籽瓜破碎取籽分离机的试验研究
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摘要
为满足籽瓜加工生产线对预处理加工的要求,对自主研制的QW-QZ-2型籽瓜破碎取籽分离机的破碎分离效果进行了试验研究。以喂入量、破碎辊转速、皮瓤分离辊转速、籽瓤分离辊转速为试验因素,以瓜籽含杂率、瓜籽破损率、瓜籽损失率和皮中含瓤率为试验指标,进行单因素试验。试验结果表明:适宜的工作参数范围为:喂入量25～30 kg/min、破碎辊转速120～135 r/min、皮瓤分离辊转速90～105 r/min、籽瓤分离辊转速105～120 r/min;影响瓜籽含杂率的主次因素依次为:皮瓤分离辊转速、籽瓤分离辊转速、破碎辊转速和喂入量;影响瓜籽破损率的主次因素依次为:皮瓤分离辊转速、籽瓤分离辊转速、喂入量和破碎辊转速;影响瓜籽损失率和皮中含瓤率的主次因素依次为:皮瓤分离辊转速、破碎辊转速和喂入量。该研究可为籽瓜破碎取籽分离机的设计和工作参数的优化提供理论依据。
In order to meet the requirements of seed-used watermelon processing line for pretreatment processing, in this paper, the effect of breaking and separating of QW-QZ-2 seed-used watermelon peeling and separating seeds machine was studied. The single factor experiment was carried out with the feeding amount, the speed of crushing roller, the speed of peel-pulp separation roller and the speed of seed-pulp separation roller as the experimental factors, and the impurity rate, seed damage rate, seed loss rate and peel-pulp content rate as the experimental indexes. The results showed, the suitable operating parameters of the machine are: feed amount is 25～30 kg/min, crushing roller speed is 120～135 r/min, peel-pulp separation roller speed is 90～105 r/min, seed-pulp separation roller speed is 105～120 r/min. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed impurity rate are as follows: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of seed-pulp separation roller, the speed of speed Crushing roller and the speed of feed quantity. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed damage rate are as follows: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of seed-pulp separation roller, the speed of feed quantity and the speed of Crushing roller. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed loss rate and peel-pulp content rate are the following: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of Crushing roller and the feeding amount. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the working parameters of seed-used watermelon peeling and separating seeds machine.
In order to meet the requirements of seed-used watermelon processing line for pretreatment processing, in this paper, the effect of breaking and separating of QW-QZ-2 seed-used watermelon peeling and separating seeds machine was studied. The single factor experiment was carried out with the feeding amount, the speed of crushing roller, the speed of peel-pulp separation roller and the speed of seed-pulp separation roller as the experimental factors, and the impurity rate, seed damage rate, seed loss rate and peel-pulp content rate as the experimental indexes. The results showed, the suitable operating parameters of the machine are: feed amount is 25～30 kg/min, crushing roller speed is 120～135 r/min, peel-pulp separation roller speed is 90～105 r/min, seed-pulp separation roller speed is 105～120 r/min. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed impurity rate are as follows: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of seed-pulp separation roller, the speed of speed Crushing roller and the speed of feed quantity. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed damage rate are as follows: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of seed-pulp separation roller, the speed of feed quantity and the speed of Crushing roller. The main and secondary factors affecting the seed loss rate and peel-pulp content rate are the following: the speed of peel-pulp separation roller, the speed of Crushing roller and the feeding amount. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the working parameters of seed-used watermelon peeling and separating seeds machine.
引文
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[3] 牛旭东,吴劲锋,陆祥辉,等.籽瓜的力学特性研究及其有限元分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(5):12-16.Niu Xudong,Wu Jingfeng,Lu Xianghui,et al.Study on mechanical characteristics of seed watermelon and its finite element analysis [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(5):12-16.
[4] 阎洪山,杨怀军,薛理,等.4ZBL-2背负式籽瓜联合收获机的设计[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(19):10331-10333.
[5] 钟逸岩,杨自萍,盂刚.籽瓜挖瓤机的研究[J].农业工程学报,1993,9(1):57-63.Zhong Yiyan,Yang Ziping,Meng Gang.A study on the removing pulp machine of seed watermelon [J].Transactions of the CSAE,1993,9(1):57- 63.
[6] 黄晓鹏,同长虹,万芳新.籽瓜挖瓤机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(1):90-94.Huang Xiaopeng,Tong Changhong,Wan Fangxin.Design on seed melon pulp-excavated machine [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(1):90-94.
[7] 张锋伟,韩正晟,张知文,等.籽瓜籽汁分离机的设计[J].农业机械,2010(3):133-134.
[8] 秦天荣.6GQX-8系列打瓜取籽机[J].农村百事通,2009(15):52-53.
[9] 杨智庭,顾汉祯,张占旺,等.一种葫芦籽瓜脱粒机[P].中国专利:CN200320124545.0,2005-01-26.
[10] 石振龙.一种籽瓜联合收获机[P].中国专利:CN205794096U,2016-12-14.
[11] 耿锋利,阎洪山,王吉亮,等.一种背负式籽瓜联合收获机[P].中国专利:CN103879128A,2014-06-25.
[12] 吴劲锋,聂磊,石富硕,等.籽瓜破碎取籽机[P].中国专利:CN203424008U,2014-02-12.
[13] 吴劲锋,朱自升,石富硕,等.一种籽瓜破碎取籽机[P].中国专利:CN204466295U,2015-07-15.
[14] 朱宗光,吴劲锋,黄晓鹏,等.籽瓜破碎取籽机皮瓤分离装置试验研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(5):159-166.
[15] 梁琪,蒋玉梅,张盛贵,等.甘肃省不同产地籽瓜瓤皮成分分析[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1999,34(1):79-83.Liang Qi,Jiang Yumei,Zhang Shenggui,et al.Components of seed-used watermelon fruit Gansu of China [J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,1999,34(1):79-83.
[16] 李金玉,张延河,翟英临,等.籽瓜生产现状与发展对策[J].西北园艺,1995(1):2-3.Li Jinyu,Zhang Yanhe,Zhai Yinglin,et al.Watermelon production situation and development strategy [J].Northwest Horticulture,1995(1):2-3.