7种拌种剂对花生病害的防治效果及花生产量的影响
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摘要
为评价不同拌种剂对花生病害的防治效果及对花生产量的影响,以花生"泉花551"为试验材料,通过开展多菌灵、噻呋酰胺、啶氧菌酯、戊唑醇、醚菌酯、百菌清、农用链霉素等7种拌种剂对花生的拌种试验,测定并统计花生的出苗率、成苗率、发病率、发病指数及产量等指标,评价不同拌种剂对花生病害的防治效果。结果表明:戊唑醇、醚菌酯、百菌清处理的花生出苗率和成苗率均高于空白对照,且对花生叶斑病的发生有较好的控制效果,其中以醚菌酯处理的出苗率和成苗率最高,防控效果最好;噻呋酰胺、戊唑醇处理对花生锈病的发生有较好的控制效果;百菌清处理对花生的增产效果较好。试验结果为开发并筛选出安全高效环保型的花生拌种剂提供了理论和实践指导,提高了花生生产的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different seed dressing agents on peanut yield and diseases. Using peanut Quanhua 551 as test material,seven different seed dressing agents: carbendazim,thiafuramide,oxypoxystrobin,tebuconazole,kresoxim-methyl,chlorothalonil,and agricultural streptomycin,were selected for the experiments. The emergence rate,seedling formation rate,incidence rate,incidence index,and yield of peanuts were investigated to assess the effect of different seed dressing agents on peanut. The results showed that the emergence rate and seedling formation rate of peanuts treated with tebuconazole,kresoxim-methyl,and chlorothalonil were higher than those of the blank control,and had good control efficiency of peanut leaf spot disease. The emergence rate and seedling formation rate of peanuts treated with kresoxim-methyl were the highest,and the disease control efficiency of this agent was the best. Treatment with thiazolamide and tebuconazole showed better control of the flower rust disease;however,the efficiency of chlorothalonil treatment on peanut yield was better. The test results provide theoretical and practical guidelines for the development and screening of safe,efficient,and environment-friendly peanut seed dressing agents,which may enhance the economic,ecological,and social benefits of peanut production.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different seed dressing agents on peanut yield and diseases. Using peanut Quanhua 551 as test material,seven different seed dressing agents: carbendazim,thiafuramide,oxypoxystrobin,tebuconazole,kresoxim-methyl,chlorothalonil,and agricultural streptomycin,were selected for the experiments. The emergence rate,seedling formation rate,incidence rate,incidence index,and yield of peanuts were investigated to assess the effect of different seed dressing agents on peanut. The results showed that the emergence rate and seedling formation rate of peanuts treated with tebuconazole,kresoxim-methyl,and chlorothalonil were higher than those of the blank control,and had good control efficiency of peanut leaf spot disease. The emergence rate and seedling formation rate of peanuts treated with kresoxim-methyl were the highest,and the disease control efficiency of this agent was the best. Treatment with thiazolamide and tebuconazole showed better control of the flower rust disease;however,the efficiency of chlorothalonil treatment on peanut yield was better. The test results provide theoretical and practical guidelines for the development and screening of safe,efficient,and environment-friendly peanut seed dressing agents,which may enhance the economic,ecological,and social benefits of peanut production.
引文
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颜景波,吴占鹏,苏君伟,等,2013.花生叶部病害防治技术研究[J].农业科技通讯(3):123-125.
张廷光,王达群,严洪,等,2015.秸秆还田化肥减量对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响叨[J].耕作与栽培(6):38-40.
赵婷婷,焦庆,蒋莹,等,2016.240g/L噻呋酰胺悬浮剂拌种对花生病害的防效及对花生产量的影响[J].安徽农业学报,44(27):148-150.
赵向阳,谢吉先,王书勤,2015.杜邦阿砣拌种对花生病害的防治效果[J].安徽农业学报,43(15):137-138.
葛洪滨,刘宗发,曾细华,等,2013.不同拌种剂对连作花生病害发生及产量的影响[J],江西农业学报,25(5):64-65.
李晓,宫清轩,鞠倩,2011.新型低毒杀虫剂防治花生地下害虫初步研究[J].江西农业学报,23(5):94-96.
雷竹光,2017.水稻化肥减量施用效果研究[J].现代农业科技(1):5-6.
孟宪敏,2014.30%戊唑醇悬浮剂对花生叶斑病的防治效果及其对花生产量的影响[J].科学种养(3):36.
王才斌,孙秀山,成波,等,2005.不同杀菌剂对花生叶斑病的防效及公害研究[J].中国油料作物学报,27(4):72-75.
王让康,张明刚,2015.油菜秸秆腐熟还田种水稻化肥减量试验研究[J].农村经济与科技(7):52-53.
肖密,穆青,李林,等,2015.不同拌种剂对花生生长及发育的影响[J].山东农业科学(4):100-102.
许欣然,张新友,黄冰艳,等,2011.河南省局部地区花生白绢病暴发原因分析及其防治对策[J].河南农业科学,40(10):99-101.
颜景波,吴占鹏,苏君伟,等,2013.花生叶部病害防治技术研究[J].农业科技通讯(3):123-125.
张廷光,王达群,严洪,等,2015.秸秆还田化肥减量对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响叨[J].耕作与栽培(6):38-40.
赵婷婷,焦庆,蒋莹,等,2016.240g/L噻呋酰胺悬浮剂拌种对花生病害的防效及对花生产量的影响[J].安徽农业学报,44(27):148-150.
赵向阳,谢吉先,王书勤,2015.杜邦阿砣拌种对花生病害的防治效果[J].安徽农业学报,43(15):137-138.