不同微量元素锌·硼浓度对玉米生长的影响
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摘要
通过玉米盆栽试验,筛选出26-10-12 BB肥的锌(螯合态)、硼(四水八硼)最适添加量。结果表明,BB肥中适量添加锌、硼能使玉米植株高大,叶片叶绿素含量提高,适量施锌、硼还将叶片中PEP羧化酶和RuBP羧化酶含量分别提高了21.13%～30.93%和10.84%～26.75%,进而提高光合速率,T_4处理的光合速率与对照相比提高了22.49%,因而加快干物质积累速率,使产量提高了30.63%,但过量施锌、硼则起相反作用(T_5、T_6)。由此可知,BB肥添加20 kg/t螯合锌和16 kg/t四水八硼可最大限度地促进玉米植株的生长,为后期工业化生产中锌、硼的最佳施用量组合方案。
This experiment aimed to screen the optimum addition amount of Zn(chelating state) and B(Tetra-boron) of 26-10-12 BB fertilizer through corn pot experiment.The results showed that the addition of zinc and boron in BB fertilizer could increase the corn plant height and increase the chlorophyll content of the leaves.The appropriate amount of zinc and boron also increased the contents of PEP carboxylase and RuBP carboxylase in the leaves by 21.13%-30.93% and 10.84%-26.75%, respectively, which increased the photosynthetic rate.The light and rate of T_4 treatment increased by 22.49% compared with the control, thus accelerating the dry matter accumulation rate and increasing the yield by 30.63%(T_4).However, excessive zinc and boron had the opposite effect(T_5 and T_6 treatment).From the above test results, BB fertilizer added 20 kg/t chelated zinc and 16 kg/t Tetra-boron could maximize the growth of corn plants, the results could be the best application of zinc and boron in the later industrial production combination plan.
This experiment aimed to screen the optimum addition amount of Zn(chelating state) and B(Tetra-boron) of 26-10-12 BB fertilizer through corn pot experiment.The results showed that the addition of zinc and boron in BB fertilizer could increase the corn plant height and increase the chlorophyll content of the leaves.The appropriate amount of zinc and boron also increased the contents of PEP carboxylase and RuBP carboxylase in the leaves by 21.13%-30.93% and 10.84%-26.75%, respectively, which increased the photosynthetic rate.The light and rate of T_4 treatment increased by 22.49% compared with the control, thus accelerating the dry matter accumulation rate and increasing the yield by 30.63%(T_4).However, excessive zinc and boron had the opposite effect(T_5 and T_6 treatment).From the above test results, BB fertilizer added 20 kg/t chelated zinc and 16 kg/t Tetra-boron could maximize the growth of corn plants, the results could be the best application of zinc and boron in the later industrial production combination plan.
引文
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[13] AREF F.Zinc and boron content by maize leaves from soil and foliar application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in zinc and boron deficient soils[J].Middle-east journal of scientific research,2011,7(4):610-618.
[14] 刘艳,王振军,李梦姣.锌硼微肥对玉米生长发育和品质的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2018(8):290-291.
[15] 曹建涛,王宝玲.合成硼肥在玉米种植上的应用效果研究[J].农业科技通讯,2010(8):65-66,69.
[16] 杨克军,王庆祥,田在军,等.锌对寒地盐碱土玉米生长发育及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2009,17(1):120-123.
[17] 田在军,杨克军,张树远,等.施用锌肥对玉米的形态和生理生化特性的影响[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2008,20(1):24-27.
[2] 李广浩,董树亭,赵斌,等.不同土壤水分状况下实现夏玉米高产及氮素高效的控释尿素用量研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(3):579-589.
[3] 张国桥,王静,刘涛,等.水肥一体化施磷对滴灌玉米产量、磷素营养及磷肥利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(5):1103-1109.
[4] 陈远学,李汉邯,周涛,等.施磷对间套作玉米叶面积指数、干物质积累分配及磷肥利用效率的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(10):2799-2806.
[5] 侯云鹏,杨建,孔丽丽,等.施钾对春玉米产量、养分吸收及分配的影响[J].玉米科学,2015,23(4):124-131.
[6] 李波,张吉旺,靳立斌,等.施钾量对高产夏玉米产量和钾素利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(4):832-838.
[7] 王迪轩,何永梅,李建国.新编肥料使用技术手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2017.
[8] 沈其荣.土壤肥料学通论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[9] 韩金玲,马春英,杨晴,等.施锌对冬小麦品质性状的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(1):112-115.
[10] 邵建华,王洪涛,刘金友,等.硼肥的应用现状及发展前景[J].化肥工业,2013,40(3):13-15,35.
[11] 代东明.微量营养元素与施用微肥[J].内蒙古农业科技,2013,41(1):62-66.
[12] 柴喜荣,于文杰,杨暹,等.不同供硼水平对菜心光合作用和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(12):37-39.
[13] AREF F.Zinc and boron content by maize leaves from soil and foliar application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in zinc and boron deficient soils[J].Middle-east journal of scientific research,2011,7(4):610-618.
[14] 刘艳,王振军,李梦姣.锌硼微肥对玉米生长发育和品质的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2018(8):290-291.
[15] 曹建涛,王宝玲.合成硼肥在玉米种植上的应用效果研究[J].农业科技通讯,2010(8):65-66,69.
[16] 杨克军,王庆祥,田在军,等.锌对寒地盐碱土玉米生长发育及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2009,17(1):120-123.
[17] 田在军,杨克军,张树远,等.施用锌肥对玉米的形态和生理生化特性的影响[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2008,20(1):24-27.