雪岭云杉林叶片碳氮化学计量特征及其与土壤理化因子的关系
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摘要
碳(C)、氮(N)对于植物生长和生理调节机能意义重大。研究雪岭云杉林叶片C、N化学计量特征随土壤理化因子的变化特征,对于认识森林生态系统的分布格局和未来变化趋势具有重要意义,为进一步探讨全球变化对植物的影响提供科学依据。以雪岭云杉林叶片为研究对象,利用统计分析探究叶片C、N化学计量的变化特征,并利用冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)技术对叶片C、N化学计量特征与土壤理化因子的关系进行研究。研究结果表明,叶片C含量的平均值为465.28 g·kg~(-1),变异系数为14%;叶片N含量的平均值为6.54 g·kg~(-1),变异系数为42%;土壤C/N的平均值为90.63,变异系数为82%。冗余分析的结果表明,在0～30 cm层中,叶片C、N化学计量特征主要受到土壤含水量和pH的驱动,土壤含水量与叶片C/N之间呈正相关关系,与叶片C、N含量之间呈负相关关系;pH与叶片C、N含量成正比,与C/N成反比;在30～80 cm层中,土壤含水量和土壤粘粒含量是影响叶片C、N化学计量特征的主要因素,土壤含水量和叶片C/N之间呈正比,土壤粘粒含量与C、N含量之间呈正比,与叶片C/N之间呈反比;pH、土壤C、N含量对叶片C、N化学计量特征的影响不显著。
Carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) play important roles in plant growth and physiological functions.Study of the relationship between the C and N content in leaves of a plant and its environmental factors contributes to elucidating the supply of plant nutrients and plant growth in different environments which is of great significance to understand the distribution pattern of forest ecosystems and the trend of future changes,and even the response of plants to global change.This paper took the leaves of Picea schrenkiana(Schrenk's spruce)forests and the corresponding soil of the trees as the study objects.With samples collected from the field,we retrieved the C and N contents in the leaves and analyzed different soil layers.Then we evaluated the variation of C and N stoichiometric characteristics through statistical analysis.Finally,the redundancy analysis(RDA)was used to investigate the relationships between the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N from the leaves and the soil physicochemical factors.The results showed that the average concentrations of C and N in the leaf were 465.28 g·kg~(-1) and 6.54 g·kg~(-1) respectively,and the variation coefficient were 14% and 82% respectively.The RDA showed that in the soil layer from 0 to 30 cm the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N in the leaf were mainly affected by soil water content and its acidity-alkalinity.For the soil water content,there was a positive correlation with the C/N ratio but a negative correlation with the C and N content in the leaf while for the acidity-alkalinity of the soil,there was a positive correlation with C and N contents in the leaf but a negative correlation with the C/N ratio.In the soil layer from 30 to 80 cm,the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N in the leaf were mainly affected by soil water content and soil clay content.Specifically,for soil water content,there was a positive correlation with the C/N ratio.For soil clay content,there was a positive correlation with C and N contents but a negative correlation with the C/N ratio.Additionally,there were not significant relationships between pH and the C and N contents in the soil and the leaf's C and N stoichiometric characteristics.The soil water content in different soil layers was related to the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N from the leaf,which indicated that the soil water content had certain effects on nutrient uptake by plants,and that was not related to the soil depth.
Carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) play important roles in plant growth and physiological functions.Study of the relationship between the C and N content in leaves of a plant and its environmental factors contributes to elucidating the supply of plant nutrients and plant growth in different environments which is of great significance to understand the distribution pattern of forest ecosystems and the trend of future changes,and even the response of plants to global change.This paper took the leaves of Picea schrenkiana(Schrenk's spruce)forests and the corresponding soil of the trees as the study objects.With samples collected from the field,we retrieved the C and N contents in the leaves and analyzed different soil layers.Then we evaluated the variation of C and N stoichiometric characteristics through statistical analysis.Finally,the redundancy analysis(RDA)was used to investigate the relationships between the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N from the leaves and the soil physicochemical factors.The results showed that the average concentrations of C and N in the leaf were 465.28 g·kg~(-1) and 6.54 g·kg~(-1) respectively,and the variation coefficient were 14% and 82% respectively.The RDA showed that in the soil layer from 0 to 30 cm the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N in the leaf were mainly affected by soil water content and its acidity-alkalinity.For the soil water content,there was a positive correlation with the C/N ratio but a negative correlation with the C and N content in the leaf while for the acidity-alkalinity of the soil,there was a positive correlation with C and N contents in the leaf but a negative correlation with the C/N ratio.In the soil layer from 30 to 80 cm,the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N in the leaf were mainly affected by soil water content and soil clay content.Specifically,for soil water content,there was a positive correlation with the C/N ratio.For soil clay content,there was a positive correlation with C and N contents but a negative correlation with the C/N ratio.Additionally,there were not significant relationships between pH and the C and N contents in the soil and the leaf's C and N stoichiometric characteristics.The soil water content in different soil layers was related to the stoichiometric characteristics of C and N from the leaf,which indicated that the soil water content had certain effects on nutrient uptake by plants,and that was not related to the soil depth.
