西湖凹陷中北部花港组物源及沉积相分析
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摘要
西湖凹陷中北部地区面积广,井点和取心数量少,导致花港组物源和沉积相类型认识存在争议。根据砾石成分、岩屑类型、石英阴极发光特征和重矿物组合类型,判断研究区母岩的主要岩石类型;根据重矿物ZTR指数,判断沉积物搬运距离;根据倾角测井和地震前积反射结构特征,推断古水流方向;根据泥岩颜色、泥砾特征、层理类型、粒度概率累积曲线和岩石类型等相标志,判断沉积相类型。结果表明:研究区花港组物源主要来自北部的虎皮礁凸起,局部有东部钓鱼岛隆褶带物源的混入;发育辫状河三角洲前缘亚相,包括水下分流河道、河口坝和水下分流间湾3种微相类型,其中以水下分流河道微相为主。该结果可以为西湖凹陷中北部地区勘探和开发提供指导。
For its large area,the study of Xihu sag is limited by the sparse well webs and little core data,which has caused controversy over the source and sedimentary facies of the Huagang formation.In view of the above issues,the provenance of the Huagang formation in the central north of Xihu sag were inferred from gravel composition,type of rock fragments,quartz cathodoluminescence characteristics,heavy mineral composition type,ZTR index,dip logging and pre-seismic product reflection mechanism.Based on the investigation of the overall sedimentary background of Huagang formation in Xihu sag and analysis of facies marks,containing mudstone color,mudstone characteristics,bedding type,grain size cumulative curve and rock type,the type of sedimentary facies was clearly identified through core observations.On the basis of source identification and the classification of sedimentary facies type,the combination of wells and earthquakes was used to characterize the distribution of sedimentary facies.It is concluded that the provenance of the Huagang formation was mainly from the Hupijiao reef in thenorth,where was a mixture of source materials from Diaoyu island in the east.It was braided river delta frontal subfacies,including underwater distributary channel,underwater subvolcanic bay,and estuary dam,among which submarine distributary channel microfacies dominated.
For its large area,the study of Xihu sag is limited by the sparse well webs and little core data,which has caused controversy over the source and sedimentary facies of the Huagang formation.In view of the above issues,the provenance of the Huagang formation in the central north of Xihu sag were inferred from gravel composition,type of rock fragments,quartz cathodoluminescence characteristics,heavy mineral composition type,ZTR index,dip logging and pre-seismic product reflection mechanism.Based on the investigation of the overall sedimentary background of Huagang formation in Xihu sag and analysis of facies marks,containing mudstone color,mudstone characteristics,bedding type,grain size cumulative curve and rock type,the type of sedimentary facies was clearly identified through core observations.On the basis of source identification and the classification of sedimentary facies type,the combination of wells and earthquakes was used to characterize the distribution of sedimentary facies.It is concluded that the provenance of the Huagang formation was mainly from the Hupijiao reef in thenorth,where was a mixture of source materials from Diaoyu island in the east.It was braided river delta frontal subfacies,including underwater distributary channel,underwater subvolcanic bay,and estuary dam,among which submarine distributary channel microfacies dominated.
引文
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[3]秦兰芝,刘金水,李帅,等.东海西湖凹陷中央反转带花港组锆石特征及物源指示意义[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):498-504.Qin Lanzhi,Liu Jinshui,Li Shuai,et al.Characteristics of zircon in the Huagang formation of the ccentral inversion zone of Xihu sag and its provenance indication[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2017,39(4):498-504.
[4]万延周,张年念.东海盆地西湖凹陷花港组物源分析[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2016,13(35):24-27.Wan Yanzhou,Zhang Niannian.Analysis on provenance in Huagang formation of Xihu depression in the east China Sea basin[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2016,13(35):24-27.
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[8]陈琳琳,李昆,肖剑南.西湖凹陷渐新统花港组体系域分析及地层对比意义[J].复杂油气藏,2016,9(3):5-9.Chen Linlin,Li Kun,Xiao Jiannan.System tract analysis and stratigraphic correlation of Oligocene Huagang formation in Xihu sag[J].Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,2016,9(3):5-9.
[9]于兴河,李顺利,曹冰,等.西湖凹陷渐新世层序地层格架与沉积充填响应[J].沉积学报,2017,35(2):299-314.Yu Xinghe,Li Shunli,Cao Bing,et al.Oligocene sequence framework and depositional response in the Xihu depression,east China Sea shelf basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2017,35(2):299-314.
[10]张建培,余逸凡,张田,等.东海西湖凹陷深盆气勘探前景探讨[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(2):24-29.Zhang Jianpei,Yu Yifan,Zhang Tian,et al.A discussion on the exploration potential of deep basin gas in Xihu sag,east China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil&Gas,2013,25(2):24-29.
[11]张国华,张建培.东海陆架盆地构造反转特征及成因机制探讨[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):260-270.Zhang Guohua,Zhang Jianpei.A discussion on the tectonic inversion and its genetic mechanism in the east China Sea shelf basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):260-270.
