外源NO对盐胁迫下甜高粱种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
为探究外源NO对盐胁迫下甜高粱种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以国能4号甜高粱为试验材料,采用不同浓度(0.05、0.1和0.2 mmol·L~(-1))硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)处理1.6%NaCl胁迫下的种子和幼苗,统计种子发芽数,测定幼苗叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性等生理生化指标。结果表明,盐胁迫抑制了甜高粱种子的萌发,种子发芽指标(种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数)显著降低,1.6%NaCl是甜高粱种子萌发的敏感盐浓度;喷施不同浓度SNP可显著提高盐胁迫下甜高粱种子的发芽率及幼苗叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量,降低叶片MDA含量,增强抗氧化酶活性,其中0.1 mmol·L~(-1)SNP处理效果最佳。0.1 mmol·L~(-1)SNP处理下,与单独盐浓度处理相比,甜高粱种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别增加了29.51%、39.21%和38.91%;幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量分别提高了230.00%、184.38%、214.13%、17.00%、8.78%和40.63%;MDA含量降低了34.01%;SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性分别增强了33.38%、55.75%、23.17%和116.46%。综上,盐胁迫下适宜浓度的SNP处理,可提高甜高粱幼苗叶片渗透调节物质含量,增强抗氧化酶活性,清除体内活性氧,从而促进幼苗生长,增强植株抗盐性。本研究结果为提高甜高粱耐盐性及揭示其耐盐机制提供了理论依据。
In order to study effect of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorghum under salt stress, we used Sorghum variety Guoneng No.4 as experimental materials, it was pretreated with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mmol·L~(-1) sodium nitriprusside [SNP, a nitric oxide(NO) donor]. The results showed that seed germination ability was inhibited by salt stress, and 1.6% NaCl is the sensitive concentration of salt stress to Sorghum seeds. Damage to Sorghum seedlings caused by 1.6% NaCl stress was significantly alleviated in the presence of different concentrations of SNP, and 0.1 mmol·L~(-1) SNP was the best choice. Compared with single NaCl treatment, seed germination rate, germination power and germination indexes were increased by 29.51%, 39.21% and 38.91%,respectively. The contents of chl a, chl b, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were increased by 230.00%, 184.38%, 214.13%, 17.00%, 8.78% and 40.63%, respectively. The contents of MDA were decreased by 34.01%. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX were increased by 33.38%, 55.75%, 23.17% and 116.46%, respectively. In conclusion, suitable concentration of SNP may alleviate damage to seeds and seedlings caused by salt stress. Key components of the response are: increased the osmotic adjustments level, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased the reactive oxygen species level, with resultant promotion of the seedling growth, and enhanced the salt resistant ability of Sorghum.
In order to study effect of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorghum under salt stress, we used Sorghum variety Guoneng No.4 as experimental materials, it was pretreated with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mmol·L~(-1) sodium nitriprusside [SNP, a nitric oxide(NO) donor]. The results showed that seed germination ability was inhibited by salt stress, and 1.6% NaCl is the sensitive concentration of salt stress to Sorghum seeds. Damage to Sorghum seedlings caused by 1.6% NaCl stress was significantly alleviated in the presence of different concentrations of SNP, and 0.1 mmol·L~(-1) SNP was the best choice. Compared with single NaCl treatment, seed germination rate, germination power and germination indexes were increased by 29.51%, 39.21% and 38.91%,respectively. The contents of chl a, chl b, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were increased by 230.00%, 184.38%, 214.13%, 17.00%, 8.78% and 40.63%, respectively. The contents of MDA were decreased by 34.01%. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX were increased by 33.38%, 55.75%, 23.17% and 116.46%, respectively. In conclusion, suitable concentration of SNP may alleviate damage to seeds and seedlings caused by salt stress. Key components of the response are: increased the osmotic adjustments level, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased the reactive oxygen species level, with resultant promotion of the seedling growth, and enhanced the salt resistant ability of Sorghum.
