基于单孔声波法测试巷道围岩松动圈试验研究
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摘要
为确定合理的锚杆支护参数并提高巷道围岩稳定性,利用声波测试松动圈的原理,结合山西金庄煤业5203煤巷的工程地质条件,依据围岩松动圈形成机理合理布置测试地点,采用单孔声波法对该矿围岩松动圈范围进行现场测试并进行锚杆支护参数设计,经FLAC3D数值模拟和现场工业性试验验证。该支护设计是可行的。研究结果表明:5203煤巷的松动圈范围为1.5～2.1 m,数值模拟结果中支护方案2相比方案1两帮最大位移减少了9.5%,顶板最大位移由46.2 mm减至45.6 mm;现场实用效果良好,两帮位移为30.3 mm,顶板位移为46.5 mm,现场实测与数值模拟结果基本吻合,证实单孔声波测试法能够快捷、准确测试巷道围岩松动圈范围,具有较好的工程实用性和优越性。
In order to determine the reasonable bolt support parameters and improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway,the No.5203 roadway of Shanxi Jinzhuang coal mine was taken as the engineering background.Combined with the single-hole acoustic wave testing method and the formation mechanism of surrounding rock loose circle,the drilling position was reasonably arranged,the field surrounding rock loose circle range of No.5203 roadway was tested on site and the bolt support parameters design was carried out.Finally,the feasibility of the support design was verified by FLAC3 Dnumerical simulation and on-site industrial test.Results showed that the loose zone of the No.5203 roadway ranged from 1.5 to 2.1 m.Comparing the results of the two simulation schemes,the maximum displacement of roadway's sides was reduced by 9.5%,and the maximum displacement of the roof was reduced from 46.2 mm to 45.6 mm.The field measured the displacements of roadway's sides and the roof were 30.3 mm and 46.5 mm respectively,and the displacement of the top plate was 46.5 mm.The field measurement and numerical simulation results were basically consistent. The single-hole acoustic wave testing method can quickly and accurately test the range of surrounding rock loose circle of roadway,and has good engineering practicability and superiority.
In order to determine the reasonable bolt support parameters and improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway,the No.5203 roadway of Shanxi Jinzhuang coal mine was taken as the engineering background.Combined with the single-hole acoustic wave testing method and the formation mechanism of surrounding rock loose circle,the drilling position was reasonably arranged,the field surrounding rock loose circle range of No.5203 roadway was tested on site and the bolt support parameters design was carried out.Finally,the feasibility of the support design was verified by FLAC3 Dnumerical simulation and on-site industrial test.Results showed that the loose zone of the No.5203 roadway ranged from 1.5 to 2.1 m.Comparing the results of the two simulation schemes,the maximum displacement of roadway's sides was reduced by 9.5%,and the maximum displacement of the roof was reduced from 46.2 mm to 45.6 mm.The field measured the displacements of roadway's sides and the roof were 30.3 mm and 46.5 mm respectively,and the displacement of the top plate was 46.5 mm.The field measurement and numerical simulation results were basically consistent. The single-hole acoustic wave testing method can quickly and accurately test the range of surrounding rock loose circle of roadway,and has good engineering practicability and superiority.
引文
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[14]吕兆海,来兴平.松动圈测试技术在巷道支护设计中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,5(2):336-340.LYU Zhaohai,LAI Xingping.The sonic wave method for the loosened zone and design of coal tunnel support[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,5(2):336-340.
[15]刘刚,赵坚,宋宏伟,等.断续节理岩体中围岩破裂区的试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(1):62-66.LIU Gang,ZHAO Jian,SONG Hongwei,et al. Model experiments on the broken zone in intermittently jointed surrounding rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(1):62-66.
[16]董方庭.巷道围岩松动圈支护理论及应用技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000.
[17]杨素俊,耿新枝,穆春云,等.基于RSMSY5声波仪的围岩松动圈测试技术研究[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2012(1):63-64.YANG Sujun,GENG Xinzhi,MU Chunyun,et al.Research on testing technology of surrounding rock loose circle based on RSMSY5acoustic wave instrument[J].Inner Mongolia Science technology&Economy,2012(1):63-64.
[18]马其华,王宜泰.声波法测试巷道围岩松动圈的现场应用[J].煤炭工程,2009(8):103-105.MA Qihua,WANG Yitai.Application of acoustic method in testing loose rock of roadway surrounding rock[J]. Coal Engineering,2009(8):103-105.
[19]孙希奎,常庆粮,施现院,等.大断面半圆拱煤巷围岩松动圈厚度测定及分布规律[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(11):1-6.SUN Xikui,CHANG Qingliang,SHI Xianyuan,et al. Thickness measurement and distribution law of loose rings of surrounding rock in large cross section semicircle arch seam gateway[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(11):1-6.