[12]张建培,张田,唐贤君.东海陆架盆地类型及其形成的动力学环境[J].地质学报,2014,88(11):2033-2043.Zhang Jianpei,Zhang Tian,Tang Xianjun.Basin type and dynamic environment in the east China Sea shelf basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(11):2033-2043.
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[14]赵红格,刘池洋.物源分析方法及研究进展[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):409-415.Zhao Hongge,Liu Chiyang.Approaches and prospects of provenance analysis[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):409-415.
[15]徐亚军,杜远生,杨江海.沉积物物源分析研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(3):26-32.Xu Yajun,Du Yuansheng,Yang Jianghai.Prospects of sediment provenance analysis[J].Geological Science&Technology Information,2007,26(3):26-32.
[16]杨仁超,李进步,樊爱萍,等.陆源沉积岩物源分析研究进展与发展趋势[J].沉积学报,2013,31(1):99-107.Yang Renchao,Li Jinbu,Fan Aiping,et al.Research progress and development tendency of provenance analysis on terrigenous sedimentary rocks[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(1):99-107.
[17]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
[18]郝乐伟,刘畅,王琪,等.西湖凹陷古近系花港组物源区特征分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(2):315-323.Hao Lewei,Liu Chang,Wang Qi,et al.Provenance characteristics of Huagang formation(Paleogene)in Xihu sag,east China Sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(2):315-323.
[19]张瑞雪,杨少春,张瑞香,等.辫状河三角洲前缘沉积微相与含油性关系——以欢喜岭油田锦99块杜家台油层为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(5):78-85.Zhang Ruixue,Yang Shaochun,Zhang Ruixiang,et al.Relationship between sedimentary microfacies and oil-bearing characteristic of braided-river delta front:In the case of Dujiatai oil reservoir in Jin99block of Huanxiling oilfield[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(5):78-85.
[20]刘自亮,王多云,王峰,等.陕甘宁盆地西峰油田主要产层储油砂体沉积微相组合及特征[J].沉积学报,2005,23(2):248-254.Liu Ziliang,Wang Duoyun,Wang Feng,et al.The microfacies combination and characteristic of main sandbodies in Xifeng oilfield,Shan-Gan-Ning basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(2):248-254.
[21]张雁,张兆虹,刘丽.席状砂储层内部微观剩余油分布及影响因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(4):97-100.Zhang Yan,Zhang Zhaohong,Liu Li.The distribution and influencing factors of microscopic remaining oil in sand sheet reser-voirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(4):97-100.
[22]高阳,于兴河,黄丁杰,等.准噶尔盆地红山嘴地区克拉玛依组辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(4):35-44.Gao Yang,Yu Xinghe,Huang Dingjie,et al.Depositional characteristics of braided-river delta in Karamay formation of Hongshanzui area,Junggar basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(4):35-44.
[23]张广权,郭书元,张守成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田下石盒子组一段沉积相分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2017,41(2):54-61.Zhang Guangquan,Guo Shuyuan,Zhang Shoucheng,et al.Analysis of sedimentary facies the 1st member of lower-Shihezi formation in Daniudi gas field,Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(2):54-61.
[24]赵荣,李天仁,周围.葡浅12区块黑帝庙油层黑Ⅰ砂组沉积微相研究[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(1):16-20.Zhao Rong,Li Tianren,Zhou Wei.Study on sedimentary microfacies of the HeiⅠsand unit in the Puqian 12block[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(1):16-20.
[2]徐艳霞,胡明毅,梁建设,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷渐新统花港组物源分析[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(5):176-179.Xu Yanxia,Hu Mingyi,Liang Jianshe,et al.Sedimentary provenance analysis of Oligocene Huagang formation in Xihu sag of east China Sea basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(5):176-179.
[3]秦兰芝,刘金水,李帅,等.东海西湖凹陷中央反转带花港组锆石特征及物源指示意义[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):498-504.Qin Lanzhi,Liu Jinshui,Li Shuai,et al.Characteristics of zircon in the Huagang formation of the ccentral inversion zone of Xihu sag and its provenance indication[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2017,39(4):498-504.
[4]万延周,张年念.东海盆地西湖凹陷花港组物源分析[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2016,13(35):24-27.Wan Yanzhou,Zhang Niannian.Analysis on provenance in Huagang formation of Xihu depression in the east China Sea basin[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2016,13(35):24-27.
[5]王丽顺,陈琳琳.东海西湖凹陷下第三系层序地层学分析[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1994,13(3):33-42.Wang Lishun,Chen Linlin.Sequence stratigraphic analysis of Eogene system,Xihu sag,east China Sea[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1994,13(3):33-42.
[6]胡明毅,柯岭,梁建设.西湖凹陷花港组沉积相特征及相模式[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(5):1-5.Hu Mingyi,Ke Ling,Liang Jianshe.The characteristics and pattern of sedimentary facies of Huagang formation in Xihu depression[J].Journal of Oil&Gas Technology,2010,32(5):1-5.
[7]刘金水,曹冰,徐志星,等.西湖凹陷某构造花港组沉积相及致密砂岩储层特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,39(2):130-136.Liu Jinshui,Cao Bing,Xu Zhixing,et al.Sedimentary facies and the characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs of Huagang formation in Xihu depression,east China Sea basin[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Natural Science Edition,2012,39(2):130-136.
