采用直流断路器的对称单极多端柔性直流故障清除策略
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摘要
针对直流断路器应用中直流线路故障快速选择性隔离问题,研究了对称单极多端柔性直流线路故障清除策略。根据对多端直流系统的单极和双极接地故障特性的分析结果,得到了单极和双极故障初期相同的故障电流上升率余弦特性衰减特性。提出了基于电流变化率的方向纵联选线策略,同时设计了采用直流断路器策略实现故障隔离和重合闸的直流线路故障清除方案。通过搭建的PSCAD/EMTDC模型,对单极接地故障时的电流上升率特性和设计的直流线路故障清除策略进行了验证,仿真结果证明了电流上升率特性的正确性以及所述故障清除策略的有效性。
Aiming at the fast selective isolation problem of direct current(DC)line fault in DC circuit breaker application,the fault elimination strategy of symmetric single-pole voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current(VSC-MTDC)transmission line is studied.The characteristics of single-pole-to-ground fault and pole-to-pole fault are analyzed,and the same cosine attenuation characteristics of the fault current changing rate in the early stage of single-pole-to-ground fault and pole-topole fault are obtained.A directional line selection strategy based on current changing rate,and the scheme for fault isolation and fault elimination using DC circuit breaker and reclosing strategy are designed respectively.The characteristic of fault current changing rate in the single-pole-to-ground fault and DC fault elimination strategy are verified based on PSCAD/EMTDC.Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the current changing rate characteristic and the effectiveness of the designed strategy for the elimination of the fault.
Aiming at the fast selective isolation problem of direct current(DC)line fault in DC circuit breaker application,the fault elimination strategy of symmetric single-pole voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current(VSC-MTDC)transmission line is studied.The characteristics of single-pole-to-ground fault and pole-to-pole fault are analyzed,and the same cosine attenuation characteristics of the fault current changing rate in the early stage of single-pole-to-ground fault and pole-topole fault are obtained.A directional line selection strategy based on current changing rate,and the scheme for fault isolation and fault elimination using DC circuit breaker and reclosing strategy are designed respectively.The characteristic of fault current changing rate in the single-pole-to-ground fault and DC fault elimination strategy are verified based on PSCAD/EMTDC.Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the current changing rate characteristic and the effectiveness of the designed strategy for the elimination of the fault.
引文
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[18]庞玉彬,朱大宾,霍群海,等.具有故障隔离能力的新型MMC子模块及混联桥臂拓扑[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(18):131-135.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170911002.PANG Yubin,ZHU Dabin,HUO Qunhai,et al.A new type of MMC sub-module and hybrid arm topology with capability of fault isolation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(18):131-135.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170911002.
[19]向往,林卫星,文劲宇.自阻型模块化多电平换流器故障后恢复策略与等值模型[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):84-92.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160427001.XIANG Wang,LIN Weixing,WEN Jinyu.Fast recovery strategy and equivalent electromagnetic model of self-blocking modular multilevel converters[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):84-92.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160427001.
[20]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[21]刘剑,邰能灵,范春菊,等.柔性直流输电线路故障处理与保护技术评述[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(20):158-167.LIU Jian,TAI Nengling,FAN Chunju,et al.Comments on fault handling and protection technology for VSC-HVDCtransmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(20):158-167.
[22]李斌,何佳伟,冯亚东,等.多端柔性直流电网保护关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):2-12.LI Bin,HE Jiawei,FENG Yadong,et al.Key techniques for protection of multi-terminal flexible DC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):2-12.
[23]李斌,何佳伟,李晔,等.多端柔性直流系统直流故障保护方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4627-4637.LI Bin,HE Jiawei,LI Ye,et al.DC fault protection strategy for the flexible multi-terminal DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(17):4627-4637.
[24]周家培,赵成勇,李承昱,等.基于直流电抗器电压的多端柔性直流电网边界保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.ZHOU Jiapei,ZHAO Chengyong,LI Chengyu,et al.Boundary protection scheme for multi-terminal flexible DC grid based on voltage of DC reactor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.
[25]阙波,李继红,汪楠楠,等.基于桥臂阻尼的柔性直流故障快速恢复方案[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(24):85-91.QUE Bo,LI Jihong,WANG Nannan,et al.Arm damping based quick recovery scheme for flexible HVDC fault[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(24):85-91.
[26]王柯,李继红,田杰,等.多端柔性直流故障快速恢复系统控制策略[J].供用电,2017,34(8):2-7.WANG Ke,LI Jihong,TIAN Jie,et al.Control strategy of quick recovery system with multi-terminals HVDC DC fault[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):2-7.
[27]赵西贝,许建中,卢铁兵,等.采用架空线的MMC-HVDC单极接地过电压分析[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(7):44-49.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180115008.ZHAO Xibei,XU Jianzhong,LU Tiebing,et al.Overvoltage analysis on overhead line based MMC-HVDC system under single-pole-to-ground[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(7):44-49.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180115008.
[2]ASPLUND G,JACOBSON B,BERGGREN B,et al.Technical limitations towards a supergrid:a European prospective[C]//IEEE International Energy Conference and Exhibition,December 18-22,2010,Manama,Bahrain:302-309.
[3]VRANA T K,TORRES-OLGUIN R E,LIU B,et al.The North Sea super grid:a technical perspective[C]//IET 9th International Conference on Digital Object Identifier,October19-21,London,UK:1-5.
[4]CIGRE B4-52Working Group.HVDC grid feasibility study[R/OL].[2018-01-14].http://www.ee.co.za/article/cigre-233-01-hvdc-grid-feasibility-study.html.
[5]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):8-17.TANG Guangfu,LUO Xiang,WEI Xiaoguang.Multi-terminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17.
