马齿苋多糖对早期断奶大鼠生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究马齿苋多糖对早期断奶大鼠生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态的影响。选取30只SD断奶大鼠,随机分为3个组,每组10只。各组大鼠均饲喂相同的饲粮,Ⅰ组(对照组)大鼠灌胃2 mL生理盐水,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(试验组)大鼠分别按照100、200 mg/kg BW的剂量灌胃马齿苋多糖(溶于2 mL生理盐水),每日1次,连续28 d。结果显示:1)马齿苋多糖对断奶大鼠体重、平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI),血清尿素氮(UN)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性,回肠绒毛高度、结肠长度等指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组断奶大鼠血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量和谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)及结肠绒毛高度显著或极显著增加(P <0. 05或P <0.01)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组断奶大鼠血清中球蛋白(GLO)、总胆固醇(TC)含量及碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),料重比(F/G)及回肠隐窝深度显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果提示,马齿苋多糖可提升断奶大鼠血清相关代谢酶活性,增加血清中蛋白质、胆固醇和葡萄糖的含量,促进肠道绒毛发育,降低料重比,从而改善早期断奶大鼠的生长性能。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and intestinal morphology of early-weaned rats. A total of 30 SD early-weaned rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups with ten rats per group. Rats in the three groups were fed the same diet,and rats in group Ⅰ( control group) were given 2 mL normal saline by gavage once a day,while rats in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ( trial groups) were given polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.( dissolved in 2 mL normal saline) at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW by gavage once a day,respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. had no significant differences in the body weight,average daily gain( ADG),average daily intake( ADFI),serum biochemical indices such as urea nitrogen( UN),triglycerides( TG),low density lipoprotein( LDL) contents and glutamate pyruvic transaminase( GPT) activity,villus height of ileum and colon length( P>0. 05). 2) Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum biochemical indices such as total protein( TP),albumin( ALB),high density lipoprotein( HDL),glucose( GLU) contents and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase( GOT) activity in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly increased( P < 0.05 or P< 0.01),and the villus height/crypt depth( V/C) of ileum and villus height of colon in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly enhanced( P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum biochemical indices such as globulin( GLO),total cholesterol( TC) contents and alkaline phosphatase( AKP) activity in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly increased( P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the feed/gain( F/G) and crypt depth of ileum were significantly or extremely significantly decreased( P<0.05 or P<0.01).The results indicate that polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. can enhance the activities of relative metabolic enzymes and increase the contents of protein,cholesterol and glucose in serum,promote the development of intestinal villus,and reduce feed/gain with improving the growth performance of early-weaned rats.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and intestinal morphology of early-weaned rats. A total of 30 SD early-weaned rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups with ten rats per group. Rats in the three groups were fed the same diet,and rats in group Ⅰ( control group) were given 2 mL normal saline by gavage once a day,while rats in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ( trial groups) were given polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.( dissolved in 2 mL normal saline) at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW by gavage once a day,respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. had no significant differences in the body weight,average daily gain( ADG),average daily intake( ADFI),serum biochemical indices such as urea nitrogen( UN),triglycerides( TG),low density lipoprotein( LDL) contents and glutamate pyruvic transaminase( GPT) activity,villus height of ileum and colon length( P>0. 05). 2) Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum biochemical indices such as total protein( TP),albumin( ALB),high density lipoprotein( HDL),glucose( GLU) contents and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase( GOT) activity in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly increased( P < 0.05 or P< 0.01),and the villus height/crypt depth( V/C) of ileum and villus height of colon in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly enhanced( P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum biochemical indices such as globulin( GLO),total cholesterol( TC) contents and alkaline phosphatase( AKP) activity in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly increased( P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the feed/gain( F/G) and crypt depth of ileum were significantly or extremely significantly decreased( P<0.05 or P<0.01).The results indicate that polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. can enhance the activities of relative metabolic enzymes and increase the contents of protein,cholesterol and glucose in serum,promote the development of intestinal villus,and reduce feed/gain with improving the growth performance of early-weaned rats.
引文
[1]杨哲,肖根生,杨永生.马齿苋多糖的提取功效及其在畜禽饲料生产中的应用[J].湖南饲料,2012(4):19-20,15.
[2]高定付.马齿苋在1~4月龄猪中的应用[J].北京农业,2013(12):108.
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[5]吴荣昆,黄小流,刘美金,等.井冈山马齿苋多糖的体外抗氧化作用及总糖含量测定[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(2):102-106.
[6]梁彦,吕艳荣.马齿苋多糖的抗衰老作用[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(4):270-272.
[7]张海艳,郑玲.马齿苋多糖的提取及体外抗菌活性[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(5):413-415.
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[9]陶贵斌,何慧楠,李雪惠,等.马齿苋多糖体外免疫调节活性研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(17):176-179.
