水溶性氟乐灵纳米制剂对向日葵列当的毒力及田间药效
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摘要
向日葵列当Orobanche cumana是一种检疫性恶性寄生杂草。本研究采用透析法制备了一种水溶性氟乐灵纳米制剂(Tf-OR-CC),评价其对向日葵列当的室内毒力和田间药效。种子发芽毒力测定结果表明:在独脚金内酯类似物GR24的诱导下,用5μg/mL Tf-OR-CC处理向日葵列当种子,7 d后表现出良好的抑制发芽活性,列当种子发芽率为28.5%,与对照相比差异显著。消解动态试验表明,Tf-OR-CC消解半衰期比48%氟乐灵乳油延长6.56 d,说明Tf-OR-CC具有一定的缓释作用。田间药效试验结果表明,滴灌施用有效成分含量为75 g/667 m~2Tf-OR-CC 45 d后,向日葵列当寄生率为32.1%,寄生强度为5.3,Tf-OR-CC制剂对向日葵列当的田间防效为36.3%。该方法可为向日葵滴灌施药技术防治向日葵列当提供科学依据。
Orobanche cumana is a quarantine and malignant parasitic weed. A water-soluble trifluralin nanoparticles(Tf-OR-CC) were prepared by dialysis method to evaluate virulence and field efficacy against O.cumana. The seed germination test showed that Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles had good effect on inhibiting the germination of O.cumana seeds at 5 μg/mL.After 7 days, the germination rate of the Tf-OR-CC was 28.5%, significantly lower than that of the control. The degradation dynamic test showed that degradation rate of the half-time of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles was 6.56 days, longer than that of trifluralin 48% EC, indicating that Tf-OR-CC has a certain sustained-release effect. Field trials demonstrated that parasitism rate of O.cumana was 32.1% and parasitic intensity was 5.3 after 45 days of drip irrigation with 75 g/667 m~2 Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles, significantly lower than that of the control, and the efficacy of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles against O.cumana was 36.3%. The method can provide scientific basis for controlling O.cumana by drip irrigation.
Orobanche cumana is a quarantine and malignant parasitic weed. A water-soluble trifluralin nanoparticles(Tf-OR-CC) were prepared by dialysis method to evaluate virulence and field efficacy against O.cumana. The seed germination test showed that Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles had good effect on inhibiting the germination of O.cumana seeds at 5 μg/mL.After 7 days, the germination rate of the Tf-OR-CC was 28.5%, significantly lower than that of the control. The degradation dynamic test showed that degradation rate of the half-time of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles was 6.56 days, longer than that of trifluralin 48% EC, indicating that Tf-OR-CC has a certain sustained-release effect. Field trials demonstrated that parasitism rate of O.cumana was 32.1% and parasitic intensity was 5.3 after 45 days of drip irrigation with 75 g/667 m~2 Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles, significantly lower than that of the control, and the efficacy of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles against O.cumana was 36.3%. The method can provide scientific basis for controlling O.cumana by drip irrigation.
引文
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[9] 钱坤,彭鑫亚,薛霏,等.氟乐灵微球的制备及其控释效果研究[J].农药学学报,2017,19(6):776-780.
[10] 刘亚静,曹立冬,张嘉坤,等.氟乐灵微囊的制备、表征及其光稳定性研究[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):341-347.
[11] PéREZ L A,GALINDO J C G,MACíAS F A,et al.Sunflower sesquiterpene lactone models induce Orobanche cumana seed germination [J].Phytochemistry,2000,53:45-50.
[12] GALINDO J C G,PéREZ L A,JORRIN J,et al.SAR studies of sesquiterpene lactones as Orobanche cumana seed germination stimulants [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2002,50:1911-1917.
[13] MACíAS F A,GARCIA-DIAZ M D,PéREZ L A,et al.New chemical clues for broomrape-sunflower host-parasite interactions:synthesis of guaianestrigo-lactones [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2009,57:5853-5864.
[14] RAUPP F M,SPRING O.New sesquiterpene lactones from sunflower root exudate as germination stimulants for Orobanche cumana [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2013,61:10481-10487.
[15] SLAVOV S,VAN ONCKLEN H,BATCHVAROVA R,et al.IAA production during germination of Orobanche [J].Plant Physiology,2004,161:847-853.
[16] 陈燕芳,赵君,金玉华,等.不同播期对向日葵列当发生的影响[J].现代农业科技,2014(13):136.
[2] 白全江,云晓鹏,高占明,等.内蒙古向日葵列当发生危害及其防治技术措施[J].内蒙古农业科技,2013(1):75-76.
[3] 黄长权.向日葵列当寄生机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2012.
[4] 郎明,马永清,董淑琦,等.苗期棉花对向日葵列当种子萌发诱导作用初探[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(1):79-83.
[5] 郝智强.鱼腥草浸提液刺激列当种子萌发的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[6] 张义,牛庆杰,孙敏,等.向日葵抗列当遗传研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2006,28(2):125-128.
[7] 全国农业技术推广服务中心.潜在的植物检疫性有害生物图鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[8] 董淑琦.不同基因型冬小麦刺激根寄生杂草列当种子萌发的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[9] 钱坤,彭鑫亚,薛霏,等.氟乐灵微球的制备及其控释效果研究[J].农药学学报,2017,19(6):776-780.
[10] 刘亚静,曹立冬,张嘉坤,等.氟乐灵微囊的制备、表征及其光稳定性研究[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):341-347.
[11] PéREZ L A,GALINDO J C G,MACíAS F A,et al.Sunflower sesquiterpene lactone models induce Orobanche cumana seed germination [J].Phytochemistry,2000,53:45-50.
[12] GALINDO J C G,PéREZ L A,JORRIN J,et al.SAR studies of sesquiterpene lactones as Orobanche cumana seed germination stimulants [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2002,50:1911-1917.
[13] MACíAS F A,GARCIA-DIAZ M D,PéREZ L A,et al.New chemical clues for broomrape-sunflower host-parasite interactions:synthesis of guaianestrigo-lactones [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2009,57:5853-5864.
[14] RAUPP F M,SPRING O.New sesquiterpene lactones from sunflower root exudate as germination stimulants for Orobanche cumana [J].Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry,2013,61:10481-10487.
[15] SLAVOV S,VAN ONCKLEN H,BATCHVAROVA R,et al.IAA production during germination of Orobanche [J].Plant Physiology,2004,161:847-853.
[16] 陈燕芳,赵君,金玉华,等.不同播期对向日葵列当发生的影响[J].现代农业科技,2014(13):136.