[6]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(13):7-12.WEN Jialiang,WU Rui,PENG Chang,et al.Analysis of DCgrid prospects in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(13):7-12.
[7]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5051-5062.XU Zheng,XUE Yinglin,ZHANG Zheren.VSC-HVDCtechnology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmission[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5051-5062.
[8]张祖安,黎小林,陈名,等.应用于南澳多端柔性直流工程中的高压直流断路器关键技术参数研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(8):2417-2422.ZHANG Zu’an,LI Xiaolin,CHEN Ming,et al.Research on critical technical parameters of HVDC circuit breakers applied in Nan’ao multi-terminal VSC-HVDC project[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(8):2417-2422.
[9]HAFNER J,JACOBSON B.Proactive hybrid HVDCbreakers-a key innovation for reliable HVDC grids[C]//Integrating Supergrids and Microgrids International Symposium,September 13-15,2011,Bologna,Italy:1-9.
[10]刘高任,许烽,徐政,等.适用于直流电网的组合式高压直流断路器[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):70-77.LIU Gaoren,XU Feng,XU Zheng,et al.An assembled HVDC breaker for HVDC grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):70-77.
[11]魏晓光,杨兵建,贺之渊,等.级联全桥型直流断路器控制策略及其动态模拟试验[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):129-135.WEI Xiaoguang,YANG Bingjian,HE Zhiyuan,et al.Control strategy and physical dynamic simulation of cascaded fullbridge DC circuit breaker[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):129-135.
[12]BARKER C D,WHITEHOUSE R S,ADAMCZYK A G,et al.Designing fault tolerant HVDC networks with a limited need for HVDC circuit breaker operation[C]//CIGRESession,August 26-30,2014,Paris,France.
[13]南京南瑞继保电气有限公司.一种使线路双向电流分断的装置及其控制方法:103972855[P].2016-12-28.NR Electric Co.Ltd.An apparatus and control method for breaking the bi-directional line current:103972855[P].2016-12-28.
[14]李斌,何佳伟.多端柔性直流电网故障隔离技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):87-95.LI Bin,HE Jiawei.Research on the DC fault isolating technique in multi-terminal DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(1):87-95.
[15]董云龙,汪楠楠,田杰,等.一种新型模块化多电平换流器[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):116-121.DONG Yunlong,WANG Nannan,TIAN Jie,et al.A novel modular multilevel converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):116-121.
[16]孟新涵,李可军,王卓迪,等.混合型MMC拓扑及应用于MTDC直流故障穿越能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(24):72-79.MENG Xinhan,LI Kejun,WANG Zhuodi,et al.A hybrid MMC topology and its DC fault ride-through capability analysis when applied to MTDC system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(24):72-79.
[17]朱明琳,杭丽君,李国杰.基于不对称双子模块的混合MMC及其直流故障自清除能力[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(17):66-71.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161220003.ZHU Minglin,HANG Lijun,LI Guojie.Hybrid MMC based on asymmetrical double commutated cells and its DC fault clearance capability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(17):66-71.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161220003.
[18]庞玉彬,朱大宾,霍群海,等.具有故障隔离能力的新型MMC子模块及混联桥臂拓扑[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(18):131-135.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170911002.PANG Yubin,ZHU Dabin,HUO Qunhai,et al.A new type of MMC sub-module and hybrid arm topology with capability of fault isolation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(18):131-135.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170911002.
[19]向往,林卫星,文劲宇.自阻型模块化多电平换流器故障后恢复策略与等值模型[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):84-92.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160427001.XIANG Wang,LIN Weixing,WEN Jinyu.Fast recovery strategy and equivalent electromagnetic model of self-blocking modular multilevel converters[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):84-92.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160427001.
[20]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[21]刘剑,邰能灵,范春菊,等.柔性直流输电线路故障处理与保护技术评述[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(20):158-167.LIU Jian,TAI Nengling,FAN Chunju,et al.Comments on fault handling and protection technology for VSC-HVDCtransmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(20):158-167.
[22]李斌,何佳伟,冯亚东,等.多端柔性直流电网保护关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):2-12.LI Bin,HE Jiawei,FENG Yadong,et al.Key techniques for protection of multi-terminal flexible DC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):2-12.
[23]李斌,何佳伟,李晔,等.多端柔性直流系统直流故障保护方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4627-4637.LI Bin,HE Jiawei,LI Ye,et al.DC fault protection strategy for the flexible multi-terminal DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(17):4627-4637.
[24]周家培,赵成勇,李承昱,等.基于直流电抗器电压的多端柔性直流电网边界保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.ZHOU Jiapei,ZHAO Chengyong,LI Chengyu,et al.Boundary protection scheme for multi-terminal flexible DC grid based on voltage of DC reactor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.
[25]阙波,李继红,汪楠楠,等.基于桥臂阻尼的柔性直流故障快速恢复方案[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(24):85-91.QUE Bo,LI Jihong,WANG Nannan,et al.Arm damping based quick recovery scheme for flexible HVDC fault[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(24):85-91.
[26]王柯,李继红,田杰,等.多端柔性直流故障快速恢复系统控制策略[J].供用电,2017,34(8):2-7.WANG Ke,LI Jihong,TIAN Jie,et al.Control strategy of quick recovery system with multi-terminals HVDC DC fault[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):2-7.
[27]赵西贝,许建中,卢铁兵,等.采用架空线的MMC-HVDC单极接地过电压分析[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(7):44-49.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180115008.ZHAO Xibei,XU Jianzhong,LU Tiebing,et al.Overvoltage analysis on overhead line based MMC-HVDC system under single-pole-to-ground[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(7):44-49.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180115008.