不同种源文冠果叶片气孔分布特征对水分胁迫的响应
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摘要
[目的]探究不同种源文冠果叶片气孔分布特征对水分胁迫的响应,了解其耐旱性差异,为节水耐旱文冠果种源的选择提供依据。[方法]以集中分布在华北地区的3个不同种源文冠果幼苗为研究对象,通过盆栽控水方法设置充足水分(W1)、正常供水(W2)、轻度干旱(W3)和重度干旱(W4)4个水分梯度,采用指甲油印迹技术,研究不同种源文冠果叶片气孔分布特征对水分胁迫的响应。[结果]表明:不同种源文冠果的气孔均分布在叶片的下表皮,随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,气孔变得小而多,趋于旱生植物的叶片气孔分布结构特征;气孔分布特征对水分胁迫的响应存在显著的差异性,与河南三门峡、山西晋中两个种源相比,河北承德种源叶片在不同水分胁迫处理下均具有小而多的气孔,以及较强的气孔调节能力。[结论] 3个种源文冠果叶片气孔分布特征均存在着不同程度的趋于旱生结构;河北承德种源文冠果叶片气孔器比其他2个种源均相对小而多,且调节能力强,属华北地区抗旱优良种源。
[Objective] By means of exploring the response of stomatal distribution characteristics of different Yellow horn(Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) provenances to water stress, to understand the difference in drought tolerance, and provide references for the selection of water-saving and drought-tolerant provenances. [Method] The seedlings of 3 yellow horn provenances distributed in North China were studied, and 4 water gradients including sufficient water, normal water supply, mild drought and severe droughtwere set by potted water control method. The stomatal distribution characteristics of the plant leaf were observed with fingernail oil imprinting technique. [Result] The results show that the stomata of different provenances are distributed on the lower epidermis of yellow horn leaves. With the intensification of drought stress, the stomata become smaller and increase in number. And the stomata have a tendency to possess the stomatal distribution characteristics of xerophyte leaves. There are significant differences in the response of stomatal distribution to water stress among the 3 provenances. Compared with two provenances from Sanmenxia of Henan Province and Jinzhong of Shanxi Province, the leaves of provenance in Chengde of Hebei Province have smaller stomata, more stomata and stronger stomatal regulation ability under different water stress treatments. [Conclusion] The stomatal distribution characteristics of yellow horn leaves of three provenances all have different degrees of xerophytic structure. The leaves of provenance in Chengde have smaller and more stomata than the other two provenances, and have strong regulating ability, which is the excellent drought-resistant provenance of North China.
[Objective] By means of exploring the response of stomatal distribution characteristics of different Yellow horn(Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) provenances to water stress, to understand the difference in drought tolerance, and provide references for the selection of water-saving and drought-tolerant provenances. [Method] The seedlings of 3 yellow horn provenances distributed in North China were studied, and 4 water gradients including sufficient water, normal water supply, mild drought and severe droughtwere set by potted water control method. The stomatal distribution characteristics of the plant leaf were observed with fingernail oil imprinting technique. [Result] The results show that the stomata of different provenances are distributed on the lower epidermis of yellow horn leaves. With the intensification of drought stress, the stomata become smaller and increase in number. And the stomata have a tendency to possess the stomatal distribution characteristics of xerophyte leaves. There are significant differences in the response of stomatal distribution to water stress among the 3 provenances. Compared with two provenances from Sanmenxia of Henan Province and Jinzhong of Shanxi Province, the leaves of provenance in Chengde of Hebei Province have smaller stomata, more stomata and stronger stomatal regulation ability under different water stress treatments. [Conclusion] The stomatal distribution characteristics of yellow horn leaves of three provenances all have different degrees of xerophytic structure. The leaves of provenance in Chengde have smaller and more stomata than the other two provenances, and have strong regulating ability, which is the excellent drought-resistant provenance of North China.
引文
[1] 王涛, 敖妍, 牟洪香, 等. 中国能源植物文冠果的研究[M]. 北京:中国科学技术出版社,2012.
[2] 于海燕, 周绍箕. 文冠果油制备生物柴油的研究[J]. 中国油脂, 2009, 34(3): 43-45.
[3] Yu H, Fan S, Bi Q, et al. Seed morphology, oil content and fatty acid composition variability assessment in yellow horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) germplasm for optimum biodiesel production [J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2017, 97(3): 425-430.
[4] Kramer P T. Water Relations of Plants [M]. New York and London: Academic Press, 1983.
[5] 李芳兰, 包维楷. 植物叶片形态解剖结构对环境变化的响应与适应[J]. 植物学通报,2005, 22(S1): 118-127.