引文
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[21] 刘文瑜, 杨发荣, 黄杰, 魏玉明, 金茜. NaCl胁迫对藜麦幼苗生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2017, 37(9): 1797-1804
[22] 邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000
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[25] Shi S, Fu X Z, Peng T, Huang X S, Fan Q J, Liu J H. Spermine pretreatment confers dehydration tolerance of citrus in vitro plants via modulation of antioxidative capacity and stomatal response [J]. Tree Physiology, 2010, 30: 914-922
[26] 李小方,张志良. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2016
[27] 李惠华,赖钟雄. 龙眼体胚发生过程中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的变化[J]. 亚热带植物科学,2006,35(3):9-11
[28] 戴海芳, 武辉, 阿曼古丽·买买提阿力, 王立红, 买买提·阿皮孜, 张巨松. 不同基因型棉花苗期耐盐性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(7): 1290-1300
[29] 郑庆钟, 李发明, 朱淑娟, 刘淑娟, 刘克彪, 万翔. 不同处理对沙生针茅种子萌发的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(1): 63-71
[30] 陈花, 王建武, 王建军, 王富刚. 外源NO对盐胁迫下沙打旺种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2017, 34(7): 1459-1568
[31] 包奇军, 柳小宁, 张华瑜, 徐银萍, 火克仓, 武卫国, 潘永东. 不同盐胁迫对啤酒大麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 大麦与谷类科学, 2015, 4: 1-6
[32] Kopyra E A. Nitric oxide stimulates seed germination and counteracts the inhibitory effect of heavy metals and salinity on root growth of Lupinus luteus [J]. Physiology and Biochemistry, 2003, 41: 1011 - 1017
[33] 张茜, 康西路, 顾文哲, 王晓丹, 孙红春, 李存东, 刘连涛. 外源一氧化氮对干旱和盐胁迫下棉种萌发的影响[J]. 中国棉花, 2016, 43(12): 11-15,20
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[2] Guzman-Murillo M A, Ascencio F, Larrinaga-Mayoral J A. Germination and ROS detoxification in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under NaCl stress and treatment with microalgae extracts [J]. Protoplasma, 2013, 250 (1): 33-42
[3] 弋钦, 魏小红, 强旭, 赵颖, 丁春发. NO介导的Ca2+信号在干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发几抗氧化酶中的传导作用研究[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(11): 57-65
[4] 张倩倩, 贾慧, 贺学勤, 蒙美莲. 硝普钠对干旱、复水循环状态下不同马铃薯品种光合特性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2017, 31(11): 2221-2228
[5] Xu L L, Fan Y J, Kong J, Bai X Y. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid and nitric oxide on physiological characteristics of two peanut cultivars under cadmium stress [J]. Biologia Plantarum, 2015, 59(1): 171-182
[6] Arasimowicz M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J. Nitric oxide as a bioactive signaling molecule in plant stress responses [J]. Plant Science, 2007, 172(2): 876-887
[7] Lamattina L, Garcia-Mata C, Graziano M, Pagnussat G. Nitric oxide: the versatility of an extensive signal molecule [J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2003, 54: 109-136
[8] Bright J, Desikan R, Hancock J T, Weir Ⅰ S, Neill S J. ABA-induced NO generation and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis are dependent on H2O2 synthesis[J]. Plant Journal, 2006, 45:113-122
[9] Pedroso M C, Durzan D J. Effect of different gravity environments of DNA fragmentation and cell death in Kalanchoe leaves[J]. Annals of Botany, 2000, 86: 983-994
[10] Zhao L, He J X, Wang X M, Zhang L X. Nitric oxide protects against polyethylene glycol-induced oxidative damage in two ecotypes of reed suspension cultures [J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2008, 165: 182-191
