铁添加对喀斯特土壤中天蓝苜蓿生长及柠檬酸分泌的影响
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摘要
喀斯特土壤中铁亏缺常常发生,本研究通过添加FeCl_2和FeCl_3盐后,比较天蓝苜蓿柠檬酸代谢和生长的差异。结果表明:与对照相比,添加Fe Cl_2和FeCl_3后,增加了叶片数量,而单位叶面积干重和叶绿素无显著差异;光饱和点(light saturation point, LSP)、最大净光合速率(maximum net photosynthetic rate, Pmax)显著高于对照。对照处理叶片和根系分泌物中的柠檬酸含量显著高于FeCl_2和FeCl_3。特别地,FeCl_2处理的根际土中柠檬酸含量显著低于其他处理。XRD分析发现对照、FeCl_2和FeCl_3中铁离子的结晶度分别为24%、69%和81%。本研究结论初步表明:天蓝苜蓿在缺铁环境下根系分泌柠檬酸促进对Fe的吸收;同时,Fe2+铁盐对植物生理生长的影响优于Fe3+铁盐。
Iron deficiency is widespread in karst soils. A comparison of difference between citric acid metabolism and the growth of Medicago lupulina after application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3were undertaken. The results showed that application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3increased the number of leaves compared with the control, while the dry weight per unit leaf area(LMA) and the chlorophyll content were not significantly changed. The light saturation point(LSP)and maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax) with added Fe Cl_2 and Fe Cl_3 were significantly higher than those in the control. In contrast, the citric acid content in the leaf and root exudates in the control were significantly higher than those after application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3. In particular, the citric acid content in the rhizosphere soil after application of FeCl_2 was significantly lower that after other treatments. XRD analysis showed that the crystallinities of iron ions in the control, application of Fe CL2, and FeCl_3 groups were 24%, 69%, and 81%, respectively. The conclusions of this study initially indicated that the critic acid secreted from roots in an iron-deficient environment could promote Fe uptake. In addition, Fe2+showed more favorable effects on the growth of plants than Fe3+.
Iron deficiency is widespread in karst soils. A comparison of difference between citric acid metabolism and the growth of Medicago lupulina after application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3were undertaken. The results showed that application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3increased the number of leaves compared with the control, while the dry weight per unit leaf area(LMA) and the chlorophyll content were not significantly changed. The light saturation point(LSP)and maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax) with added Fe Cl_2 and Fe Cl_3 were significantly higher than those in the control. In contrast, the citric acid content in the leaf and root exudates in the control were significantly higher than those after application of FeCl_2 and FeCl_3. In particular, the citric acid content in the rhizosphere soil after application of FeCl_2 was significantly lower that after other treatments. XRD analysis showed that the crystallinities of iron ions in the control, application of Fe CL2, and FeCl_3 groups were 24%, 69%, and 81%, respectively. The conclusions of this study initially indicated that the critic acid secreted from roots in an iron-deficient environment could promote Fe uptake. In addition, Fe2+showed more favorable effects on the growth of plants than Fe3+.
引文
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Dakora F.D.,and Phillips D.A.,2002,Root exudates as mediators of mineral acquisition in low-nutrient environments,Plant and Soil,245(1):201-213
Dinkelaker B.,Rmheld V.,and Marschner H.,2010,Citric acid excretion and precipitation of calcium citrate in the rhizosphere of white lupin(Lupinus albus L.),Plant Cell Environ.,12(3):285-292
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Landsberg E.C.,1981,Organic acid synthesis and release of hydrogen ions in response to Fe deficiency stress of mono-and dicotyledonous plant species,J.Plant Nutr.,3(1):579-591
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Mori S.,1999 Iron acquisition by plants,Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,2(3):250-253
Ohwaki Y.,and Sugahara K.,1997,Active extrusion of protons and exudation of carboxylic acids in response to iron deficiency by roots of chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.),Plant.Soil.,189(1):49-55
Pestana M.,de Varennes A.,Abadía J.,and Faria E.A.,2005,Differential tolerance to iron deficiency of citrus rootstocks grown in nutrient solution,Sci.Hortic.,104(1):25-36
Rose M.T.,Rose T.J.,Pariascatanaka J.,and Wissuwa M.,2014,Revisiting the role of organic acids in the bicarbonate tolerance of zinc-efficient rice genotypes,Funct.Plant Biol.,38(6):493-504
Thomine S.,and Vert G.,2013,Iron transport in plants:better be safe than sorry,Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,16(3):322-327
Vos D.,Lubberding H.J.,and Bienfait H.F.,1986,Rhizosphere acidification as a response to iron deficiency in bean plants,Plant Physiol.,81(3):842-846