[6] 郭冰寒, 王若水, 肖辉杰. 沙棘苗期叶水势与气孔导度对水分胁迫的响应[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32 (3): 609-616.
[7] Liu Q, Li Z, Wu J. Research progress on leaf anatomical structure of plants under drought stress[J]. Agricultural Science & Technology, 2016, 17 (1): 4-7, 14.
[8] 甘露, 尹淑霞. 草地早熟禾及其空间诱变矮化突变体叶片组织结构的比较观察[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30 (Z1): 69-73.
[9] 白晋华, 郭红彦, 张明, 等. 4种经济林树种气孔的分布与比较[J]. 山西农业科学, 2011, 39 (7): 657-658, 666.
[10] 曹林青, 钟秋平, 罗帅, 等. 干旱胁迫下油茶叶片结构特征的变化[J]. 林业科学研究, 2018, 31(3): 136-143.
[11] Grossman B C, Gold M A, Dey D C. Restoration of hard mast species for wildlife in Missouri using precocious flowering oak in the Missouri River floodplain, USA [J]. Agroforestry Systems, 2003, 59(1): 3-10.
[12] 周心智, 王虹, 张云. 新的苗木繁育法——根生产法(RPM)[J]. 中国果菜, 2008 (5): 17.
[13] Wang X, Hirafuji M. Modeling the relationship between yellow horn seedling growth and soil moisture content[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(4): 70-76.
[14] 李帅, 曹坤芳. 热带巨型叶植物芭蕉叶片内结构异质性[J]. 科学通报, 2014, 59(6): 522-528.
[15] England J R, Attiwill P M. Changes in leaf morphology and anatomy with tree age and height in the broadleaved evergreen species, Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. [J]. Trees, Structure and Function, 2006, 20(1): 79-90.
[16] Sack L, Cowan P D, Jaikumar N, et al. The ‘hydrology’ of leaves: co-ordination of structure and function in temperate woody species [J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 2003, 26(8): 1343-1356.
[17] 唐军荣, 李斌, 朱丽娜, 等. 滇杨多倍体苗期叶片形态及光合生理比较分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2016, 29(1): 103-109.
[18] 武维华. 植物生理学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2017.
[19] 方精云, 费松林, 樊拥军, 等. 贵州梵净山亮叶水青冈解剖特征的生态格局及主导因子分析[J]. 植物学报, 2000, 42(6): 636-642.
[20] Sinclair T R, Zwieniecki M A, Holbrook N M. Low leaf hydraulic conductance associated with drought tolerance in soybean [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2008, 132(4): 446-451.
[21] Sack L, Scoffoni C. Leaf venation: structure, function, development, evolution, ecology and applications in the past, present and future [J]. New Phytologist, 2013, 198(4): 983-1000.
[22] Brodribb T J,Holbrook N M. Stomatal closure during leaf de hydration, correlation with other leaf physiological traits [J]. Plant Physiology, 2003, 132(4): 2188-2173.
[23] Chaves M M, Maroco J P, Pereira J S. Understanding plant responses to drought: from genes to the whole plant [J]. Functional Plant Biology, 2003, 30 (3): 239-264.
[24] 李中华, 刘进平, 谷海磊, 等. 干旱胁迫对植物气孔特性影响研究进展[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2016, 45(2): 195-200.
[25] 白鹏, 冉春艳, 谢小玉. 干旱胁迫对油菜蕾薹期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(18): 3566-3576.
[26] 孟庆杰, 王光全, 董绍锋, 等. 桃叶片组织解剖结构特征与其抗旱性关系的研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2004, 22(3): 123-126.
[27] 高彦萍, 冯莹, 马志军, 等. 水分胁迫下不同抗旱类型大豆叶片气孔特性变化研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2007, 25(2): 77-79.
[28] Franks P J, Farquhar G D. The effect of exogenous abscisic acid on stomatal development, stomatal mechanics, and leaf gas exchange in Tradescantia virginiana[J]. Plant Physiology, 2001, 125: 935-942.
[29] Franks P J, Drake P L, Beerling D J. Plasticity in maximum stomatal conductance constrained by negative correlation between stomatal size and density, an analysis using Eucalyptus globulus[J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 2009, 32: 1737-1748.
[2] 于海燕, 周绍箕. 文冠果油制备生物柴油的研究[J]. 中国油脂, 2009, 34(3): 43-45.
[3] Yu H, Fan S, Bi Q, et al. Seed morphology, oil content and fatty acid composition variability assessment in yellow horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) germplasm for optimum biodiesel production [J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2017, 97(3): 425-430.
