实施乡村振兴战略的路径选择
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摘要
乡村振兴战略的提出,是现阶段做好"三农"工作的旗帜和总抓手。深入探究实现乡村振兴应踏准的最优路径,对高效可持续地推动乡村振兴战略和农业农村的优先发展具有重要意义。依托乡村振兴战略提出的背景,总结现有相关文献,从多个角度系统论述落实乡村振兴伟大构想应选择的最佳战略路径。研究认为,实施乡村振兴战略是顺应新形势、化解新矛盾、应对新问题的必然选择,在此背景下,应选择五个方面的关键性战略路径:走科学规划先行之路,包括系统谋划科学总蓝图,分类有序推进总蓝图;走农业现代化发展之路,包括构建三大体系保效率,实施质量兴农促持续,引导扶持小农奔富裕;走城乡融合发展之路,包括推进以人为核心的新型城镇化,推动城乡要素自由流动,发挥城市群辐射带动作用;走要素充分涌流之路,包括激活人才要素,激活资本要素,激活土地要素;走市场持续支撑之路,包括营造适合"三农"发展的市场环境,强化市场秩序与信息监测预警。
The proposal of the rural revitalization strategy is the banner and the general guideline of the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" currently. The most optimal path for the sustainable development of the rural revitalization is significant for promoting the rural revitalization strategy and prioritized development of agriculture and rural areas efficiently and sustainably. Under the background of promoting rural revitalization strategy, this paper extensively reviewed relevant literatures and systemically discussed the optimal path for implementing the rural revitalization strategy from different aspects. Studies indicate that carrying out the rural revitalization strategy is a necessary choice to follow the new trend, to resolve new conflicts, and to face the new obstacles. In the end, this paper suggested five optimal paths for the realization of rural revitalization: 1) to prioritize the leading role of scientific planning, including the systematic planning of the total blueprint for science and the promotion of the total blueprint sequentially; 2) to adopt the developing road of agricultural modernization, including constructing three major systems to ensure efficiency, carrying out the strategy that quality helps develop agriculture to promote sustainable development, and to guide and support small farms to increase their farm income; 3) to take a developing road of urbanrural integration, including promoting new urbanization with people as the core, promoting the free flow of urban and rural factors, and playing the role of urban agglomeration; 4) to adopt a road of free circulation of production factors sufficiently, including activating talent element, activating capital element, and activating land element; and 5) to take a road of continuing support for the market, including creating the market environment that is suitable for developing agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, strengthening market order, and early warning of information monitoring.
The proposal of the rural revitalization strategy is the banner and the general guideline of the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" currently. The most optimal path for the sustainable development of the rural revitalization is significant for promoting the rural revitalization strategy and prioritized development of agriculture and rural areas efficiently and sustainably. Under the background of promoting rural revitalization strategy, this paper extensively reviewed relevant literatures and systemically discussed the optimal path for implementing the rural revitalization strategy from different aspects. Studies indicate that carrying out the rural revitalization strategy is a necessary choice to follow the new trend, to resolve new conflicts, and to face the new obstacles. In the end, this paper suggested five optimal paths for the realization of rural revitalization: 1) to prioritize the leading role of scientific planning, including the systematic planning of the total blueprint for science and the promotion of the total blueprint sequentially; 2) to adopt the developing road of agricultural modernization, including constructing three major systems to ensure efficiency, carrying out the strategy that quality helps develop agriculture to promote sustainable development, and to guide and support small farms to increase their farm income; 3) to take a developing road of urbanrural integration, including promoting new urbanization with people as the core, promoting the free flow of urban and rural factors, and playing the role of urban agglomeration; 4) to adopt a road of free circulation of production factors sufficiently, including activating talent element, activating capital element, and activating land element; and 5) to take a road of continuing support for the market, including creating the market environment that is suitable for developing agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, strengthening market order, and early warning of information monitoring.