[8]陈琳琳,李昆,肖剑南.西湖凹陷渐新统花港组体系域分析及地层对比意义[J].复杂油气藏,2016,9(3):5-9.Chen Linlin,Li Kun,Xiao Jiannan.System tract analysis and stratigraphic correlation of Oligocene Huagang formation in Xihu sag[J].Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,2016,9(3):5-9.
[9]于兴河,李顺利,曹冰,等.西湖凹陷渐新世层序地层格架与沉积充填响应[J].沉积学报,2017,35(2):299-314.Yu Xinghe,Li Shunli,Cao Bing,et al.Oligocene sequence framework and depositional response in the Xihu depression,east China Sea shelf basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2017,35(2):299-314.
[10]张建培,余逸凡,张田,等.东海西湖凹陷深盆气勘探前景探讨[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(2):24-29.Zhang Jianpei,Yu Yifan,Zhang Tian,et al.A discussion on the exploration potential of deep basin gas in Xihu sag,east China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil&Gas,2013,25(2):24-29.
[11]张国华,张建培.东海陆架盆地构造反转特征及成因机制探讨[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):260-270.Zhang Guohua,Zhang Jianpei.A discussion on the tectonic inversion and its genetic mechanism in the east China Sea shelf basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):260-270.
[12]张建培,张田,唐贤君.东海陆架盆地类型及其形成的动力学环境[J].地质学报,2014,88(11):2033-2043.Zhang Jianpei,Zhang Tian,Tang Xianjun.Basin type and dynamic environment in the east China Sea shelf basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(11):2033-2043.
[13]颜文涛.东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷渐新统花港组沉积相分析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2007.Yan Wentao.Analysis of sedimentary facies on the Huagang formation of the Oligocene in the Xihu sag of the east China Sea shelf basin[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2007.
[14]赵红格,刘池洋.物源分析方法及研究进展[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):409-415.Zhao Hongge,Liu Chiyang.Approaches and prospects of provenance analysis[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):409-415.
[15]徐亚军,杜远生,杨江海.沉积物物源分析研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(3):26-32.Xu Yajun,Du Yuansheng,Yang Jianghai.Prospects of sediment provenance analysis[J].Geological Science&Technology Information,2007,26(3):26-32.
[16]杨仁超,李进步,樊爱萍,等.陆源沉积岩物源分析研究进展与发展趋势[J].沉积学报,2013,31(1):99-107.Yang Renchao,Li Jinbu,Fan Aiping,et al.Research progress and development tendency of provenance analysis on terrigenous sedimentary rocks[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(1):99-107.
[17]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
[18]郝乐伟,刘畅,王琪,等.西湖凹陷古近系花港组物源区特征分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(2):315-323.Hao Lewei,Liu Chang,Wang Qi,et al.Provenance characteristics of Huagang formation(Paleogene)in Xihu sag,east China Sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(2):315-323.
[19]张瑞雪,杨少春,张瑞香,等.辫状河三角洲前缘沉积微相与含油性关系——以欢喜岭油田锦99块杜家台油层为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(5):78-85.Zhang Ruixue,Yang Shaochun,Zhang Ruixiang,et al.Relationship between sedimentary microfacies and oil-bearing characteristic of braided-river delta front:In the case of Dujiatai oil reservoir in Jin99block of Huanxiling oilfield[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(5):78-85.
[20]刘自亮,王多云,王峰,等.陕甘宁盆地西峰油田主要产层储油砂体沉积微相组合及特征[J].沉积学报,2005,23(2):248-254.Liu Ziliang,Wang Duoyun,Wang Feng,et al.The microfacies combination and characteristic of main sandbodies in Xifeng oilfield,Shan-Gan-Ning basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(2):248-254.
[21]张雁,张兆虹,刘丽.席状砂储层内部微观剩余油分布及影响因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(4):97-100.Zhang Yan,Zhang Zhaohong,Liu Li.The distribution and influencing factors of microscopic remaining oil in sand sheet reser-voirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(4):97-100.
[22]高阳,于兴河,黄丁杰,等.准噶尔盆地红山嘴地区克拉玛依组辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(4):35-44.Gao Yang,Yu Xinghe,Huang Dingjie,et al.Depositional characteristics of braided-river delta in Karamay formation of Hongshanzui area,Junggar basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(4):35-44.
[23]张广权,郭书元,张守成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田下石盒子组一段沉积相分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2017,41(2):54-61.Zhang Guangquan,Guo Shuyuan,Zhang Shoucheng,et al.Analysis of sedimentary facies the 1st member of lower-Shihezi formation in Daniudi gas field,Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(2):54-61.
[24]赵荣,李天仁,周围.葡浅12区块黑帝庙油层黑Ⅰ砂组沉积微相研究[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(1):16-20.Zhao Rong,Li Tianren,Zhou Wei.Study on sedimentary microfacies of the HeiⅠsand unit in the Puqian 12block[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(1):16-20.