内弹道两相流三维并行数值模拟
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摘要
为解决火炮内弹道两相流三维数值模拟的计算工作量大及仿真精度低问题,基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法建立火炮内弹道三维两相流模型,采用MPI方法进行了分区并行计算。三维控制方程采用高阶MUSCL格式进行空间离散,时间方向采用4阶龙格-库塔法进行求解。三维数值模拟结果揭示了火炮内弹道两相流动过程的三维发展特性,计算得到的内弹道特征参数与文献[20]结果符合较好。分析了不同点火管长度及管径对于内弹道性能的影响,为后续开展多维点火性能的优化研究提供了理论基础。并行数值实验表明,采用24个进程的内弹道三维计算,并行效率可提高50%左右。
A three-dimensional two-phase flow model based on arbitrary Lagrange-Euler method is established to improve the computational accuracy and cost of three-dimensional simulation for interior ballistic in guns. The three-dimensional governing equations are discretized with the MUSCL scheme. The fourthorder Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the time orientation. The numerical method is coded and compiled in the MPI parallel environment. The numerical simulation shows the detailed three-dimensional development of the two-phase flow behavior. The calculated results are in good agreement with the results in Ref. [20]. The effects of different igniter lengths and diameters on interior ballistic performance are analyzed. Parallel numerical studies show that the parallel efficiency can be reduced by about 50% using interior ballistic three-dimensional calculation of 24 processes.
A three-dimensional two-phase flow model based on arbitrary Lagrange-Euler method is established to improve the computational accuracy and cost of three-dimensional simulation for interior ballistic in guns. The three-dimensional governing equations are discretized with the MUSCL scheme. The fourthorder Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the time orientation. The numerical method is coded and compiled in the MPI parallel environment. The numerical simulation shows the detailed three-dimensional development of the two-phase flow behavior. The calculated results are in good agreement with the results in Ref. [20]. The effects of different igniter lengths and diameters on interior ballistic performance are analyzed. Parallel numerical studies show that the parallel efficiency can be reduced by about 50% using interior ballistic three-dimensional calculation of 24 processes.
引文
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[4]MIURA H,MATSUO A,NAKAMURA Y.Multi-dimensional simulation on ignition stage of granular solid propellant varying primer configuration[J].International Journal of Energetic Materials&Chemical Propulsion,2008,7(6):507-522.
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[14]程诚,张小兵.某制导炮弹二维两相流内弹道性能分析与数值模拟研究[J].兵工学报.2015,36(1):58-63.CHENG C,ZHANG X B.Two dimensional numerical simulation on two phase flow interior ballistic performance of a guided projectile[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015,36(1):58-63.(in Chinese)
[15]CHENG C,ZHANG X B.Influence of serial and parallel structures on the two-phase flow behaviors for dual combustion chambers with a propelled body[J].Powder Technology,2017,314:442-454.
[16]TREPANIER J Y,REGGIO M,ZHANG H,et al.A finite-volume method for the Euler equations on arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian grids[J].Computers&Fluids,1991,20(4):399-409.
[17]HIRT C W,AMSDEN A A,COOK J L.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian computing method for all flow speeds[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1974,14(3):227-253.
[18]TORO E F.Riemann solvers and numerical methods for fluid dynamics:a practical introduction[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer,2009.
[19]都志辉.高性能计算并行编程技术---MPI并行程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.DU Z H.High performance computing parallel programming technique:MPI parallel program design[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[20]WOODLEY C R,BILLETT S,LOWE C,et al.The FHIBS internal ballistics code[C]∥Proceedings of the 22nd International Symposium on Ballistics.Lancaster,Canada:International Ballistic Society,2005:322-329.
[21]张会生,苏明,张小兵,等.基于两相流动理论的点传火优化仿真[J].南京理工大学学报,2001,25(2):194-199.ZHANG H S,SU M,ZHANG X B,et al.Optimization simulation of ignition and flame spreading based on two-phase flow[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2001,25(2):194-199.(in Chinese)
[2]王升晨,周彦煌,刘千里,等.膛内多相燃烧理论及应用[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1994.WANG S C,ZHOU Y H,LIU Q L,et al.In-bore multiphase combustion theory and its application[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Ordnance Industry,1994.(in Chinese)
[3]NUSSBAUM J,HELLUY P,HERARD J M,et al.Multi-dimensional two-phase flow modeling applied to interior ballistics[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics-Transactions of the ASME,2011,78(5):748-760.
