艾叶挥发性成分对气候因子的响应研究
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摘要
该研究利用顶空固相微萃取与气质联用结合的方法对产自甘肃崆峒、陕西黄龙、陕西安康、湖北蕲春及河南桐柏的艾叶的挥发性成分进行检测,并通过灰色关联分析的方法探究气候因子对主要挥发性成分含量的影响。从5个产地的艾叶中分别鉴定出54,52,57,47,55个成分,主要为单萜类、倍半萜类及其含氧衍生物、醛、烷烃及苯系化合物等,其中18种为共有成分。桉油精、樟脑、松油烯-4-醇、丁香酚和石竹烯是艾叶的主要挥发性成分。灰色关联分析显示,年极低温度和年日照时数对桉油精和樟脑含量的影响较大;年降水量和年有效积温对松油烯-4-醇和石竹烯含量的影响较大;而年日照时数和年极高温度则对丁香酚是较为主要的影响因子。长日照与极端温度条件可能更有利于艾叶挥发性物质的积累,可据此优化艾的栽培条件或选择适宜产区,提高艾叶品质。
Combined headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),this paper studied the volatiles of Artemisiae Argyi Folium that respectively collected from Kongdong,Huanglong,Ankang,Qichun and Tongbai,and then explored the influence of climatic factors on the main components of the volatiles. The results showed that 54,52,57,47 and 55 compounds were respectively identified from the leaves from five regions,mainly consist of monoterpenes,sesquiterpenoids and their oxygen-containing derivatives,a few aldehydes,alkanes and benzenes. It is different that the volatiles of Artemisiae Argyi Folium that collected in different habitats,neither composition nor content. There are total 18 kinds of compounds that exist in all five leaves. Eucalyptol,camphor,terpinen-4-ol,eugenol and caryophyllene could be considered to be the main conponents because of their efficacy or toxicity and relatively high content. Grey correlation analysis shows that the annual lowest temperature and annual sunshine duration have a great influence on the content of eucalyptol and camphor; the effect of annual precipitation and annual accumulated temperature on the content of terpinen-4-ol and caryophyllene was relatively significant; while the annual sunshine duration and the annual highest temperature are the main influencing factors for eugenol. The research suggests that long-day and extreme temperature may be more conductive to the accumulation of volatiles. According to the laws of effect of climatic factors on volatiles,we can optimize the cultivation conditions and select suitable locality to improve the quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium.
Combined headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),this paper studied the volatiles of Artemisiae Argyi Folium that respectively collected from Kongdong,Huanglong,Ankang,Qichun and Tongbai,and then explored the influence of climatic factors on the main components of the volatiles. The results showed that 54,52,57,47 and 55 compounds were respectively identified from the leaves from five regions,mainly consist of monoterpenes,sesquiterpenoids and their oxygen-containing derivatives,a few aldehydes,alkanes and benzenes. It is different that the volatiles of Artemisiae Argyi Folium that collected in different habitats,neither composition nor content. There are total 18 kinds of compounds that exist in all five leaves. Eucalyptol,camphor,terpinen-4-ol,eugenol and caryophyllene could be considered to be the main conponents because of their efficacy or toxicity and relatively high content. Grey correlation analysis shows that the annual lowest temperature and annual sunshine duration have a great influence on the content of eucalyptol and camphor; the effect of annual precipitation and annual accumulated temperature on the content of terpinen-4-ol and caryophyllene was relatively significant; while the annual sunshine duration and the annual highest temperature are the main influencing factors for eugenol. The research suggests that long-day and extreme temperature may be more conductive to the accumulation of volatiles. According to the laws of effect of climatic factors on volatiles,we can optimize the cultivation conditions and select suitable locality to improve the quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium.
引文
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[5]李春娜,占颖,刘洋洋,等.艾蒿药理作用和开发利用研究进展[J].中华中医药杂志,2014(12):3889.
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[15]张元,康利平,詹志来,等.不同采收时间对艾叶挥发油及其挥发性主成分与毒性成分变化的影响[J].世界科学技术——中医药现代化,2016,18(3):410.
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[18]GouinguenéS P,T C J Turlings.The effects of abiotic factors on induced volatile emissions in corn plants[J].Plant Physiol,2002,129(3):1296.
[19]张小波,周涛,郭兰萍,等.苗药大果木姜子挥发油成分变化及其地理分布[J].生态学报,2011,31(18):5299.
[20]郭兰萍,黄璐琦,阎洪,等.基于地理信息系统的苍术道地药材气候生态特征研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(8):565.
[21]唐代萍.民族药多伞阿魏挥发油成分与遗传、生态因子相关性研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2015.
[22]赵凤君,舒立福.气候变化对针叶树挥发油含量及易燃性和燃烧性的影响研究进展[C].杭州:中国林业青年学术年会,2008.
[23]刘永国,张晓梅,艾娜丝,等.同时蒸馏萃取-气质联用分析艾草挥发性成分[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(6):170.
[24]李玲,吕磊,董昕,等.运用GC-MS对三种不同方法提取的艾叶挥发油成分的比较分析[J].药学实践杂志,2012,30(4):279.
[25]孙芳芳.浅议灰色关联度分析方法及其应用[J].科技信息,2010,2(17):886.
[26]谭学瑞,邓聚龙.灰色关联分析:多因素统计分析新方法[J].统计研究,1995,12(3):46.
[27]郭原,郭文扬.灰色关联分析中分辨系数的确定方法[J].干旱环境监测,1994(3):132.
[28]徐巧萍,王砚,唐法娣,等.1,8-桉油精对卵白蛋白致哮喘豚鼠的气道高反应性和炎症的抑制作用[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2010,24(1):35.
[29]张丽佳,薛银,张岑容,等.桉油精的抗菌抗炎作用研究[J].中国兽药杂志,2013,47(3):21.
[30]J A Klocke,M V Darlington,M F Balandrin.1,8-Cineole(eucalyptol),a mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellent from volatile oil of Hemizonia fitchii(Asteraceae)[J].J Chem Ecol,1987,13(12):2131.
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[32]丁元刚,马红梅,张伯礼.樟脑药理毒理研究回顾及安全性研究展望[J].中国药物警戒,2012,9(1):38.
[33]熊颖,吴雪茹,涂兴明,等.樟脑的药学研究进展[J].检验医学与临床,2009,6(12):999.
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