钙质土中重力串锚水平承载力特性有限元研究
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摘要
目前没有规范给出串锚的水平承载力计算公式,为了利用有限元法研究串锚水平承载力特性,采用相关理论计算以及室内试验的方法来验证有限元法模拟计算的可靠性。实践证明,有限元法具有较高的计算精度。利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了串锚-土体模型,模拟串锚在水平荷载作用下破坏过程,研究了串锚在水平荷载作用下破坏机理,从而得到了串锚水平承载力特性。在相同的工况条件下,串锚的水平承载力与其锚链长度有关,在一定范围内,增加锚链的长度可以提高串锚的水平承载力;串锚的水平承载力不是相应的单个锚的水平承载力相加,其水平承载力小于相应的单个锚水平承载力之和,在进行串锚水平承载力设计计算时应给与相应的考虑。
There is no calculation formula of horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors in any technical code at present.In order to study the characteristics of the horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors by finite element method(FEM),theoretical calculation and laboratory test methods are used to verify the reliability of FEM.Results show that the FEM has higher calculation accuracy.A multiple gravity anchors-soil model is created with finite element software ABAQUS and its failure process under the horizontal loading is simulated.The mechanism of horizontal bearing capacity of gravity anchors is studied at same time.Research results indicate that under the same working condition,the horizontal bear capacity of multiple gravity anchors relates to its length of anchor chain and increases with its length increasing within a certain length.Horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors is less than the sum of calculated value of corresponding single anchor's.The characteristics of horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors should be considered when design and calculate its horizontal bearing capacity.
There is no calculation formula of horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors in any technical code at present.In order to study the characteristics of the horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors by finite element method(FEM),theoretical calculation and laboratory test methods are used to verify the reliability of FEM.Results show that the FEM has higher calculation accuracy.A multiple gravity anchors-soil model is created with finite element software ABAQUS and its failure process under the horizontal loading is simulated.The mechanism of horizontal bearing capacity of gravity anchors is studied at same time.Research results indicate that under the same working condition,the horizontal bear capacity of multiple gravity anchors relates to its length of anchor chain and increases with its length increasing within a certain length.Horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors is less than the sum of calculated value of corresponding single anchor's.The characteristics of horizontal bearing capacity of multiple gravity anchors should be considered when design and calculate its horizontal bearing capacity.
引文
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[2]Bartholomew C A.US Navy Salvage Engineer’s Handbook[M].USA:US Navy,1992:G1-G36.
[3]Taylor R.Interaction of Anchors With Soil and Anchor Design[R].[s.l.]:Naval Civil Engineering Lab Port Hueneme Ca,1982.
[4]Harris R E,Johanning L,Wolfram J.Mooring systems for wave energy converters:A review of design issues and choices[J].Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment,2006,22(12):159-174,
[5]Taylor R,True D,Amold F.Anchoring and mooring considerations for an OTEC pilot plant[C].OCEANS′10,2010.Sydney:IEEE,2010:1-8.
[6]Michael S G.Determining Anchoring Systems for Marine Renewable Energy Devices Moored in a Western Boundary Current[D].Florida:The College of Engineering and Computer Science,Atlantic University,2011.
[7]Jim B Petersen,Chellakat Satyaraj Joe-Joe.GRAVITY AN-CHOR:US,8,181,589B2[P/OL].2011-04-28.
[8]Ben U,Horvitz G,Riley B,et al.Geotechnical design:Deep water pontoon mooring anchors[C].Proceedings Ports 2013:Success Through Diversification.USA:ASCE,2013:1087-1096.
[9]李怀亮,黄山田,王晓飞,等.重力锚水平承载力特性的有限元分析[J].中国港湾建设,2016,36(1):6-9.Li Huailiang,Huang Shantian,Wang Xiaofei,et al.Finite element analysis on horizontal bear capacity characteristic of gravity anchor[J].China Harbour Engineering,2016,36(1):6-9.
[10]李建国,汪稔,虞海珍,等.初始主应力方向对钙质砂动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(5):723-727.Li Jianguo,Wang Ren,Yu Haizhen,et al.Experi-mental research on effect of initial principal stress orientation on dynamic properties of calcareous sand[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(5):723-727.
[11]张家铭.钙质砂基本力学性质及颗粒破碎影响研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2004.Zhang Jia-ming.Study on the Fundamental Mechanical Characteristics of Calcareous Sand and the Influence of Particle Breakage[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock&Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences,P.R.China,2004.
[12]李建国.波浪荷载作用下饱和钙质砂动力特性的试验研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2005.Li Jian-guo.Experimental Research on Dynamic Behavior of Saturated Calcareous Sand Under Wave Loading[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock&Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences,P.R.China,2005.
[13]王新志,汪稔,孟庆山,等.钙质砂室内载荷试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):147-156.Wang Xinzhi,Wang Ren,Meng Qinshan,et al.Study of plate load test of calcareous sand[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):147-156.
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.SL155-2012水工(常规)模型试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012.The Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China.SL155-2012Code for Hydraulic(Conventional)Model Test[S].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2012.
[15]中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司.JTS-145-2-2013海港水文规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2013.CCCC First Harbor consultants Co.,Ltd.JTS-145-2-2013Code for Seaport Hydrology[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2013.
[16]吴宋仁.港口及航道工程模型试验[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1993.Wu Songren.Port and Waterway Engineering Model Test[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,1993.
[17]南京水利科学研究院.SL 237-1999土工试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute.SL 237-1999Code for Soil Test Procedures[S].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1999.