天津市城区主要公园土壤放射性核素水平调查分析
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摘要
目的:分析天津市城区主要公园土壤中的放射性核素含量,掌握土壤中放射性核素的基线资料,为开展环境辐射水平评价提供科学依据。方法:采集天津城区8个主要公园的土壤样品,使用GX5019型低本底高纯锗γ谱仪对土壤样品的γ能谱进行测量分析,得到土壤样品中所含的放射性核素种类及活度浓度。结果:8个公园土壤样品中~(238)U、~(232)Th、~(226)Ra、~(40)K和~(137)Cs含量的最高值分别为38.2 Bq/kg、30.5 Bq/kg、53.5 Bq/kg、638 Bq/kg和7.3 Bq/kg;平均值分别为31.5 Bq/kg、44.5 Bq/kg、27.1 Bq/kg、585.0 Bq/kg和3.3 Bq/kg,均低于全国平均值。结论:天津城区主要公园土壤的放射性水平基本处于正常的本底范围,与其他省市的土壤监测结果相比存在差异,尤其对40K而言差异最为明显(64%),可能是由于地域或土质差异而造成。为准确掌握天津市土壤中放射性的基线值,有待在日后的研究中扩大研究范围、增加样本量。
Objective: To measure and analyze the radionuclide activity contentration in soil of the main parks in Tianjin city; to get the baseline data of radionuclide in soil, and provide the science basis for the further evaluation of environmental radiation level. Methods: The soil samples were collected from main eight parks in Tianjin city. The gamma spectra of soil samples were measured and analyzed by GX5019(a kind of low-background and high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer). And then the relative datum, such as the radionuclide species and activity concentration in soil samples, were obtained. Results: The highest values of ~(238)U, ~(232)Th, ~(226)Ra, ~(40)K and ~(137)Cs in the soil samples of the eight parks were 38.2, 30.5, 53.5, 638 and 7.3 Bq/kg, respectively; the mean values were 31.5, 44.5, 27.1, 583.0, 3.3Bq/Kg, respectively. All of them were lower than the national average. Conclusions: The radioactivity levels of soil in the main parks of Tianjin basically are in the normal background range. Compared with other provinces and cities, there are differences in soil monitoring results, especially for ~(40)K(64%), and these differences may based on the area or soil difference. In order to further master the baseline values of radioactivity in soil in Tianjin, it is necessary to expand the scope of research and increase the sample amount in further studies.
Objective: To measure and analyze the radionuclide activity contentration in soil of the main parks in Tianjin city; to get the baseline data of radionuclide in soil, and provide the science basis for the further evaluation of environmental radiation level. Methods: The soil samples were collected from main eight parks in Tianjin city. The gamma spectra of soil samples were measured and analyzed by GX5019(a kind of low-background and high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer). And then the relative datum, such as the radionuclide species and activity concentration in soil samples, were obtained. Results: The highest values of ~(238)U, ~(232)Th, ~(226)Ra, ~(40)K and ~(137)Cs in the soil samples of the eight parks were 38.2, 30.5, 53.5, 638 and 7.3 Bq/kg, respectively; the mean values were 31.5, 44.5, 27.1, 583.0, 3.3Bq/Kg, respectively. All of them were lower than the national average. Conclusions: The radioactivity levels of soil in the main parks of Tianjin basically are in the normal background range. Compared with other provinces and cities, there are differences in soil monitoring results, especially for ~(40)K(64%), and these differences may based on the area or soil difference. In order to further master the baseline values of radioactivity in soil in Tianjin, it is necessary to expand the scope of research and increase the sample amount in further studies.
引文
[1]国家环境保护总局.HJ/T 166-2004《土壤环境监测技术规范》[S].北京:中国环境标准出版社,2004.
[2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 11743-2013《土壤中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[3]拓飞,张京,李文红,等.食品放射性测量中马林杯干样与圆柱盒灰样探测限比较研究[J].中国医学装备,2014,11(11):1-4.
[4]APJDe Roo.The use of 137Cs as a tracer in an erosion study in south Limburg(the Netherlands)and the influence of chernobyl fallout[J].Hydrological Processes,1991,5(2):215-227.
[5]李仁英,杨浩,唐翔宇.土壤中137Cs的化学性质及其分布规律[J].核农学报,2001,15(6):371-379.
[6]Wright SM,Howard BJ,Strand P,et al.Prediction of 137Cs deposition from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests within the Arctic[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,104(1):131-143.
[7]张大吉,张淑芬.天津地区土壤中天然放射性核素含量及其所致外照射剂量[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1988,8(1):9.
[8]李权耕,刘滨,陈涛,等.北京城区土壤中放射性物质调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,1(1):68-69.
[9]代杰瑞,鲁峰,庞绪贵,等.青岛市地表伽玛辐射特征及环境影响评价[J].世界地质,2012,31(4):831-840.
[10]杨斌.南通市土壤放射性环境本底调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,22(2):198-200.
[11]张淑蓉,潘京全,李允兴,等.我国土壤中放射性核素水平及分布[J].医学研究杂志,1988,8(8):30-31.
[12]刘合凡,葛良全,吴和喜,等.成都市不同土壤天然放射性核素分析[J].核电子学与探测技术,2014,34(6):703-707.
[13]李得恩,龙启萍,李存香.青海省东西部地区土壤中放射性核素水平调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,22(5):608-609.
[14]陈玉坤,雒潇,陈美.昌江核电站周围环境土壤放射性本底调查[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(10):974-977.
[15]彭帮宝,颜强,李桃生,等.东北地区土壤中放射性核素含量的抽样测量与分析[J].中国辐射卫生,2014,23(1):42-46.
[2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 11743-2013《土壤中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[3]拓飞,张京,李文红,等.食品放射性测量中马林杯干样与圆柱盒灰样探测限比较研究[J].中国医学装备,2014,11(11):1-4.
[4]APJDe Roo.The use of 137Cs as a tracer in an erosion study in south Limburg(the Netherlands)and the influence of chernobyl fallout[J].Hydrological Processes,1991,5(2):215-227.
[5]李仁英,杨浩,唐翔宇.土壤中137Cs的化学性质及其分布规律[J].核农学报,2001,15(6):371-379.
[6]Wright SM,Howard BJ,Strand P,et al.Prediction of 137Cs deposition from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests within the Arctic[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,104(1):131-143.
[7]张大吉,张淑芬.天津地区土壤中天然放射性核素含量及其所致外照射剂量[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1988,8(1):9.
[8]李权耕,刘滨,陈涛,等.北京城区土壤中放射性物质调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,1(1):68-69.
[9]代杰瑞,鲁峰,庞绪贵,等.青岛市地表伽玛辐射特征及环境影响评价[J].世界地质,2012,31(4):831-840.
[10]杨斌.南通市土壤放射性环境本底调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,22(2):198-200.
[11]张淑蓉,潘京全,李允兴,等.我国土壤中放射性核素水平及分布[J].医学研究杂志,1988,8(8):30-31.
[12]刘合凡,葛良全,吴和喜,等.成都市不同土壤天然放射性核素分析[J].核电子学与探测技术,2014,34(6):703-707.
[13]李得恩,龙启萍,李存香.青海省东西部地区土壤中放射性核素水平调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2013,22(5):608-609.
[14]陈玉坤,雒潇,陈美.昌江核电站周围环境土壤放射性本底调查[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(10):974-977.
[15]彭帮宝,颜强,李桃生,等.东北地区土壤中放射性核素含量的抽样测量与分析[J].中国辐射卫生,2014,23(1):42-46.