[10]牛广财,李世燕,朱丹,等.马齿苋多糖POPⅡ和POPⅢ的抗肿瘤及提高免疫力作用[J].食品科学,2017,38(3):201-205.
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[12]葛剑,杨翠军,孙茂红.马齿苋多糖对雏鸡生长性能、血液代谢激素和血脂的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(2):87-92.
[13]田丽新,崔玉铭,史彬林.低蛋白日粮对肉仔鸡血液生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(5):56-59.
[14]AKTAS O,ZIPP F.Regulation of self-reactive T Cells by human immunoglobulins-implications for multiple sclerosis therapy[J].Current Pharmaceutical Design,2003,9(3):245-256.
[15]郭翔.降胆固醇益生乳酸菌筛选及其功能机理的研究[D].博士学位论文.无锡:江南大学,2009:4-6.
[16]张诗岚,杜晓,刘玲.高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与高密度脂蛋白功能:孰是孰非?[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2017,25(1):90-94.
[17]郑有秀,王超,姚静宜,等.丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和肠道菌群的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2018,44(2):190-198.
[18]杨华,傅衍,陈安国.猪血液生化指标与生产性能的关系[J].国外畜牧科技,2001,28(1):34-37.
[19]颜陶,王思宇,杨小军,等.胡芦巴粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、免疫器官指数及血清抗氧化和生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3248-3257.
[20]黄小流,肖凤,王剑,等.低聚乳果糖粗品对断奶大鼠生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(13):321-324,329.
[21]金三俊,董佳琦,任红立,等.复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4477-4484.
[22]张媛,杨晨玉,韩亚楠,等.5-羟色胺对断奶腹泻仔鼠小肠组织学结构的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(2):80-86.
[23]李旋亮,李建涛,潘树德,等.发酵饲料对断奶仔猪肠道肠黏膜形态的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,35(4):38-41.
[2]高定付.马齿苋在1~4月龄猪中的应用[J].北京农业,2013(12):108.
[3]施仁波,王青炳,惠成军,等.马齿苋作哺乳母猪饲料添加剂的初试[J].中兽医学杂志,1998(1):3-4.
[4]蒋明琴,李进杰.马齿苋对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响试验[J].兽药与饲料添加剂,2009,14(1):15-16.
[5]吴荣昆,黄小流,刘美金,等.井冈山马齿苋多糖的体外抗氧化作用及总糖含量测定[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(2):102-106.
[6]梁彦,吕艳荣.马齿苋多糖的抗衰老作用[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(4):270-272.
[7]张海艳,郑玲.马齿苋多糖的提取及体外抗菌活性[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(5):413-415.
[8]DONG C X,HAYASHI K,LEE J B,et al.Characterization of structures and antiviral effects of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.[J].Chemical&Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2010,58(4):507-510.
[9]陶贵斌,何慧楠,李雪惠,等.马齿苋多糖体外免疫调节活性研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(17):176-179.
[10]牛广财,李世燕,朱丹,等.马齿苋多糖POPⅡ和POPⅢ的抗肿瘤及提高免疫力作用[J].食品科学,2017,38(3):201-205.
[11]李进杰,蒋明琴,王汝都,等.马齿苋多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].当代畜牧,2015(15):27-29.
[12]葛剑,杨翠军,孙茂红.马齿苋多糖对雏鸡生长性能、血液代谢激素和血脂的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(2):87-92.
[13]田丽新,崔玉铭,史彬林.低蛋白日粮对肉仔鸡血液生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(5):56-59.
[14]AKTAS O,ZIPP F.Regulation of self-reactive T Cells by human immunoglobulins-implications for multiple sclerosis therapy[J].Current Pharmaceutical Design,2003,9(3):245-256.
[15]郭翔.降胆固醇益生乳酸菌筛选及其功能机理的研究[D].博士学位论文.无锡:江南大学,2009:4-6.
[16]张诗岚,杜晓,刘玲.高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与高密度脂蛋白功能:孰是孰非?[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2017,25(1):90-94.
[17]郑有秀,王超,姚静宜,等.丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和肠道菌群的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2018,44(2):190-198.
[18]杨华,傅衍,陈安国.猪血液生化指标与生产性能的关系[J].国外畜牧科技,2001,28(1):34-37.
[19]颜陶,王思宇,杨小军,等.胡芦巴粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、免疫器官指数及血清抗氧化和生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3248-3257.
[20]黄小流,肖凤,王剑,等.低聚乳果糖粗品对断奶大鼠生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(13):321-324,329.
[21]金三俊,董佳琦,任红立,等.复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4477-4484.
[22]张媛,杨晨玉,韩亚楠,等.5-羟色胺对断奶腹泻仔鼠小肠组织学结构的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(2):80-86.
[23]李旋亮,李建涛,潘树德,等.发酵饲料对断奶仔猪肠道肠黏膜形态的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,35(4):38-41.