新疆芜菁硫甙葡萄糖苷的组分鉴定与分析
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摘要
以新疆芜菁(Brassica rapaspp.rapa)为研究对象,利用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)技术,对新疆芜菁营养生长期(肉质根生长)不同发育阶段(前期、盛期、成熟期)、不同生长部位(根、茎、叶)中硫甙葡萄糖苷质量分数进行分析鉴定。结果表明,营养生长期不同发育阶段、不同生长部位含有7种脂肪族硫苷、1种芳香族硫苷和4种吲哚族硫苷共12种硫苷,具有一定的差异。7种脂肪族硫苷分别为2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷、4-甲亚砜丁基硫苷、2-羟基-4-戊烯基硫苷、5-甲亚砜戊基硫苷、3-丁烯基硫苷、4-戊烯基硫苷、4-甲硫丁基硫苷;1种芳香族硫苷为苯乙基硫苷;4种吲哚族硫苷为4-羟基-3-吲哚甲基硫苷、3-吲哚甲基硫苷、4-甲氧-3-吲哚甲基硫苷、1-甲氧-3-吲哚甲基硫苷。其中,2-羟基-4-戊烯基硫苷与5-甲亚砜戊基硫苷在新疆芜菁根部未检测出,在肉质根生长前期,根、茎、叶部位未检测出。根、茎、叶中脂肪族硫苷质量分数在总硫苷中所占比例较大,根部主要硫苷成分有4-甲硫丁基硫苷、苯乙基硫苷、3-丁烯基硫苷,茎部主要硫苷成分有3-丁烯基硫苷、4-甲硫丁基硫苷、1-甲氧-3-吲哚甲基硫苷,叶部主要硫苷成分有3-丁烯基硫苷、2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷、4-戊稀基硫苷。
The Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography(UPLC)technique analyze and identify glucosinolates in Xinjiang turnip(Brassica rapavar.rapa),sampled roots,stems and leaves at the early,middle and mature stages of succulent root expansion.The results showed that there were 12 glucosinolates identified in different tissues at developmental stage,including seven identical aliphatic glucosinolates(prpgpotrin,glucoraphanin,gluconapoleiferin,glucoalyssin,gluconapin,glucobrassicanapin and glucoerucin),one identical aromatic glucosinolate(gluconasturtiin),four indole glucosinolates(4-hydroxyglucobra,glucobrassicin,4-methoxy-glucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin).However,gluconapoleiferin and glucoalyssin were not detected in the roots and stem and leaf in the early stage of succulent root expansion of turnip.The aliphatic glucosinolates were mainly parts in total glucosinolates,during glucoerucin,glucoerucin and glucoerucin in roots,gluconapin,glucoerucin and neoglucobrassicin in stem,and gluconapin,progoitrin and glucobrassicanapin in leaf.This work lays the foundation for further research on the mechanism of synthesis and accumulation of glucosinolates secondary metabolites in Xinjiang turnip and cultivation of new turnip varieties rich in glucosinolates.
The Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography(UPLC)technique analyze and identify glucosinolates in Xinjiang turnip(Brassica rapavar.rapa),sampled roots,stems and leaves at the early,middle and mature stages of succulent root expansion.The results showed that there were 12 glucosinolates identified in different tissues at developmental stage,including seven identical aliphatic glucosinolates(prpgpotrin,glucoraphanin,gluconapoleiferin,glucoalyssin,gluconapin,glucobrassicanapin and glucoerucin),one identical aromatic glucosinolate(gluconasturtiin),four indole glucosinolates(4-hydroxyglucobra,glucobrassicin,4-methoxy-glucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin).However,gluconapoleiferin and glucoalyssin were not detected in the roots and stem and leaf in the early stage of succulent root expansion of turnip.The aliphatic glucosinolates were mainly parts in total glucosinolates,during glucoerucin,glucoerucin and glucoerucin in roots,gluconapin,glucoerucin and neoglucobrassicin in stem,and gluconapin,progoitrin and glucobrassicanapin in leaf.This work lays the foundation for further research on the mechanism of synthesis and accumulation of glucosinolates secondary metabolites in Xinjiang turnip and cultivation of new turnip varieties rich in glucosinolates.