引文
[1]张照新.以乡村振兴战略引领新时代农业农村优先发展[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018(3):34-39.Zhang Z X.The prioritized development of agriculture and rural areas in the new era led by the village rejuvenation strategy[J].Frontiers,2018(3):34-39.
[2]张强,张怀超,刘占芳.乡村振兴:从衰落走向复兴的战略选择[J].经济与管理,2018,32(1):6-11.Zhang Q,Zhang H C,Liu Z F.Rural revitalization:Strategic choice from decline to revival[J].Economy and Management,2018,32(1):6-11.
[3]钟钰.实施乡村振兴战略的科学内涵与实现路径[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,39(5):1-6.Zhong Y.The scientific connotation and path of implementing the strategy of rural area revitalization[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018,39(5):1-6.
[4]陈秧分,王国刚,孙炜琳.乡村振兴战略中的农业地位与农业发展[J].农业经济问题,2018(1):20-26.Cheng Y F,Wang G G,Sun Y L.Agricultural status and agricultural development in the rural revitalization strategy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(1):20-26.
[5]贺雪峰.谁的乡村建设——乡村振兴战略的实施前提[J].探索与争鸣,2017(12):71-76.He X F.Whose village construction-The implementation premise of the rural revitalization strategy[J].Exploration and Free Views,2017(12):71-76.
[6]文丰安.新时代乡村振兴战略推进之理性审视[J].重庆社会科学,2018(4):16-24.Weng F A.A rational survey on the promotion of rural revitalization strategy in the new era[J].Chongqing Social Sciences,2018(4):16-24.
[7]杨仪青.城乡融合视域下我国实现乡村振兴的路径选择[J].现代经济探讨,2018(6):101-106.Yang Y Q.The path choices of rural revitalization in China from the perspective of urban and rural integration[J].Modern Economic Research,2018(6):101-106.
[8]唐任伍.新时代乡村振兴战略的实施路径及策略[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018(3):26-33.Tang R W.The path of rural revitalization strategy in the new era[J].Frontiers,2018(3):26-33.
[9]朱启臻.当前乡村振兴的障碍因素及对策分析[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018(3):19-25.Zhu Q Z.Obstacles to the rural rejuvenation and solutions[J].Frontiers,2018(3):19-25.
[10]郑风田,杨慧莲.村庄异质性与差异化乡村振兴需求[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(6):48-55.Zheng F T,Yang H L.Village heterogeneity and differentiated needs of rural revitalization[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018(6):48-55.
[11]叶敬忠.乡村振兴战略:历史沿循、总体布局与路径省思[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2018(2):64-69.Ye J Z.Rural vitalization:History,overall layout and reflections on paths[J].Journal of South China Normal University(Social Science Edition),2018(2):64-69.
[12]刘合光.乡村振兴战略的关键点、发展路径与风险规避[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,39(2):1-9.Liu H G.The key points,development path and potential traps in promoting rural revitalization strategy[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018,39(2):1-9.
[13]吴德慧.“乡村振兴”视阈下的农业供给侧结构性改革路径探析——以河南省许昌市为例[J].中共山西省直机关党校学报,2018(2):24-27.Wu D H.Analysis on the structural reform path of agricultural supply side from the perspective of“rural revitalization”-A case study of Xuchang City,Henan Province[J].Journal of Shanxi Provincial Party School of the Communist Party of China,2018(2):24-27.
[14]曾福生,蔡保忠.以产业兴旺促湖南乡村振兴战略的实现[J].农业现代化研究,2018,39(2):179-184.Zeng F S,Cai B Z.Realizing the rural vitalization strategy of Hunan by promoting rural industrialization[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2018,39(2):179-184.
[15]杨新荣,唐靖廷,杨勇军,等.乡村振兴战略的推进路径研究——以广东省为例[J],农业经济问题,2018(6):108-115.Yang X R,Tang J T,Yang Y J,et al.Research on the promotion path of rural revitalization strategy:Take Guangdong Province as an example[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(6):108-115.