[4] Kramer P T. Water Relations of Plants [M]. New York and London: Academic Press, 1983.
[5] 李芳兰, 包维楷. 植物叶片形态解剖结构对环境变化的响应与适应[J]. 植物学通报,2005, 22(S1): 118-127.
[6] 郭冰寒, 王若水, 肖辉杰. 沙棘苗期叶水势与气孔导度对水分胁迫的响应[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32 (3): 609-616.
[7] Liu Q, Li Z, Wu J. Research progress on leaf anatomical structure of plants under drought stress[J]. Agricultural Science & Technology, 2016, 17 (1): 4-7, 14.
[8] 甘露, 尹淑霞. 草地早熟禾及其空间诱变矮化突变体叶片组织结构的比较观察[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30 (Z1): 69-73.
[9] 白晋华, 郭红彦, 张明, 等. 4种经济林树种气孔的分布与比较[J]. 山西农业科学, 2011, 39 (7): 657-658, 666.
[10] 曹林青, 钟秋平, 罗帅, 等. 干旱胁迫下油茶叶片结构特征的变化[J]. 林业科学研究, 2018, 31(3): 136-143.
[11] Grossman B C, Gold M A, Dey D C. Restoration of hard mast species for wildlife in Missouri using precocious flowering oak in the Missouri River floodplain, USA [J]. Agroforestry Systems, 2003, 59(1): 3-10.
[12] 周心智, 王虹, 张云. 新的苗木繁育法——根生产法(RPM)[J]. 中国果菜, 2008 (5): 17.
[13] Wang X, Hirafuji M. Modeling the relationship between yellow horn seedling growth and soil moisture content[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(4): 70-76.
[14] 李帅, 曹坤芳. 热带巨型叶植物芭蕉叶片内结构异质性[J]. 科学通报, 2014, 59(6): 522-528.
[15] England J R, Attiwill P M. Changes in leaf morphology and anatomy with tree age and height in the broadleaved evergreen species, Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. [J]. Trees, Structure and Function, 2006, 20(1): 79-90.
[16] Sack L, Cowan P D, Jaikumar N, et al. The ‘hydrology’ of leaves: co-ordination of structure and function in temperate woody species [J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 2003, 26(8): 1343-1356.
[17] 唐军荣, 李斌, 朱丽娜, 等. 滇杨多倍体苗期叶片形态及光合生理比较分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2016, 29(1): 103-109.
[18] 武维华. 植物生理学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2017.
[19] 方精云, 费松林, 樊拥军, 等. 贵州梵净山亮叶水青冈解剖特征的生态格局及主导因子分析[J]. 植物学报, 2000, 42(6): 636-642.
[20] Sinclair T R, Zwieniecki M A, Holbrook N M. Low leaf hydraulic conductance associated with drought tolerance in soybean [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2008, 132(4): 446-451.
[21] Sack L, Scoffoni C. Leaf venation: structure, function, development, evolution, ecology and applications in the past, present and future [J]. New Phytologist, 2013, 198(4): 983-1000.
[22] Brodribb T J,Holbrook N M. Stomatal closure during leaf de hydration, correlation with other leaf physiological traits [J]. Plant Physiology, 2003, 132(4): 2188-2173.
[23] Chaves M M, Maroco J P, Pereira J S. Understanding plant responses to drought: from genes to the whole plant [J]. Functional Plant Biology, 2003, 30 (3): 239-264.
[24] 李中华, 刘进平, 谷海磊, 等. 干旱胁迫对植物气孔特性影响研究进展[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2016, 45(2): 195-200.
[25] 白鹏, 冉春艳, 谢小玉. 干旱胁迫对油菜蕾薹期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(18): 3566-3576.
[26] 孟庆杰, 王光全, 董绍锋, 等. 桃叶片组织解剖结构特征与其抗旱性关系的研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2004, 22(3): 123-126.
[27] 高彦萍, 冯莹, 马志军, 等. 水分胁迫下不同抗旱类型大豆叶片气孔特性变化研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2007, 25(2): 77-79.
[28] Franks P J, Farquhar G D. The effect of exogenous abscisic acid on stomatal development, stomatal mechanics, and leaf gas exchange in Tradescantia virginiana[J]. Plant Physiology, 2001, 125: 935-942.
[29] Franks P J, Drake P L, Beerling D J. Plasticity in maximum stomatal conductance constrained by negative correlation between stomatal size and density, an analysis using Eucalyptus globulus[J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 2009, 32: 1737-1748.