PVC/α-MSAN/ABS共混物的力学性能与形态结构
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摘要
采用熔融共混的方法将聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂、α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(α-MSAN)和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯接枝共聚物(ABS)共混,通过改变共混物的组成,制备了一系列不同橡胶含量和基体组成的PVC/α-MSAN/ABS共混物,研究了共混物的力学性能及形变机理。结果发现,随着基体树脂中PVC含量的增加,共混物的冲击韧性显著提高,而拉伸强度逐渐降低,同时促使共混物发生脆韧转变所需的橡胶含量逐渐减少。形态结构研究表明,由于基体树脂链缠结密度的增加,共混物的形变机理逐渐由银纹向剪切屈服转变,进而导致体系韧性的增加。
By melt blending polyvinyl chloride(PVC),α-methyl styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer(α-MSAN) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS),a series of PVC / α-MSAN / ABS ternary blends with the different rubber content and matrix composition were obtained,and the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of PVC / α-MSAN /ABS blends were studied.It is found that increase of the PVC content in matrix results in a continuous increase of the impact strength and an obvious decrease of tensile strength,while the brittle-ductile transition of the blends shifts to lower rubber content.The morphology results show that there exist a transition in the deformation mechanism from crazing to shear yielding with increase of chain entanglement density of the matrix,resulting in the toughness of blends improved.
By melt blending polyvinyl chloride(PVC),α-methyl styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer(α-MSAN) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS),a series of PVC / α-MSAN / ABS ternary blends with the different rubber content and matrix composition were obtained,and the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of PVC / α-MSAN /ABS blends were studied.It is found that increase of the PVC content in matrix results in a continuous increase of the impact strength and an obvious decrease of tensile strength,while the brittle-ductile transition of the blends shifts to lower rubber content.The morphology results show that there exist a transition in the deformation mechanism from crazing to shear yielding with increase of chain entanglement density of the matrix,resulting in the toughness of blends improved.
引文
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[3]Wu S.Chain structure,phase morphology,and toughness relationships in polymer and blends[J].Polym.Eng.Sci.,1990,30:753-761.
[4]Kim H,Keskkula H,Paul D R.Toughening of SAN copolymers by an SAN emulsion grafted rubber[J].Polymer,1990,31:869-876.
[5]Zhou C,Si Q B,Tan Z Y,et al.Effect of matrix composition on the fracture behavior of rubber-modified PMMA/PVC blends[J].Polym.Bull.,2007,58:979-988.
[6]Moon H S,Kim M H,Park O O.Mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/α-methyl-styrene-acrylonitrile blends prepared by melt extrusion[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,2009,111:237-245.
[7]Heymans N.Diffuse versus point entanglements-homopolymers and blends[J].J.Mater.Sci.,1986,21:1919-1926.
[8]Dompas D,Groeninckx G,Isogawa M,et al.Cavitation versus debonding during deformation of rubber-modified poly(vinyl chloride)[J].Polymer,1995,36:437-441.
[9]Lazzeri A,Bucknall C B.Dilatational bands in rubber-toughened polymers[J].J.Mater.Sci.,1993,28:6799-6808.