[16]廖彩荣,陈美球.乡村振兴战略的理论逻辑、科学内涵与实现路径[J].农林经济管理学报,2017,16(6):795-802.Liao C R,Chen M Q.The theoretical logic,scientific connotation and achieving methods of rural revitalization strategy[J].Journal of Agro-Forestry Economics and Management,2017,16(6):795-802.
[17]朱俊峰,苗海民.新常态下的工商资本下乡[J].中国发展观察,2017(15):33-35.Zhu J F,Miao H M.Industry and commence capital in the countryside under new normalcy[J].China Development Observation,2017(15):33-35.
[18]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.Liu Y S.Research on the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization in the new era in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(4):637-650.
[19]李明贤,唐文婷.地域特点、资源整合与农村一二三产业深度融合——来自湖南省涟源市的经验[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(6):963-970.Li M X,Tang W T.Regional characteristics,resource integration,and the deep convergence of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries in rural area:A case study of Lianyuan,Hunan Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(6):963-970.
[20]韩长斌.构建三大体系推进农业现代化——学习习近平总书记安徽小岗村重要讲话体会[J].休闲农业与美丽乡村,2016(11):88-91.Han C F.Constructing three systems to promote agricultural modernization-Learning from Xi Jinping's important speech in Xiaogang Village,Anhui Province[J].Leisure Agriculture and the Beautiful Countryside,2016(11):88-91.
[21]蒋永穆.基于社会主要矛盾变化的乡村振兴战略:内涵及路径[J].社会科学辑刊,2018(2):15-21.Jiang Y M.Rural revitalization strategy based on major social contradictions and changes:Connotation and path[J].Social Science Journal,2018(2):15-21.
[22]曾福生,周静.新常态下中国粮食供求平衡新思路[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(4):553-560.Zeng F S,Zhou J.Research on equilibrium of grain supply and demand under the new normal[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(4):553-560.
[23]黄祖辉.准确把握中国乡村振兴战略[J].中国农村经济,2018(4):2-11.Huang Z H.On the strategy of rural revitalization in China[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2018(4):2-11.
[24]李国祥.实现乡村产业兴旺必须正确认识和处理的若干重大关系[J].中州学刊,2018(1):32-38.Li G X.Exploration on some important relations in realizing the prosperity of the rural industry[J].Academic Journal of Zhongzhou,2018(1):32-38.
[25]晏强,李建华.农村基础设施建设投资存在的问题及其对策研究[J].当代经济研究,2014(3):71-74.Yan Q,Li J H.Problems in the investment on rural infrastructure construction and its countermeasures[J].Contemporary Economic Research,2014(3):71-74.
[26]郭素芳.城乡要素双向流动框架下乡村振兴的内在逻辑与保障机制[J].天津行政学院学报,2018,20(3):33-39.Guo S F.The inherent logic and safeguard mechanism of rural revitalization under the framework of two-way flow of urban and rural elements[J].Journal of Tianjin Administration Institute,2018,20(3):33-39.
[27]刘合光.激活参与主体积极性,大力实施乡村振兴战略[J].农业经济问题,2018(1):14-20.Liu H G.Activating the initiative of main agents in rural vitalization,promoting the implementation of the rural vitalization strategy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(1):14-20.
[28]郭晓鸣,张克俊,虞洪,等.实施乡村振兴战略的系统认识与道路选择[J].农村经济,2018(1):11-20.Guo X M,Zhang K J,Yu H,et al.Systematic understanding and path selection of implementing rural rejuvenation strategy[J].Rural Economy,2018(1):11-20.
[29]张晓山.实施乡村振兴战略的几个抓手[J].人民论坛,2017(33):72-74.Zhang X S.The several grips of implementation of rural vitalization strategy[J].People's Tribune,2017(33):72-74.
[30]叶兴庆.新时代中国乡村振兴战略论纲[J].改革,2018(1):65-73.Ye X Q.The general principles of the China's rural vitalization strategy in the new era[J].Reform,2018(1):65-73.