Wang Z.J.,Wang J.,Jiao X.Y.,Cheng Y.S.,Xu Z.D.,Ou Z.L.,Wu X.,and He Z.A.,2016,Effects of salt stress and exogenous calcium treatment on seed germination of salina,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(3):706-714(王占军,王静,焦小雨,陈延松,徐忠东,欧祖兰,吴席,何子昂,2016,盐胁迫及外源钙处理对盐肤木种子萌发的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,35(3):706-714)
Zelitch I.,1971,Photosynthesis,photorespiration and plant productivity,Quarterly Review of Biology,1971:301-337
Zhang X.M.,Hao L.L.,Hong K.,and Yi Y.,2014,Growth,dendrobine and photosynthetic characteristics of Dendrobium nobile under different solar irradiances,Plant Omics,7(6):461-467
Boulard E.,Menguy N.,Auzende A.L.,enzerara K.,Bureau H.,and Antonangeli G.F.,2012,Experimental investigation of the stability of Fe-rich carbonates in the lower mantle,Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,117(B2):259-262
Briat J.F.,Dubos C.,and Gaymard F.,2015,Iron nutrition,biomass production,and plant product quality,Trends Plant Sci.,20(1):33-40
Carvalhais L.C.,Dennis P.G.,Fedoseyenko D.,Hajirezaei M.R.,Borriss R.,and von Wirén N.,2011,Root exudation of sugars,amino acids,and organic acids by maize as affected by nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and iron deficiency,J.Plant Nutr.Soil.Sci.,176(4):3-11
Dakora F.D.,and Phillips D.A.,2002,Root exudates as mediators of mineral acquisition in low-nutrient environments,Plant and Soil,245(1):201-213
Dinkelaker B.,Rmheld V.,and Marschner H.,2010,Citric acid excretion and precipitation of calcium citrate in the rhizosphere of white lupin(Lupinus albus L.),Plant Cell Environ.,12(3):285-292
Garcia J.,Barker D.G.,and Journet E.,2006,Seed storage and germination,In:MathesiusU.,Journet E.P.,and Sumner L.W.(eds.),Medicago truncatula handbook,Paris,France,pp.1-9
Ghasemi F.R.,Ronaghi A.,Maftoun M.,Karimian N.,and Soltanpour P.,2002,Influence of FeEDDHA on iron-manganese interaction in soybean genotypes in a calcareous soil,J.Plant Nutr.,26(9):1815-1823
Granick S.,1961,Magnesium protoporphyrin monoester and protoporphyrin monomethyl ester in chlorophyll biosynthesis,J.Biol.Chem.,236(4):1168-1172
Graziano M.,and Lamattina L.,2007,Nitric oxide accumulation is required for molecular and physiological responses to iron deficiency in tomato roots,Plant J.,52(5):949-960
Guerinot M.L.,1994,Microbial iron transport,Annu.Rev.Microbiol,48(48):743-772
Hadi M.R.,Taheri R.,and Balali G.R.,2015,Effects of iron and zinc fertilizers on the accumulation of Fe and Fe and Zn potato tubers,J.Plant Nutr.,38(2):202-211
Ishimaru Y.,Suzuki M.,Tsukamoto T.,Suzuki K.,Nakazono M.,Kobayashi T.,and Takahashi M.,2010,Rice plants take up iron as an Fe3+-phytosiderophore and as Fe2+,Plant J.,45(3):335-346
Landsberg E.C.,1981,Organic acid synthesis and release of hydrogen ions in response to Fe deficiency stress of mono-and dicotyledonous plant species,J.Plant Nutr.,3(1):579-591
Marsh H.V.,Evans H.J.,and Matrone G.,1963,Investigations of the role of iron in chlorophyll metabolism.II.effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll synthesis,Plant Physiol.,38(6):638
Mcgeorge T.W.,1949,Lime-induced chlorosis:relation between active iron and citric and oxalic acids,Soil Sci.,68(5):381-390
Mimmo T.,Del B.D.,Terzano R.,Tomasi N.,Vigani G.,Crecchio C.,Pinton R.,Zocchi G.,and Cesco S.,2015,Rhizospheric organic compounds in the soil-microorganism-plant system:their role in iron availability,Eur.J.Soil.Sci.,65(5):629-642
Mori S.,1999 Iron acquisition by plants,Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,2(3):250-253
Ohwaki Y.,and Sugahara K.,1997,Active extrusion of protons and exudation of carboxylic acids in response to iron deficiency by roots of chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.),Plant.Soil.,189(1):49-55
Pestana M.,de Varennes A.,Abadía J.,and Faria E.A.,2005,Differential tolerance to iron deficiency of citrus rootstocks grown in nutrient solution,Sci.Hortic.,104(1):25-36
Rose M.T.,Rose T.J.,Pariascatanaka J.,and Wissuwa M.,2014,Revisiting the role of organic acids in the bicarbonate tolerance of zinc-efficient rice genotypes,Funct.Plant Biol.,38(6):493-504
Thomine S.,and Vert G.,2013,Iron transport in plants:better be safe than sorry,Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,16(3):322-327
Vos D.,Lubberding H.J.,and Bienfait H.F.,1986,Rhizosphere acidification as a response to iron deficiency in bean plants,Plant Physiol.,81(3):842-846
Wang Z.J.,Wang J.,Jiao X.Y.,Cheng Y.S.,Xu Z.D.,Ou Z.L.,Wu X.,and He Z.A.,2016,Effects of salt stress and exogenous calcium treatment on seed germination of salina,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(3):706-714(王占军,王静,焦小雨,陈延松,徐忠东,欧祖兰,吴席,何子昂,2016,盐胁迫及外源钙处理对盐肤木种子萌发的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,35(3):706-714)
Zelitch I.,1971,Photosynthesis,photorespiration and plant productivity,Quarterly Review of Biology,1971:301-337
Zhang X.M.,Hao L.L.,Hong K.,and Yi Y.,2014,Growth,dendrobine and photosynthetic characteristics of Dendrobium nobile under different solar irradiances,Plant Omics,7(6):461-467