[2]侯朝炯.深部巷道围岩控制的关键技术研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):970-978.HOU Chaojiong.Study on key technologies of surrounding rock control in deep roadway[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(5):970-978
[3]康红普.我国煤矿巷道锚杆支护技术发展60年及展望[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1071-1081.KANG Hongpu. Development and prospect of bolt support technology in coal mine roadway in china for 60 years[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(6):1071-1081.
[4]宁刚.地震折射层析方法在隧道松动圈测试中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2014,10(2):398-401.NING Gang.Application of seismic refraction tomography method to investigation on relaxation zone of surrounding rock of the tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2014,10(2):398-401.
[5]靖洪文,李元海,梁军起,等.钻孔摄像测试围岩松动圈的机理与实践[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):645-649.JING Hongwen,LI Yuanhai,LIANG Junqi,et al. Borehole camear technology for measuring the relaxation zone of surrounding rock:mechanism and application[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,38(5):645-649.
[6]周希圣,宋宏伟.国外围岩松动圈支护理论研究概况[J].建井技术,1994,14(S1):67-69.ZHOU Xisheng,SONG Hongwei.Research on support theory of surrounding rock loose circle[J].Mine Construction Techology,1994,14(S1):67-69.
[7]董方庭,宋宏伟,郭志宏,等.巷道围岩松动圈支护理论[J].煤炭学报,1994,19(1):21-32.DONG Fangting,SONG Hongwei,GUO Zhihong,et al. Surrounding rock loose circle support theory[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1994,19(1):21-32.
[8]杨旭旭,王文庆,靖洪文.围岩松动圈常用测试方法分析与比较[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(8):1-6.YANG Xuxu,WANG Wenqing,JING Hongwen.Analysis and comparison on conventional loose zone measuring and test methods[J].Coal Science and Techology,2012,40(8):1-6.
[9]秦帅,宋宏伟,杜晓丽,等.松动圈围岩支护理论的研究与应用现状[J].西部探矿工程,2011,23(12):105-109.QIN Shuai,SONG Hongwei,DU Xiaoli,et al.Research and application of surrounding rock support theory in loose ring[J]. West China Exploration Engineering,2011,23(12):105-109.
[10]张晓驰.考虑松动圈影响的引水隧洞应力及位移弹性分析[J].山西建筑,2016,42(13):174-175.ZHANG Xiaochi.On water-diversion tunnel stress and displacement elastic analysis with consideration of broken rock zones[J].Shanxi Architecture,2016,42(13):174-175.
[11]刘刚.矩形巷道围岩松动圈分布规律的研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2000.
[12]赵宾,梁宁宁,王方田,等.浅埋高强度采动巷道围岩松动圈演化规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):33-39,46.ZHAO Bin,LIANG Ningning,WANG Fangtian,et al.Surrounding rock broken zone evolution law of high-intensity mining affected roadway in shallow coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):33-39,46.
[13]陈亚楠,潘城.多次爆破振动下巷道围岩松动圈变化规律研究[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(3):44-47.CHEN Yanan,PAN Cheng.Research on roadway surrounding rock loose circle change law under multiple blasting vibrations[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(3):44-47.
[14]吕兆海,来兴平.松动圈测试技术在巷道支护设计中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,5(2):336-340.LYU Zhaohai,LAI Xingping.The sonic wave method for the loosened zone and design of coal tunnel support[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,5(2):336-340.
[15]刘刚,赵坚,宋宏伟,等.断续节理岩体中围岩破裂区的试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(1):62-66.LIU Gang,ZHAO Jian,SONG Hongwei,et al. Model experiments on the broken zone in intermittently jointed surrounding rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(1):62-66.
[16]董方庭.巷道围岩松动圈支护理论及应用技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000.
[17]杨素俊,耿新枝,穆春云,等.基于RSMSY5声波仪的围岩松动圈测试技术研究[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2012(1):63-64.YANG Sujun,GENG Xinzhi,MU Chunyun,et al.Research on testing technology of surrounding rock loose circle based on RSMSY5acoustic wave instrument[J].Inner Mongolia Science technology&Economy,2012(1):63-64.
[18]马其华,王宜泰.声波法测试巷道围岩松动圈的现场应用[J].煤炭工程,2009(8):103-105.MA Qihua,WANG Yitai.Application of acoustic method in testing loose rock of roadway surrounding rock[J]. Coal Engineering,2009(8):103-105.
[19]孙希奎,常庆粮,施现院,等.大断面半圆拱煤巷围岩松动圈厚度测定及分布规律[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(11):1-6.SUN Xikui,CHANG Qingliang,SHI Xianyuan,et al. Thickness measurement and distribution law of loose rings of surrounding rock in large cross section semicircle arch seam gateway[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(11):1-6.