[4]MIURA H,MATSUO A,NAKAMURA Y.Multi-dimensional simulation on ignition stage of granular solid propellant varying primer configuration[J].International Journal of Energetic Materials&Chemical Propulsion,2008,7(6):507-522.
[5]GEORGI S,POCOCK M,WOODLEY C R,et al.Linking twoand one-dimensional internal ballistics analyses[C]∥Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Ballistics.Atlanta,GA,US:International Ballistic Society,2014:382-393.
[6]WOODLEY C R,CLARIDGE R,JOHNSON N,et al.Ignition and combustion of pyrotechnics at low pressures and at temperature extremes[C]∥Proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Ballistics.Long Beach,CA,US:International Ballistic Society,2017:474-478.
[7]NUSCA M J,GOUGH P S.Numerical model of multiphase flows applied to solid propellant combustion in gun systems[C]∥Proceedings of the 34th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference.Cleveland,OH,US:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1998:AIAA-98-3695.
[8]HORST A W,NUSCA M J.The charge designer's workbench:a range of interior ballistic modeling tools:ARL-TR-3796[R].Aberdeen Proving Ground,MD,US:Army Research Laboratory,2006.
[9]MIURA H,MATSUO A,NAKAMURA Y.Three-dimensional simulation of pressure fluctuation in a granular solid propellant chamber within an ignition stage[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2011,36(3):259-267.
[10]JANG J S,OH S H,ROH T S.Development of three-dimensional numerical model for combustion-flow in interior ballistics[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology.2016,30(4):1631-1637.
[11]刘千里,王升晨,李启明.中心点火装药结构三维两相流内弹道数值模拟[J].火炮发射与控制学报.1996,17(3):1-9.LIU Q L,WANG S C,Li Q M.Interior ballistics simulation of three-dimensional two-phase with central igniter[J].Journal of Gun Launch and Control.1996,17(3):1-9.(in Chinese)
[12]翁春生,金志明,袁亚雄.高含能颗粒床中瞬变点传火过程的三维两相流数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击.1996,16(3):11-19.WENG C S,JIN Z M,YUAN Y X.Simulation of tree-dimensional two-phase flow ignition and instantaneous process of flame spreading in high energy particle bed[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1996,16(3):11-19.(in Chinese)
[13]张小兵,金志明,袁亚雄.分装式高装填密度火炮内弹道两维多相流数值模拟[J].兵工学报.1998,19(1):10-15.ZHANG X B,JIN Z M,YUAN Y X.Two-dimensional multiphase flow numerical simulation of interior ballistics processes in a separated-loaded gun[J].Acta Armamentarii,1998,19(1):10-15.(in Chinese)
[14]程诚,张小兵.某制导炮弹二维两相流内弹道性能分析与数值模拟研究[J].兵工学报.2015,36(1):58-63.CHENG C,ZHANG X B.Two dimensional numerical simulation on two phase flow interior ballistic performance of a guided projectile[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015,36(1):58-63.(in Chinese)
[15]CHENG C,ZHANG X B.Influence of serial and parallel structures on the two-phase flow behaviors for dual combustion chambers with a propelled body[J].Powder Technology,2017,314:442-454.
[16]TREPANIER J Y,REGGIO M,ZHANG H,et al.A finite-volume method for the Euler equations on arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian grids[J].Computers&Fluids,1991,20(4):399-409.
[17]HIRT C W,AMSDEN A A,COOK J L.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian computing method for all flow speeds[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1974,14(3):227-253.
[18]TORO E F.Riemann solvers and numerical methods for fluid dynamics:a practical introduction[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer,2009.
[19]都志辉.高性能计算并行编程技术---MPI并行程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.DU Z H.High performance computing parallel programming technique:MPI parallel program design[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[20]WOODLEY C R,BILLETT S,LOWE C,et al.The FHIBS internal ballistics code[C]∥Proceedings of the 22nd International Symposium on Ballistics.Lancaster,Canada:International Ballistic Society,2005:322-329.
[21]张会生,苏明,张小兵,等.基于两相流动理论的点传火优化仿真[J].南京理工大学学报,2001,25(2):194-199.ZHANG H S,SU M,ZHANG X B,et al.Optimization simulation of ignition and flame spreading based on two-phase flow[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2001,25(2):194-199.(in Chinese)