浙江省规模化生猪养殖业节水减排意愿分析
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摘要
本研究基于实地走访调查,在考察规模化生猪养殖户节水减排行为的现实状况之后,以一定的补偿激励为诱因,探求规模化生猪养殖户的节水减排意愿及其决定条件。结果表明:尽管规模化生猪养殖户在饮水装置、清粪技术、高压水枪冲洗栏舍、自动控制仪表喷雾降温等已有选择上未能体现节水减排的行为特征,但其绝大多数在预设补贴下愿意节水减排。预设补贴下规模化生猪养殖户节水减排意愿主要受是否来自外地、家庭类型、节水减排技术培训、节水减排必要性认知、节水减排预期效果、节水减排经济评价5个因素影响。对养殖户而言,节水减排意愿一定程度上取决于环保技术以及对这一行为认知的可能性,而在成本—收益的权衡中,是否节水减排本身并无明显差异。
Based on the questionnaire survey, this article investigates the reality of water-saving and emission reduction of large-scale pig farmers, and explores the willingness of large-scale pig farmers to save water and reduce emissions under a presupposition subsidy and its determining conditions. The findings indicated that most large-scale pig farmers are willing to save water and reduce emissions under the presupposition subsidy, though their current behavior are not entirely water-saving and emission-reducing, reflected in their choice of drinking water devices and defecation technologies, their use automatic control meter for spray cooling, and their use a water cannon to flush the pigsty. The intention of large-scale pig farmers to save water and reduce emissions under presupposition subsidy is mainly influenced by whether they come from other places, family types, technical training on saving water and reducing emissions, cognition of the necessity of saving water and reducing emissions, expected effect of saving water and reducing emissions, and economic evaluation of saving water and reducing emissions. For pig farmers, the willingness to save water and reduce emissions depends in part on environmental technology and the possibility of recognizing this behavior, while in the cost-benefit tradeoff, there is no significant difference in whether to save water and reduce emissions.
Based on the questionnaire survey, this article investigates the reality of water-saving and emission reduction of large-scale pig farmers, and explores the willingness of large-scale pig farmers to save water and reduce emissions under a presupposition subsidy and its determining conditions. The findings indicated that most large-scale pig farmers are willing to save water and reduce emissions under the presupposition subsidy, though their current behavior are not entirely water-saving and emission-reducing, reflected in their choice of drinking water devices and defecation technologies, their use automatic control meter for spray cooling, and their use a water cannon to flush the pigsty. The intention of large-scale pig farmers to save water and reduce emissions under presupposition subsidy is mainly influenced by whether they come from other places, family types, technical training on saving water and reducing emissions, cognition of the necessity of saving water and reducing emissions, expected effect of saving water and reducing emissions, and economic evaluation of saving water and reducing emissions. For pig farmers, the willingness to save water and reduce emissions depends in part on environmental technology and the possibility of recognizing this behavior, while in the cost-benefit tradeoff, there is no significant difference in whether to save water and reduce emissions.
引文
[1]项国鹏,石煜磊,黄玮.“五水共治”背景下浙江省养猪业转型发展的路径选择及启示[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(9):149-153.
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[10]宾幕容,覃一枝,周发明.湘江流域农户生猪养殖污染治理意愿分析[J].经济地理,2016,36(11):154-160.
[11]孔凡斌,张维平,潘丹.基于规模视角的农户畜禽养殖污染无害化处理意愿影响因素分析--以5省754户生猪养殖户为例[J].江西财经大学学报,2016(6):75-81.
[12]邬兰娅,齐振宏,黄炜虹,等.生猪养殖户生态养殖模式采纳意愿及其影响因素研究[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(2):284-290.
[13]孟祥海,周海川,周海文.区域种养平衡估算与养殖场种养结合意愿影响因素分析:基于江苏省的实证研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(2):132-139.
[14]赵连阁,姚文捷,王学渊.浙江省生猪养殖户废弃物处理补贴期望研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(6):62-67.
[15]姚文捷.浙江省生猪养殖户废弃物处理采纳行为研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(11):129-133.
[16]Hensher D A,Rose J M,Greene W H.Applied choice analysis:A primer[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[2]王凯军,金冬霞,赵淑霞,等.畜禽养殖污染防治技术与政策[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[3]朱哲毅,应瑞瑶,周力.畜禽养殖末端污染治理政策对养殖户清洁生产行为的影响研究--基于环境库兹涅茨曲线视角的选择性试验[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(5):55-62,145.
[4]潘丹.基于农户偏好的牲畜粪便污染治理政策选择--以生猪养殖为例[J].中国农村观察,2016(2):68-83,96-97.
[5]潘丹.基于实验经济学的养殖企业污染治理政策选择行为分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):70-75.
[6]姚文捷.生猪养殖排污权交易机制研究--理论、实证与政策[J].农业经济问题,2017,38(10):92-98.
[7]曹天义,高立中,李俊.节水型畜牧业的三个思考[J].中国畜牧业,2007(17):46-47.
[8]刘琼,马帅,俞淞,等.基于用水定额的北京市畜牧业用水情况分析[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(1):75-78.
[9]易四凤,张力青,杨凌,等.节水养猪促进养殖业持续健康发展[J].中国畜禽种业,2016,12(5):89-90.
[10]宾幕容,覃一枝,周发明.湘江流域农户生猪养殖污染治理意愿分析[J].经济地理,2016,36(11):154-160.
[11]孔凡斌,张维平,潘丹.基于规模视角的农户畜禽养殖污染无害化处理意愿影响因素分析--以5省754户生猪养殖户为例[J].江西财经大学学报,2016(6):75-81.
[12]邬兰娅,齐振宏,黄炜虹,等.生猪养殖户生态养殖模式采纳意愿及其影响因素研究[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(2):284-290.
[13]孟祥海,周海川,周海文.区域种养平衡估算与养殖场种养结合意愿影响因素分析:基于江苏省的实证研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(2):132-139.
[14]赵连阁,姚文捷,王学渊.浙江省生猪养殖户废弃物处理补贴期望研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(6):62-67.
[15]姚文捷.浙江省生猪养殖户废弃物处理采纳行为研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(11):129-133.
[16]Hensher D A,Rose J M,Greene W H.Applied choice analysis:A primer[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.