引文
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[2] 李征,韩琳,刘玉虹,等.滨海盐地碱蓬不同生长阶段叶片C、N、P化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(10):1054-1061.[LI Zheng,HAN Lin,LIU Yuhong,et al.C,N and P stoichiometric characteristics in leaves of Suaeda salsa during different growth phase in coastal wetlands of China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2012,36(10):1054-1061.]
[3] HE M,DIJKSTRTA F A.Drought effect on plant nitrogen and phosphorus:A meta-analysis[J].New Phytologist,2014,204(4):924.
[4] WAAL D B V D,VERSCHOORA M,VERSPAGEN J M,et al.Climate-driven changes in the ecological stoichiometry of aquatic ecosystems[J].Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2010,8(3):145-152.
[5] ELSERJ J,FAGAN W F,KERKHOFF A J,et al.Biological stoichiometry of plant production:metabolism,scaling and ecological response to global change[J].New Phytologist,2010,186(3):593-608.
[6] CLELAND E E.Nutrient co-limitation of primary producer communities[J].Ecology Letters,2011,14(9):852-862.
[7] 孙美美,关晋宏,岳军伟,等.黄土高原西部针叶林植物器官与土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):202-208.[SUN Meimei,GUAN Jinhong,YUE Junwei,et al.Carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry in plant organs and soil of coniferous forests on the western Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(3):202-208.]
[8] 卢同平,张文翔,牛洁,等.典型自然带土壤氮磷化学计量空间分异特征及其驱动因素研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(3):682-692.[LU Tongping,ZHANG Wenxiang,NIU Jie,et al.Study on spatial variability and driving factors of stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil of typical natural zones of China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2017,54(3):682-692.]
[9] 任运涛,徐翀,张晨曦,等.贺兰山青海云衫针叶C、N、P含量及其计量比随环境因子的变化特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(6):185-191.[REN Yuntao,XU Chong,ZHANG Chenxi,et al.Variations in leaf C,N,P and stoichiometric of Picea crassifolia along the environmental gradient in Helan Mountains[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(6):185-191.]
[10] 王春杰,朱志梅,张仁慧,等.陕北榆林地区沙漠化土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性及其与植物C,N的关系[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(5):57-62.[WANG Chunjie,ZHU Zhimei,ZHANG Renhui,et al.Relations of soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities with plant C and N in Yulin area of north Shaanxi Province[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,30(5):57-62.]
[11] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].第3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.[BAO Shidan.Soil agrochemical analysis[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.]
[12] ZHAO N,HE N,WANG Q,et al.The altitudinal patterns of leaf C ∶N ∶P stoichiometry are regulated by plant growth form,climate and soil on Changbai Mountain,China[J].Plos One,2014,9(4):e95196.
[13] 李玉霖,毛伟,赵学勇,等.北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征研究[J].环境科学,2010,31(8):1716-1725.[LI Yulin,MAO Wei,ZHAO Xueyong,et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in typical desert and desertified regions,North China[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2010,31(8):1716-1725.]
[14] 李红林,贡璐,朱美玲,等.塔里木盆地北缘绿洲土壤化学计量特征[J].土壤学报,2015,52(6):1345-1355.[LI Honglin,GONG Lu,ZHU Meiling,et al.Stoichiometric characteristics of soil in an oasis on northern edge of Tarim Basin,China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2015,52(6):1345-1355.]
[15] 刘旻霞,车应弟,李俐蓉,等.甘南高寒草甸微地形上植物叶片特征与环境因子的冗余分析[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(9):2473-2480.[LIU Minxia,CHE Yingdi,LI Lirong,et al.Redundancy analysis of leaf traits and environmental factors of alpine meadow in Southern Gansu Province[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,36(9):2473-2480.]
[16] HAN W,FANG J,GUO D,et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J].New Phytologist,2005,168(2):377-385.
[17] HAO X M,LI W H,XIANG H,et al.Assessment of the groundwater threshold of desert riparian forest vegetation along the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River,China[J].Hydrological Processes,2010,24(2):178-186.
[18] 刘旻霞,王刚.高寒草甸植物群落多样性及土壤因子对坡向的响应[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):259-265.[LIU Minxia,WANG Gang.Responses of plant community diversity and soil factors to slope aspect in alpine meadow[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(2):259-265.]
[19] 刘育红,魏卫东,杨元武,等.高寒草甸退化草地植被与土壤因子关系冗余分析[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(4):480-490.[LIU Yuhong,WEI Weidong,YANG Yuanwu,et al.Redundancy analysis on relationships between grassland vegetation and soil factors on degraded alpine meadow[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2018,27(4):480-490.]
[20] 郑丽婷,苏田,刘翔宇,等.庙岛群岛典型植物群落物种、功能、结构多样性及其对环境因子的响应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(2):343-351.[ZHENG Liting,SU Tian,LIU Xiangyu,et al.Species,functional,structural diversity of typical plant communities and their responses to environmental factors in Miao Archipelago,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(2):343-351.]
[21] 宋娟丽.黄土高原草地土壤质量特征及评价研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.[Song Juanli.The characteristics and evaluation on soil quality of grassland in Loess Plateau[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2010.]
[22] REICH P B,OLEKSYN J.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(30):11001.
[23] ZHAN X,YU G,HE N.Effects of plant functional types,climate and soil nitrogen on leaf nitrogen along the north-south transect of eastern China[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2013,4(2):125-132.
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