,48(3-4):111-122.
[18]戴爱云,冯钟琪,宋玉枝,等.三疣梭子蟹渔业生物学的初步调查[J].动物学杂志,1977,12(2):30-33.Dai A Y,Feng Z Q,Song Y Z,et al.The preliminary investigation of Portunus trituberculatus in fisheries biology[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1977,12(2):30-33(in Chinese).
[19]高保全,刘萍,李健,等.三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)不同地理种群内自繁和种群间杂交子一代生长性状的比较[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(3):291-296.Gao B Q,Liu P,Li J,et al.Heterosis of F1 Portunus trituberculatus from matings and crosses among different geographical populations[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(3):291-296(in Chinese).
[20]吴惠仙,徐雪娜,薛俊增,等.中国沿海三疣梭子蟹的遗传结构和亲缘关系分析[J].海洋学研究,2009,27(3):48-53.Wu H X,Xu X N,Xue J Z,et al.Analysis of the genetic structure and relationship of the swimming crab,Portunus triuberculatus in the coastal area of China[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2009,27(3):48-53(in Chinese).
[21]刘爽,薛淑霞,孙金生.黄海和东海三疣梭子蟹(Portunus triuberbuculatus)的AFLP分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(2):152-156.Liu S,Xue S X,Sun J S.Genetic diversity of Portunus triuberbuculatus revealed by AFLP analysis[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(2):152-156(in Chinese).
[22]高保全,刘萍,李健,等.三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)4个地理群体体色差异分析[J].渔业科学进展,2015,36(3):79-84.Gao B Q,Liu P,Li J,et al.Analysis of body color variations among four wild populations of Portunus trituberculatus[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(3):79-84(in Chinese).