异质面板视角下人力资本与节水潜力的协整关系研究
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摘要
运用面板计量分析方法,研究中国各区域人力资本与节水潜力之间的关系。实证研究发现大部分地区的人力资本与节水潜力间存在不同程度的Granger因果关系。受教育程度、技术进步等因素对节水潜力的影响,也呈现出明显的地区异质性。此外,部分地区不存在短期关系,说明其人力资本和节水潜力变化只有在基于长期判断时才有价值;人力资本与节水潜力之间的关系不受地区经济发展水平的影响,说明从此视角制定的节水政策具有普适性。
The relationship between human capital and water-saving potential in different regions of China is studied by panel data analysis in this paper. Empirical research shows that there are different degrees of Granger causality between human capital and water-saving potential in most areas. The influences of education level,technological progress and other factors on water-saving potential also show obvious regional heterogeneity. In addition,there is no short-term relationship in some areas,indicating that the changes in human capital and water-saving potential are only valuable based on long-term judgment; the relationship between human capital and water-saving potential is not affected by the level of regional economic development,which means that the water-saving policy formulated from this perspective is universal.
The relationship between human capital and water-saving potential in different regions of China is studied by panel data analysis in this paper. Empirical research shows that there are different degrees of Granger causality between human capital and water-saving potential in most areas. The influences of education level,technological progress and other factors on water-saving potential also show obvious regional heterogeneity. In addition,there is no short-term relationship in some areas,indicating that the changes in human capital and water-saving potential are only valuable based on long-term judgment; the relationship between human capital and water-saving potential is not affected by the level of regional economic development,which means that the water-saving policy formulated from this perspective is universal.
引文
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[18]杨瑞平,敖小波.财政支出与经济增长的关系研究:基于协整理论的实证分析[J].经济问题,2014(10):21-24.
[19]孙汉杰,李春艳,秦婷婷.东北地区高技术产业升级能力评价比较研究[J].经济纵横,2015(12):74-78.
[20]孙爱军,方先明.中国省际水资源利用效率的空间分布格局及决定因素[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010(5):139-145.
[21]郭晓东,刘卫东,陆大道,等.节水型社会建设背景下区域节水影响因素分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013(12):98-104.
[22]吴国娟,刘瑜.趋同心理和沉默螺旋下的第三人效应[J].新闻世界,2011(8):12-13.
[23]吴欣颖,任建兰,程钰.山东省工业经济增长的水资源效应及时空演变分析[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2015(4):7-12.
[24]刘轶芳,刘彦兵,黄姗姗.产业结构与水资源消耗结构的关联关系研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014(4):861-869.
[2]YURDUSEV M A,KUMANLIOGLU A A. Survey-based estimation of domestic water saving potential in the case of Manisa city[J]. Water Resources Management,2008,22(3):291-305.
[3]FROUKH M L. Decision-support system for domestic water demand forecasting and management[J]. Water Resources Management,2001,15(6):363-382.
[4]MINTON G R,WILLIAMS R,MURDOCK T. Developing a conservation program tailored to area needs[J]. Journal of the American Water Works Association,1979,71(9):486-496.
[5]贾绍凤,张杰.变革中的中国水资源管理[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(10):102-106.
[6]梅锦山,郦建强,丁跃元.发挥规划引领作用落实“节水优先”方针:对“十三五”节水型社会建设规划编制工作的思考[J].中国水利,2015(7):11-13.
[7]陈明忠,张续军.最严格水资源管理制度相关政策体系研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2015(5):130-135.
[8]屈小娥,屈冰.“十二五”各省节能潜力的测算与分析[J].统计与决策,2013(9):139-142.
[9]GARY S B. Human capital:a theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education[M]. Boston:National Bureau of Economic Research,1975.
[10]杨俊,李雪松.教育不平等、人力资本积累与经济增长:基于中国的实证研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2007(2):37-45.
[11]MARKKU R. Panel data[M]. Berlin:International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science,2011.
[12]ZHANG L. The use of panel data models in higher education policy studies[M]. Berlin:Higher Education:Handbook of Theory and Research,2010:307-349.
[13]熊德平,余新平,熊皛白.中国农村金融效率与农产品对外贸易:基于1982—2009年数据的协整检验和格兰杰因果分析[J].中国软科学,2011(10):36-45.
[14]吕延方,陈磊.面板单位根检验方法及稳定性的探讨[J].数学的实践与认识,2010(21):49-61.
[15]LEVIN A,LIN C F,CHU C S J. Unit root tests in panel data:asymptotic and finite-sample properties[J]. Journal of Econometrics,2002,108(1):1-24.
[16]BREITUNG J. The local power of some unit root tests for panel data[J]. Advances in Econometrics,2000,15(15):161-177.
[17]IM K S,PESARAN M H,SHIN Y. Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels[J]. Journal of Econometrics,2003,115(1):53-74.
[18]杨瑞平,敖小波.财政支出与经济增长的关系研究:基于协整理论的实证分析[J].经济问题,2014(10):21-24.
[19]孙汉杰,李春艳,秦婷婷.东北地区高技术产业升级能力评价比较研究[J].经济纵横,2015(12):74-78.
[20]孙爱军,方先明.中国省际水资源利用效率的空间分布格局及决定因素[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010(5):139-145.
[21]郭晓东,刘卫东,陆大道,等.节水型社会建设背景下区域节水影响因素分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013(12):98-104.
[22]吴国娟,刘瑜.趋同心理和沉默螺旋下的第三人效应[J].新闻世界,2011(8):12-13.
[23]吴欣颖,任建兰,程钰.山东省工业经济增长的水资源效应及时空演变分析[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2015(4):7-12.
[24]刘轶芳,刘彦兵,黄姗姗.产业结构与水资源消耗结构的关联关系研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014(4):861-869.