基于改进线路效能的电网脆弱性辨识方法研究
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摘要
随着智能电网建设的不断推进,电网互联程度越来越高,加强电网安全稳定分析对预防大停电事故的重要性更加突出。针对电网进行脆弱性评估,找出其中的薄弱环节,是电网安全稳定分析的前提与基础。本文首先根据复杂网络理论,采用支路有功潮流重新定义线路效能权值,随后结合电网实际运行状态进行建模,通过求取系统运行状态或网络结构发生改变后的全局效能变化量,建立电网综合脆弱性评估指标,最后基于IEEE标准算例对电网脆弱节点和线路分别进行辨识。结果表明,与电源联系紧密的线路和重要枢纽节点对网络整体脆弱性指标有着显著影响,该方法可用于智能电网规划方案的评估及优化。
With the development of smart grid,the interconnection level of power systems is being enhanced so that it is very important to strengthen the security and stability analysis to prevent blackouts. Power system vulnerability identification is the prerequisite and foundation of power system security and stability assessment. Based on the complex network theory,we establish a comprehensive vulnerability index combining with the actual power grid operation,improve the line-efficiency definition using active value of transmission power flow,and identify vulnerable buses and transmission lines through calculating global efficiency variation when network topology or operation status changes. Simulations show that the transmission lines which are closely related to the power sources and key hub buses have great impacts on the overall vulnerability index of power systems.
With the development of smart grid,the interconnection level of power systems is being enhanced so that it is very important to strengthen the security and stability analysis to prevent blackouts. Power system vulnerability identification is the prerequisite and foundation of power system security and stability assessment. Based on the complex network theory,we establish a comprehensive vulnerability index combining with the actual power grid operation,improve the line-efficiency definition using active value of transmission power flow,and identify vulnerable buses and transmission lines through calculating global efficiency variation when network topology or operation status changes. Simulations show that the transmission lines which are closely related to the power sources and key hub buses have great impacts on the overall vulnerability index of power systems.
引文
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[20]黄燕,李华强,黄涛,等.基于复杂网络和暂态能量函数的支路暂态脆弱性评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(20):69-74.HUANG Yan,LI Huaqiang,HUANG Tao,et al.Branch transient vulnerability assessment based on the complex network and transient energy function[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(20):69-74.
[21]丁剑,白晓民,赵伟,等.基于二维平面拟合的电网脆弱性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(8):1-4.DING Jian,BAI Xiaomin,ZHAO Wei,et al.Grid vulnerability analysis based on two-dimensional accumulation means[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(8):1-4.
[22]汪小帆,李翔,陈关荣.复杂网络理论及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.WANG Xiaofan,LI Xiang,CHEN Guanrong.Complex network theory and its application[M].Beijing:Tsinghua UIniversity Press,2006.
[23]DOBSON I,CARRERAS B A,LYNCH V E,et al.An initial model for complex dynamics in electric power system blackouts[C]∥Proceedings of 34thHawaii International Conference on System Science,Hawaii,2001:710-718.
[24]DOBSON I,CARRERAS B A,LYNCH V E,et al.Complex systems analysis of series of blackouts:cascading failure,criticality,and self-organization[C]∥Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control,Italy,2004:438-451.
[2]黄彦瑜.中国可再生能源战略与电网整合[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010.HUANG Yanyu.Strategy of China renewable energy and grid integration[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2010.
[3]曹一家,刘美君,丁理杰,等.大电网安全性评估的系统复杂性理论研究[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(1):1CAO Yijia,LIU Meijun,DING Lijie,et al.Research on system complexity theory for security evaluation of large power grids[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2007,19(1):1-8.
[4]艾欣,崔明勇,雷之力,等.电力系统连锁故障研究综述[J].华北电力大学学报,2008,35(6):44-51.AI Xin,CUI Mingyong,LEI Zhili,et al.Review on cascading failure in power system[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2008,35(6):44-51.
[5]秦晓辉,张彦涛,葛磊蛟,等.多态用能与电网间安全稳定的协调控制框架设计[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(5):51-57.QIN Xiaohui,ZHANG Yantao,GE Leijiao,et al.A framework design of coordinated control for multi-energy's utilizationand grid's security and stability[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(5):51-57.
[6]金梦,李修金,刘一丹,等.基于PSModel的江苏电网机电—电磁混合仿真[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(3):36-41.JIN Meng,LI Xiujin,LIU Yidan,et al.Electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid simulation of Jiangsu power grid using PSModel[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(3):36-41.