引文
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[2]吕静,陶文沂,程景才,等.十字花科蔬菜提取物抗肿瘤作用的研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2007(4):105-109.LJ,TAO W Y,CHEN J C,et al.Antitumor effects of extract from cruciferous vegetables[J].Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,2007(4):105-109.
[3]江定,陈国菊,雷建军,等.硫代葡萄糖苷运输的生理生化及分子机理研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(1):29-37.JIANG D,CHEN G J,LEI J J,et al.Sulphur physiological and biochemical and molecular mechanism of the generation of glycosidase transportation research progress[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2017,53(1):29-37.
[4]马国财,王玉茹,轩正英.新疆芜菁不同品种营养成分分析与比较[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(4):360-364.MA G C,WANG Y R,XUAN ZH Y.Analysis and comparison of nutritional components of different turnip varieties in Xinjiang[J].Food Industry Science and Technology,2016,37(4):360-364.
[5]乔丽桃,高杰,吴玉霞.芜菁小孢子胚胎发生及其显微结构观察研究[J].天津农业科学,2014(5):14-18.QIAO L T,GAO J,WU Y X.Studies on microspore embryogenesis and microstructure in turnip[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2014(5):14-18.
[6]施月婕,高杰,赵建军.盐胁迫对芜菁种子萌发的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(3):487-492.SHI Y J,GAO J,ZHAO J J.Effects of salt stress on seed germination of turnip seeds[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2011,48(3):487-492.
[7]孙莲,马合木提,曾玲力,等.柱前衍生化HPLC测定新疆芜菁多糖中的单糖[J].华西药学杂志,2010,25(2):171-172.SUN L,MAHEMUTI,ZENG L L,et al.Determination of monosaccharide compositions and contents in polysaccharide of Brassica rapaL by Pre-column derivatization-HPLC[J].West China Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences,2010,25(2):171-172.
[8]贾治勇,张素敏,贾阳希.西兰花茎中硫苷的提取工艺研究[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(8):586.JIA ZH Y,ZHANG S M,JIA Y X.Process for extraction of glucosinolates from broccoli stems[J].Journal Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2016,36(8):586.
[9]宋亚,杨静,朱祝军.紫结球甘蓝功能性成分的提取、鉴定与分析[J].园艺学报,2016,43(1):100-108.SONG Y,YANG J,ZHU ZH J.Identification and analysis of the functional compounds in red cabbage[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2016,43(1):100-108.
[10]马越,丁云花,刘光敏,等.青花菜花球及叶片中硫代葡萄糖苷组分及含量分析[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(7):300-303.MA Y,DING Y H,LIU G M,et al.Analysis on the composition and content of glucosinolate in green cauliflower and leaf[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2016,44(7):300-303.
[11]胡克玲,朱祝军.外源喷施萘乙酸对小白菜硫代葡萄糖苷的影响[J].植物生理学报,2013,49(11):1221-1227.HU K L,ZHU ZH J.Effect of different concentrations of naphthylacetic acid on glucosinolates contents in pakchoi(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinesis Makino var.communis)[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2013,49(11):1221-1227.
[12]胡克玲,朱祝军.喷施蔗糖和葡萄糖对小白菜硫代葡萄糖苷含量的影响[J].核农学报,2010,24(4):840-845.HU K L,ZHU ZH J.Effect of sucrose and glucose spray on glucosinolates in pakchoi(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinesis Makino var.communis)[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Science,2010,24(4):840-845.
[13]廖永翠,宋明,王辉.大白菜中硫代葡萄糖苷的鉴定及含量分析[J].园艺学报,2011,38(5):963-969.LIAO Y C,SONG M,WANG H.Glucosinolate profile and accumulation in Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2011,38(5):963-969.