[11] Song L L, Ding W, Zhao M G, Sun B T, Zhang L X. Nitric oxide protects against oxidative stress under heat stress in the calluses from two ecotypes of reed [J]. Plant Science, 2006, 171: 449-458
[12] Lopez-Carrion A Ⅰ, Castellano R, Rosales M A, Ruiz J M, Romero L. Role of nitric oxide under saline stress: implications on proline metabolism [J]. Biologia Plantarum, 2008, 52: 587-591
[13] Singh H P, Batish D R, Kaur G, Arora K, Kohli R K. Nitric oxide (as sodium nitroprusside) supplementation ameliorates Cd toxicity in hydroponically grown wheat roots [J]. Environmental and experimental of Botany, 2008, 63: 158-167
[14] 刘开力, 韩航如, 徐颖洁, 凌腾芳, 刘志兵, 孙永刚, 花榕. 外源一氧化氮对盐胁迫下水稻根部脂质过氧化的缓解作用[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(4): 333- 337
[15] Kong X Q, Wang T, Li W J, Tang W, Zhang D M, Dong H Z. Exogenous nitric oxide delays salt-induced leaf senescence in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) [J]. Acta Physiology Plant, 2016, 38 (61): 1-9
[16] 薛盈文, 王玉凤, 杨克军, 于立河. 外源NO对NaCl胁迫下玉米幼苗生长和渗透调节能力的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2016, 34(2): 171-176, 200
[17] 时振振, 李胜, 杨柯, 马绍英, 刘会杰, 张品南, 杨晓明. 盐胁迫下豌豆幼苗对内外源NO的生理生化响应[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(5): 193- 200
[18] 刘文瑜, 杨宏伟, 魏小红, 刘博, 王高强, 吴伟涛. 外源NO调控盐胁迫下蒺藜苜蓿种子萌发生理特性几抗氧化酶的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(2): 85-95
[19] 黎大爵. 亟待开发的甜高粱酒精燃料[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2003, 5(4): 48-51
[20] 崔宏亮, 姚庆, 李利民, 苗昊翠. PEG模拟干旱胁迫下花生品种萌发特性与抗旱性评价[J]. 核农学报, 2017, 31(7): 1412-1418
[21] 刘文瑜, 杨发荣, 黄杰, 魏玉明, 金茜. NaCl胁迫对藜麦幼苗生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2017, 37(9): 1797-1804
[22] 邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000
[23] 张志良,翟伟箐.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京: 高等教育出版社,2003
[24] Huang X S, Liu J H, Chen X J. Overexpression of PtrABF gene, a bZIP transcription factor isolated from Poncirus trifoliata, enhances dehydration and drought tolerance in tobacco via scavenging ROS and modulating expression of stress-responsive genes [J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2010, 10: 230
[25] Shi S, Fu X Z, Peng T, Huang X S, Fan Q J, Liu J H. Spermine pretreatment confers dehydration tolerance of citrus in vitro plants via modulation of antioxidative capacity and stomatal response [J]. Tree Physiology, 2010, 30: 914-922
[26] 李小方,张志良. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2016
[27] 李惠华,赖钟雄. 龙眼体胚发生过程中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的变化[J]. 亚热带植物科学,2006,35(3):9-11
[28] 戴海芳, 武辉, 阿曼古丽·买买提阿力, 王立红, 买买提·阿皮孜, 张巨松. 不同基因型棉花苗期耐盐性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(7): 1290-1300
[29] 郑庆钟, 李发明, 朱淑娟, 刘淑娟, 刘克彪, 万翔. 不同处理对沙生针茅种子萌发的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(1): 63-71
[30] 陈花, 王建武, 王建军, 王富刚. 外源NO对盐胁迫下沙打旺种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2017, 34(7): 1459-1568
[31] 包奇军, 柳小宁, 张华瑜, 徐银萍, 火克仓, 武卫国, 潘永东. 不同盐胁迫对啤酒大麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 大麦与谷类科学, 2015, 4: 1-6
[32] Kopyra E A. Nitric oxide stimulates seed germination and counteracts the inhibitory effect of heavy metals and salinity on root growth of Lupinus luteus [J]. Physiology and Biochemistry, 2003, 41: 1011 - 1017
[33] 张茜, 康西路, 顾文哲, 王晓丹, 孙红春, 李存东, 刘连涛. 外源一氧化氮对干旱和盐胁迫下棉种萌发的影响[J]. 中国棉花, 2016, 43(12): 11-15,20
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