[2]张强,张怀超,刘占芳.乡村振兴:从衰落走向复兴的战略选择[J].经济与管理,2018,32(1):6-11.Zhang Q,Zhang H C,Liu Z F.Rural revitalization:Strategic choice from decline to revival[J].Economy and Management,2018,32(1):6-11.
[3]钟钰.实施乡村振兴战略的科学内涵与实现路径[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,39(5):1-6.Zhong Y.The scientific connotation and path of implementing the strategy of rural area revitalization[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018,39(5):1-6.
[4]陈秧分,王国刚,孙炜琳.乡村振兴战略中的农业地位与农业发展[J].农业经济问题,2018(1):20-26.Cheng Y F,Wang G G,Sun Y L.Agricultural status and agricultural development in the rural revitalization strategy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(1):20-26.
[5]贺雪峰.谁的乡村建设——乡村振兴战略的实施前提[J].探索与争鸣,2017(12):71-76.He X F.Whose village construction-The implementation premise of the rural revitalization strategy[J].Exploration and Free Views,2017(12):71-76.
[6]文丰安.新时代乡村振兴战略推进之理性审视[J].重庆社会科学,2018(4):16-24.Weng F A.A rational survey on the promotion of rural revitalization strategy in the new era[J].Chongqing Social Sciences,2018(4):16-24.
[7]杨仪青.城乡融合视域下我国实现乡村振兴的路径选择[J].现代经济探讨,2018(6):101-106.Yang Y Q.The path choices of rural revitalization in China from the perspective of urban and rural integration[J].Modern Economic Research,2018(6):101-106.
[8]唐任伍.新时代乡村振兴战略的实施路径及策略[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018(3):26-33.Tang R W.The path of rural revitalization strategy in the new era[J].Frontiers,2018(3):26-33.
[9]朱启臻.当前乡村振兴的障碍因素及对策分析[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018(3):19-25.Zhu Q Z.Obstacles to the rural rejuvenation and solutions[J].Frontiers,2018(3):19-25.
[10]郑风田,杨慧莲.村庄异质性与差异化乡村振兴需求[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(6):48-55.Zheng F T,Yang H L.Village heterogeneity and differentiated needs of rural revitalization[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018(6):48-55.
[11]叶敬忠.乡村振兴战略:历史沿循、总体布局与路径省思[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2018(2):64-69.Ye J Z.Rural vitalization:History,overall layout and reflections on paths[J].Journal of South China Normal University(Social Science Edition),2018(2):64-69.
[12]刘合光.乡村振兴战略的关键点、发展路径与风险规避[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,39(2):1-9.Liu H G.The key points,development path and potential traps in promoting rural revitalization strategy[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences),2018,39(2):1-9.
[13]吴德慧.“乡村振兴”视阈下的农业供给侧结构性改革路径探析——以河南省许昌市为例[J].中共山西省直机关党校学报,2018(2):24-27.Wu D H.Analysis on the structural reform path of agricultural supply side from the perspective of“rural revitalization”-A case study of Xuchang City,Henan Province[J].Journal of Shanxi Provincial Party School of the Communist Party of China,2018(2):24-27.
[14]曾福生,蔡保忠.以产业兴旺促湖南乡村振兴战略的实现[J].农业现代化研究,2018,39(2):179-184.Zeng F S,Cai B Z.Realizing the rural vitalization strategy of Hunan by promoting rural industrialization[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2018,39(2):179-184.
[15]杨新荣,唐靖廷,杨勇军,等.乡村振兴战略的推进路径研究——以广东省为例[J],农业经济问题,2018(6):108-115.Yang X R,Tang J T,Yang Y J,et al.Research on the promotion path of rural revitalization strategy:Take Guangdong Province as an example[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(6):108-115.
