汽车排气系统低频噪声分析与结构优化
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摘要
针对某车型排气尾管低频噪声大问题,利用GT-Power软件建立发动机工作过程与排气消声器耦合仿真分析模型,对排气消声器声学性能和空气动力学性能进行数值计算,分析排气尾管低频噪声大的原因。依据分析结果提出消声器结构优化方案,制作优化样件进行整车排气尾管噪声试验。试验结果表明,低转速时消声器插入损失提高5d B~7 d B(A),2阶次噪声整体降低,低频噪声问题明显改善。
Model for engine working process and exhaust muffler coupling simulation of a car is established with GTPOWER software and the acoustic characteristics and aerodynamics performance of the exhaust muffler are computed. The reason of large low-frequency noise of the exhaust tailpipe is found. Muffler structure optimization strategy is proposed based on the simulation results. Then, the full vehicle exhaust tailpipe noise test is conducted to validate the proposal. Test results show that, at low rotary speed, the muffler insertion loss is increased by 5 d B(A)-7 d B(A) after the optimization, the overall second order noise is reduced, and the low frequency noise is reduced significantly.
Model for engine working process and exhaust muffler coupling simulation of a car is established with GTPOWER software and the acoustic characteristics and aerodynamics performance of the exhaust muffler are computed. The reason of large low-frequency noise of the exhaust tailpipe is found. Muffler structure optimization strategy is proposed based on the simulation results. Then, the full vehicle exhaust tailpipe noise test is conducted to validate the proposal. Test results show that, at low rotary speed, the muffler insertion loss is increased by 5 d B(A)-7 d B(A) after the optimization, the overall second order noise is reduced, and the low frequency noise is reduced significantly.
引文
[1]黄东洋,宋晓林.基于GT-Power软件的某汽车排气系统消声器改进[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(1):151-154.
[2]刘海涛,郑四发,康钟绪,连小珉.基于四负载方法的汽车发动机排气源特性研究[J].振动工程学报,2011,24(5):573-577.
[3]庞剑,谌刚,何华.汽车噪声与振动—理论与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2006.
[4]侯献军,王天田,田翠翠,等.基于GT-POWER的乘用车消声器设计[J].北京理工大学学报,2010,30(2):161-165.
[5]刘晨、季振林、郭小琳,等.汽车排气消声器结构形式对压力损失的影响[J].汽车工程,2008,30(12):1113-1116.
[6]杨润潮,颜伏伍,刘志恩.发动机工作过程和消声器特性耦合的建模与设计[J].噪声与振动控制,2011,31(4)155-159.
[7]刘晨,季振林,胡志龙.高温气流对穿孔消声器声学性能的影响[J].汽车工程,2008,30(4):330-334.
[8]肖生浩.汽车排气消声器低频噪声控制研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.
[2]刘海涛,郑四发,康钟绪,连小珉.基于四负载方法的汽车发动机排气源特性研究[J].振动工程学报,2011,24(5):573-577.
[3]庞剑,谌刚,何华.汽车噪声与振动—理论与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2006.
[4]侯献军,王天田,田翠翠,等.基于GT-POWER的乘用车消声器设计[J].北京理工大学学报,2010,30(2):161-165.
[5]刘晨、季振林、郭小琳,等.汽车排气消声器结构形式对压力损失的影响[J].汽车工程,2008,30(12):1113-1116.
[6]杨润潮,颜伏伍,刘志恩.发动机工作过程和消声器特性耦合的建模与设计[J].噪声与振动控制,2011,31(4)155-159.
[7]刘晨,季振林,胡志龙.高温气流对穿孔消声器声学性能的影响[J].汽车工程,2008,30(4):330-334.
[8]肖生浩.汽车排气消声器低频噪声控制研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.