定植时间、密度对厚皮甜瓜‘苏甜4号’植株性状、产量与品质的影响
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摘要
为探讨江苏南京地区不同定植时间、密度对设施甜瓜植株性状、产量与品质的影响,以厚皮甜瓜‘苏甜4号’为试材,采用裂区试验设计,主处理设3个不同定植时间,分别为3月20日(A1)、4月5日(A2)、4月20日(A3),副处理设3个不同株距,分别为40 cm(B1)、45 cm(B2)、50 cm(B3)。结果表明,定植时间对‘苏甜4号’营养生长期地上部各性状无显著影响,但对‘苏甜4号’产量、品质的影响差异显著。‘苏甜4号’在3月20日(A1)定植的667 m~2产量最高,且单果质量、果肉厚度最大。在同等行距下,适当加大株距,有利于提高‘苏甜4号’植株的营养生长量,提高果实单果质量与商品性。总之,南京地区厚皮甜瓜‘苏甜4号’以3月20日定植,株距45 cm(每667 m~2定植1 482株)的种植密度,获得的果实产量与品质最佳。
To study the effect of planting time and density on the plant characteristics, yield and quality of muskmelon‘Sutian No. 4’in Spring of Nanjing,Jiangsu, the experiment was conducted by using a split-plot design. The main treatment was planting time, with three dates on 20 th March(A1),5th April(A2),20 th April(A3), and the sub-treatment was planting density, with three row spacing as 40 cm(B1),45 cm(B2),50 cm(B3). Melon plants were cultivated by vertical hanging vine method,and the line spacing was set as 60 cm. The results showed that the planting time did not change the plant characteristics during vegetative stage, but changed fruit yield and quality significantly. When planting on 20 th March, the yield of‘Sutian No. 4’was the highest, and the fruit shape, weight and fresh thickness were also the best. Increasing the row spacing at certain line spacing could increase the vegetative growth amount, single fruit weight and quality. Taken together,when set the planting time at 20 th March and row spacing as 45 cm(1 482 plants per 667 m~2),‘Sutian No. 4’could produce best yield and quality.
To study the effect of planting time and density on the plant characteristics, yield and quality of muskmelon‘Sutian No. 4’in Spring of Nanjing,Jiangsu, the experiment was conducted by using a split-plot design. The main treatment was planting time, with three dates on 20 th March(A1),5th April(A2),20 th April(A3), and the sub-treatment was planting density, with three row spacing as 40 cm(B1),45 cm(B2),50 cm(B3). Melon plants were cultivated by vertical hanging vine method,and the line spacing was set as 60 cm. The results showed that the planting time did not change the plant characteristics during vegetative stage, but changed fruit yield and quality significantly. When planting on 20 th March, the yield of‘Sutian No. 4’was the highest, and the fruit shape, weight and fresh thickness were also the best. Increasing the row spacing at certain line spacing could increase the vegetative growth amount, single fruit weight and quality. Taken together,when set the planting time at 20 th March and row spacing as 45 cm(1 482 plants per 667 m~2),‘Sutian No. 4’could produce best yield and quality.
引文
[1]中国科学院郑州果树研究所,中国园艺学会西甜瓜专业委员会,中国园艺学会西甜瓜协会.中国西瓜甜瓜[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:464.
[2]顾月兰.上海地区哈密瓜品种引进及配套栽培技术研究研[D].南京:南京农业大学,2004.
[3]杨晓华,王云飞,李建林,等.早春设施栽培哈密瓜品种比较试验初报[J].上海农业学报,2006,22(4):144-146
[4]王玉祥,刘新华,曹春信,等.大棚哈密瓜南方秋季栽培模式探讨[J].园艺与种苗,2013(1):41-44.
[5]季海军,孙玉东,徐冉,等.塑料大棚秋季哈密瓜优质高效栽培技术[J].蔬菜,2014(5):58-59.
[6]石秋平,夏欣慰,陈亚彪,等.江苏沿海地区大棚哈蜜瓜早熟栽培技术[J],上海蔬菜,2007(2):84.
[7]高晶霞,陈书霞,程智慧,等.播期及整枝方式对设施厚皮甜瓜生长发育和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(3):45-48.
[8]韦代杰,潘海燕,韦明兵,等.不同播期对春茬大棚甜瓜生长发育的影响[J].南方园艺,2013,24(3):10-13.
[9]葛民根.小型西瓜种植密度、整枝及留瓜方式试验[J].浙江农业科学,2003(2):59-60.
[10]龚亚菊,杨敏杰.不同栽培密度对水培黄瓜产量的影响[J].蔬菜,2000(3):33-34.
[11]崔丽红,黄蔚,陈继富.栽植密度对厚皮甜瓜产量及构成因素的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2009(2):46-48.
[12]KULTUR F,HARRISON H C,STAUB J E.Spacing and genotype affect fruit sugar concentration and fruit size of muskmelon[J].Hort Science,2001,36(2):274-378.
[13]MAYNARD E T,SCOTT W D.Plant spacing affects yield of Superstar muskmelon[J].Hort Science,1998(33):52-54.
[14]齐红岩,李亚兰,李丹,等.不同定植密度对薄皮甜瓜生长发育及产量影响的研究[J].北方园艺,2005(3):53-55.
[2]顾月兰.上海地区哈密瓜品种引进及配套栽培技术研究研[D].南京:南京农业大学,2004.
[3]杨晓华,王云飞,李建林,等.早春设施栽培哈密瓜品种比较试验初报[J].上海农业学报,2006,22(4):144-146
[4]王玉祥,刘新华,曹春信,等.大棚哈密瓜南方秋季栽培模式探讨[J].园艺与种苗,2013(1):41-44.
[5]季海军,孙玉东,徐冉,等.塑料大棚秋季哈密瓜优质高效栽培技术[J].蔬菜,2014(5):58-59.
[6]石秋平,夏欣慰,陈亚彪,等.江苏沿海地区大棚哈蜜瓜早熟栽培技术[J],上海蔬菜,2007(2):84.
[7]高晶霞,陈书霞,程智慧,等.播期及整枝方式对设施厚皮甜瓜生长发育和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(3):45-48.
[8]韦代杰,潘海燕,韦明兵,等.不同播期对春茬大棚甜瓜生长发育的影响[J].南方园艺,2013,24(3):10-13.
[9]葛民根.小型西瓜种植密度、整枝及留瓜方式试验[J].浙江农业科学,2003(2):59-60.
[10]龚亚菊,杨敏杰.不同栽培密度对水培黄瓜产量的影响[J].蔬菜,2000(3):33-34.
[11]崔丽红,黄蔚,陈继富.栽植密度对厚皮甜瓜产量及构成因素的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2009(2):46-48.
[12]KULTUR F,HARRISON H C,STAUB J E.Spacing and genotype affect fruit sugar concentration and fruit size of muskmelon[J].Hort Science,2001,36(2):274-378.
[13]MAYNARD E T,SCOTT W D.Plant spacing affects yield of Superstar muskmelon[J].Hort Science,1998(33):52-54.
[14]齐红岩,李亚兰,李丹,等.不同定植密度对薄皮甜瓜生长发育及产量影响的研究[J].北方园艺,2005(3):53-55.