[16]廖彩荣,陈美球.乡村振兴战略的理论逻辑、科学内涵与实现路径[J].农林经济管理学报,2017,16(6):795-802.Liao C R,Chen M Q.The theoretical logic,scientific connotation and achieving methods of rural revitalization strategy[J].Journal of Agro-Forestry Economics and Management,2017,16(6):795-802.
[17]朱俊峰,苗海民.新常态下的工商资本下乡[J].中国发展观察,2017(15):33-35.Zhu J F,Miao H M.Industry and commence capital in the countryside under new normalcy[J].China Development Observation,2017(15):33-35.
[18]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.Liu Y S.Research on the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization in the new era in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(4):637-650.
[19]李明贤,唐文婷.地域特点、资源整合与农村一二三产业深度融合——来自湖南省涟源市的经验[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(6):963-970.Li M X,Tang W T.Regional characteristics,resource integration,and the deep convergence of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries in rural area:A case study of Lianyuan,Hunan Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(6):963-970.
[20]韩长斌.构建三大体系推进农业现代化——学习习近平总书记安徽小岗村重要讲话体会[J].休闲农业与美丽乡村,2016(11):88-91.Han C F.Constructing three systems to promote agricultural modernization-Learning from Xi Jinping's important speech in Xiaogang Village,Anhui Province[J].Leisure Agriculture and the Beautiful Countryside,2016(11):88-91.
[21]蒋永穆.基于社会主要矛盾变化的乡村振兴战略:内涵及路径[J].社会科学辑刊,2018(2):15-21.Jiang Y M.Rural revitalization strategy based on major social contradictions and changes:Connotation and path[J].Social Science Journal,2018(2):15-21.
[22]曾福生,周静.新常态下中国粮食供求平衡新思路[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(4):553-560.Zeng F S,Zhou J.Research on equilibrium of grain supply and demand under the new normal[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(4):553-560.
[23]黄祖辉.准确把握中国乡村振兴战略[J].中国农村经济,2018(4):2-11.Huang Z H.On the strategy of rural revitalization in China[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2018(4):2-11.
[24]李国祥.实现乡村产业兴旺必须正确认识和处理的若干重大关系[J].中州学刊,2018(1):32-38.Li G X.Exploration on some important relations in realizing the prosperity of the rural industry[J].Academic Journal of Zhongzhou,2018(1):32-38.
[25]晏强,李建华.农村基础设施建设投资存在的问题及其对策研究[J].当代经济研究,2014(3):71-74.Yan Q,Li J H.Problems in the investment on rural infrastructure construction and its countermeasures[J].Contemporary Economic Research,2014(3):71-74.
[26]郭素芳.城乡要素双向流动框架下乡村振兴的内在逻辑与保障机制[J].天津行政学院学报,2018,20(3):33-39.Guo S F.The inherent logic and safeguard mechanism of rural revitalization under the framework of two-way flow of urban and rural elements[J].Journal of Tianjin Administration Institute,2018,20(3):33-39.
[27]刘合光.激活参与主体积极性,大力实施乡村振兴战略[J].农业经济问题,2018(1):14-20.Liu H G.Activating the initiative of main agents in rural vitalization,promoting the implementation of the rural vitalization strategy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2018(1):14-20.
[28]郭晓鸣,张克俊,虞洪,等.实施乡村振兴战略的系统认识与道路选择[J].农村经济,2018(1):11-20.Guo X M,Zhang K J,Yu H,et al.Systematic understanding and path selection of implementing rural rejuvenation strategy[J].Rural Economy,2018(1):11-20.
[29]张晓山.实施乡村振兴战略的几个抓手[J].人民论坛,2017(33):72-74.Zhang X S.The several grips of implementation of rural vitalization strategy[J].People's Tribune,2017(33):72-74.
[30]叶兴庆.新时代中国乡村振兴战略论纲[J].改革,2018(1):65-73.Ye X Q.The general principles of the China's rural vitalization strategy in the new era[J].Reform,2018(1):65-73.