[7]甘德强,胡江溢,韩祯祥,等.2003年国际若干停电事故思考[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(3):1-4,9.GAN Deqiang,HU Jiangyi,HAN Zhenxiang,et al.After the2003 blackouts across several continentals[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(3):1-4,9.
[8]鲁宗相.电网复杂性及大停电事故的可靠性研究[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(12):93-97.LU Zongxiang.Survey of the research on the complexity of power grids and reliability analysis of blackouts[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2005,29(12):93-97.
[9]丁明,韩平平.小世界电网的连锁故障传播机理分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(18):6-10.DING Ming,HAN Pingping.Study of failure spreading mechanism in the small-world power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(18):6-10.
[10]FOUAD A A,ZHOU Qin,VITTAL V.System vulnerability as a concept to assess power system dynamic security[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1994,9(2):1009-1015.
[11]林涛,范杏元,徐遐龄,等.电力系统脆弱性评估方法研究综述[J].电力科学与技术学报,2010,25(4):20-24.LIN Tao,FAN Xingyuan,XU Xialing,et al.Summary of power system vulnerability assessment methods[J].Journal of Electric Power Science And Technology,2010,25(4):20-24.
[12]蔡晔,曹一家,李勇,等.考虑电压等级和运行状态的电网脆弱线路辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(13):2124-2131.CAI Ye,CAO Yijia,LI Yong,et al.Identification of vulnerable lines in urban power grid based on voltage grade and running state[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(13):2124-2131.
[13]王羽佳,李华强,刘沛清,等.基于改进DEAHP模型的支路综合脆弱性评估方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1249-1256.WANG Yujia,LI Huaqiang,LIU Peiqing,et al.A branch comprehensive vulnerability assessment methodbased on improved DEAHP model[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1249-1256.
[14]丁明,过羿,张晶晶,等.基于效用风险熵权模糊综合评判的复杂电网节点脆弱性评估[J].电工技术学报,2015(3):214-223.DING Ming,GUO Yi,ZHANG Jingjing,et al.Node vulnerability assessment for complex power grids based on effect risk entropy-weighted fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015(3):214-223.
[15]黄道姗.电网薄弱环节分类识别技术研究[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(4):58-64.HUANG Daoshan.Classification and identification of power grid weak links[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(4):58-64.
[16]谭玉东,李欣然,蔡晔,等.基于电气距离的复杂电网关键节点识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):146-152.TAN Yudong,LI Xinran,CAI Ye,et al.Critical node identification for complex power grid based on electrical distance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):146-152.
[17]刘小丽,毛弋,梁杉,等.基于综合介数的电网脆弱线路辨识[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(2):116-121.LIU Xiaoli,MAO Yi,LIANG Shan,et al.Identification of vulnerable lines in power grid based on comprehensive betweenness index[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(2):116-121.
[18]魏震波,刘俊勇,朱国俊,等.电力系统脆弱性理论研究[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(7):38-43.WEI Zhenbo,LIU Junyong,ZHU Guojun,et al.Power system vulnerability[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(7):38-43.
[19]魏震波,刘俊勇,朱国俊,等.基于电网状态与结构的综合脆弱评估模型[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(8):11-14.WEI Zhenbo,LIU Junyong,ZHU Guojun,et al.A new integrative vulnerability evaluation model to power grid based on running state and structure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(8):11-14.
[20]黄燕,李华强,黄涛,等.基于复杂网络和暂态能量函数的支路暂态脆弱性评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(20):69-74.HUANG Yan,LI Huaqiang,HUANG Tao,et al.Branch transient vulnerability assessment based on the complex network and transient energy function[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(20):69-74.
[21]丁剑,白晓民,赵伟,等.基于二维平面拟合的电网脆弱性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(8):1-4.DING Jian,BAI Xiaomin,ZHAO Wei,et al.Grid vulnerability analysis based on two-dimensional accumulation means[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(8):1-4.
[22]汪小帆,李翔,陈关荣.复杂网络理论及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.WANG Xiaofan,LI Xiang,CHEN Guanrong.Complex network theory and its application[M].Beijing:Tsinghua UIniversity Press,2006.
[23]DOBSON I,CARRERAS B A,LYNCH V E,et al.An initial model for complex dynamics in electric power system blackouts[C]∥Proceedings of 34thHawaii International Conference on System Science,Hawaii,2001:710-718.
[24]DOBSON I,CARRERAS B A,LYNCH V E,et al.Complex systems analysis of series of blackouts:cascading failure,criticality,and self-organization[C]∥Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control,Italy,2004:438-451.