[14]张涛,安熙强,黄莉,等.维药恰玛古中硫代葡萄糖苷的提取工艺研究[J].中国药房,2015,26(25):3546-3550.ZHANG T,AN X Q,HUANG L,et al.Research on the extraction technology glucosinolates from Uighur medicine Brassica rapa L.[J].China Pharmacy,2015,26(25):3546-3550.
[15]王丽萍,王航宇,谭勇,等.维药恰玛古的研究进展[J].农垦医学,2012,34(6):525.WANG L P,WANG H Y,TAN Y,et al.Progress in the study of the drug chagamu[J].Journal of Nongken Medicine,2012,34(6):525.
[16]李巧娟,肖春霞,张洪亮.维药恰玛古的研究现状[J].新疆中医药,2010,28(6):81.LI Q J,XIAO CH X,ZHANG H L.The current situation of the study of the vitamin chagamu[J].Xinjiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2010,28(6):81.
[17]SCHONHOF I,KRUMBEIN A,BRCKNER B.Genotypic effects on glucosinolates and sensory properties of broccoli and cauliflower[J].Nahrung Food,2008,48(1):25-33.
[18]陈新娟,朱祝军,钱琼秋,等.硫代葡萄糖苷的提取、分离和鉴定[J].中国食品学报,2007,7(3):43-47.CHEN X J,ZHU ZH J,QIAN Q Qet al.Extraction,separation and identification of glucosinolates[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology,2007,7(3):43-47.
[19]何洪巨,陈杭,Schnitzler W H.云薹属蔬菜中硫苷鉴定与含量分析[J].中国农业科学,2002,352(2):192-197.HE H J,CHEN H,SCHNITZLER W H.Glucosinolate composition and contents in Brassicavegetables[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,352(2):192-197.
[20]陈新娟,朱祝军,杨静,等.芥蓝叶和薹的硫代葡萄糖苷组分及含量[J].园艺学报,2006,33(4):741-744.CHEN X J,ZHU ZH J,YANG J,et al.Composition and content of glucosinolates in leaves and bolting stems of Chinese kale quantified by HPLC[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2006,33(4):741-744.
[21]张丽,何洪巨,赵学志,等.不同萝卜品种幼苗中硫代葡萄糖苷含量与组分分析[J].华北农学报,2012,27(4):107-111.ZHANG L,HE H J,ZHAO X ZH,et al.Glucosinolate composition and contents in Raphanus sativus seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2012,27(4):107-111.
[22]丁云花,宋曙辉,赵学志,等.不同类型花椰菜硫代葡萄糖苷组分与含量分析[J].中国蔬菜,2015(12):38-43.DING Y H,SONG SH H,ZHAO X ZH,et al.Analysis on the composition and content of glucoside glucoside in different types of cauliflower[J].China Vegetables,2015(12):38-43.
[23]胡丽萍,刘光敏,康俊根.不同结球甘蓝品种硫代葡萄糖苷组分及含量分析[J].中国蔬菜,2015(6):42-47.HU L P,LIU G M,KANG J G.Analysis on the composition and content of glucosinolate in different cultivars of kale[J].China Vegetables,2015(6):42-47.
[24]丁云花,何洪巨,宋曙辉,等.不同西兰花品种中硫代葡萄糖苷的组分与含量分析[J].长江蔬菜,2015(20):70-74.DING Y H,HE H J,SONG SH H,et al.Composition and content analysis of glucosinolates from different broccoli varieties[J].Journal of Changjiang Vegetables,2015(20):70-74.
[25]司雨,陈国菊,雷建军,等.不同基因型芥蓝硫代葡萄糖苷组分与含量分析[J].中国蔬菜,2009(6):7-13.SI Y,CHEN G J,LEI J J,et al.Analysis of the components and content of glucoside from different genotypes[J].China Vegetables,2009(6):7-13.
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