负地闪CPT放电事件的发生规律研究
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摘要
本文分析了2012年广州地区6次雷暴过程的负地闪中不规则脉冲簇(chaotic pulse trains,CPT)放电事件的发生规律.结果表明:CPT是负地闪整个放电过程中普遍存在的放电现象,在323次负地闪中有243次出现了CPT放电事件,比例达到了75.2%,并且能够发生在负地闪的首次回击之前、回击之间以及最后一次回击之后,其中有66.7%的继后回击之前和11.5%的最后一次回击之后发生了CPT.研究也发现,CPT在继后回击之前有四种分布类型:单独出现一次CPT-c(与继后回击相连的CPT)、单独出现一次CPT-i(与继后回击有一定时间间隔的CPT)、同时出现CPT-c和CPT-i以及同时出现多次CPT-i,其中,单独出现一次CPT-c类型最为多见,39.4%的继后回击之前为此类型,而在第一次和第二次继后回击之前更容易出现多次CPT的现象,分别占到对应次序回击总数的9.4%和7.7%.而随着继后回击次序的增加,其之前发生CPT的概率呈减小的趋势,并且除了第一次和第二次继后回击以外,其他继后回击之前CPT-c的出现频次大于CPT-i.另外,CPT-i和最后一次回击之后的CPT均叠加在K变化上,部分回击间的CPT也能够发生在J过程中.
Occurrence regularity of chaotic pulse trains(CPT) discharge event in negative cloud-to-ground(CG) lightning during six thunderstorms are analyzed in this paper.Results show that CPT is a common phenomenon throughout the negative CG lightning discharge process,243 times of CPT discharge events occurs during 323 negative CG lightning,a proportion reaching 75.2%.CPT in negative CG can occur before the frst return stroke,between the strokes,and after the last stroke.The proportion of 66.7% of the total subsequent strokes is preceded by CPT,and CPT occurs after 11.5% of the total last strokes.It is also found that there are four distributions prior to subsequent strokes:single CPT-c(CPT connecting with subsequent strokes),single CPT-i(CPT occurring in an interval between CPT and return strokes),CPT-c and CPT-i occur concurrently,and several CPT-is appear concurrently.Single CPT-c is the most common,39.4% of subsequent strokes are preceded by single CPT-c,and several CPTs are easier to occur before the frst and second subsequent strokes,which are respectively the corresponding strokes 9.4% and 7.7% of the total number.With the increase of the order of subsequent stroke,there is a decreasing trend for the occurrence of CPT,and in addition to the previous two subsequent strokes,the number of CPT-c is obviously greater than CPT-i before the others.In addition,CPT-i and CPT-a both occur to add on the negative CG K-change,and some also correspond to the process of J-change in the slow electric feld wave.
Occurrence regularity of chaotic pulse trains(CPT) discharge event in negative cloud-to-ground(CG) lightning during six thunderstorms are analyzed in this paper.Results show that CPT is a common phenomenon throughout the negative CG lightning discharge process,243 times of CPT discharge events occurs during 323 negative CG lightning,a proportion reaching 75.2%.CPT in negative CG can occur before the frst return stroke,between the strokes,and after the last stroke.The proportion of 66.7% of the total subsequent strokes is preceded by CPT,and CPT occurs after 11.5% of the total last strokes.It is also found that there are four distributions prior to subsequent strokes:single CPT-c(CPT connecting with subsequent strokes),single CPT-i(CPT occurring in an interval between CPT and return strokes),CPT-c and CPT-i occur concurrently,and several CPT-is appear concurrently.Single CPT-c is the most common,39.4% of subsequent strokes are preceded by single CPT-c,and several CPTs are easier to occur before the frst and second subsequent strokes,which are respectively the corresponding strokes 9.4% and 7.7% of the total number.With the increase of the order of subsequent stroke,there is a decreasing trend for the occurrence of CPT,and in addition to the previous two subsequent strokes,the number of CPT-c is obviously greater than CPT-i before the others.In addition,CPT-i and CPT-a both occur to add on the negative CG K-change,and some also correspond to the process of J-change in the slow electric feld wave.
引文
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[20]Cao D J,Qie X S,Duan S,Xuan Y J,Wang D F 2012Acta Phys.Sin.61 069202(in Chinese)[曹冬杰,郄秀书,段树,宣越建,王东方2012物理学报61 069202]
[21]Li W L,Liu D X,Qie X S,Fu S M,Duan S,Chen Y C 2012 Acta Phys.Sin.61 059202(in Chinese)[李万莉,刘冬霞,郄秀书,傅慎明,段树,陈羿辰2012物理学报61059202]
[22]Wang D H,Qie X S,Guo C M 2000 Lightning and artifcial triggering lightning.(Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press)P133(in Chinese)[王道洪,郄秀书,郭昌明2000雷电与人工引雷(上海:上海交通大学出版社)第133页]
[23]Chen W M 2003 Principles of lightning(second edition)(Beijing:China Meteorological Press P195(in Chinese)[陈渭民2003雷电学原理(第二版)(北京:气象出版社)第195页]
[2]Chao Y,Qie X S,Kong X Z,Zhang G S,Zhang T,Yang J,Feng G L,Zhang Q L,Wang D F 2009 Acta Phys.Sin.58 6616(in Chinese)[赵阳,郄秀书,孔祥贞,张广庶,张彤,杨静,冯桂力,张其林,王东方2009物理学报586616]
[3]Yang B,Zhou B H,Meng X 2010 Acta Phys.Sin.598978(in Chinese)[杨波,周璧华,孟鑫2010物理学报598978]
[4]Wang X J,Yuan P,Cen J Y,Zhang T L,Xue S M,Zhao J C,Xu H 2013 Acta Phys.Sin.62 109201(in Chinese)[王雪娟,袁萍,岑建勇,张廷龙,薛思敏,赵金翠,许鹤2013物理学报62 109201]
[5]Zhang Y J,Zhou X J 2006 Journal of Applied Meteorological Science 17 829(in Chinese)[张义军,周秀骥2006应用气象学报17 829]
[6]Zhang Y J,Meng Q,Ma M,Dong W S,LüW T 2006Journal of Applied Meteorological Science 17 611(in Chinese)[张义军,孟青,马明,董万胜,吕伟涛2006应用气象学报17 611]
[7]Vladimir A.Rakov,Rateev Thottappillil,Martin A.Uman 1992 Journal of Geophysical Research 97 9935
[8]Rakov V A,Uman M A,Hofman G R,Masters M W,Brook M 1996 IEEE Transactions EMC 38 156
[9]Wang Y H,Zhang G S,Zhang T,Zhao Y X,Li Y J 2009Plateau Meteorology 28 1018(in Chinese)[王彦辉,张广庶,张彤,赵玉祥,李亚珺2009高原气象28 1018]
[10]Zhu B Y,LüF C,Ma M,Zhou H L 2010 Plateau Meteorology 29 688(in Chinese)[祝宝友,吕凡超,马明,周鹤林2010高原气象29 688]
[11]Wu B,Zhang G S,Wang Y H,Li Y J,Fan X P,Yu H,Zhang R 2013 Acta Phys.Sin.62 189202(in Chinese)[武斌,张广庶,王彦辉,李亚珺,范祥鹏,余海,张荣2013物理学报62 189202]
[12]Gomes C,Cooray V,Fernando M,Montano R,Sonnadara U 2004 Journal of Atmospheric and SolarTerrestrial Physics 66 1733
[13]Lan Y,Zhang Y J,Dong W S,Lu W T,Liu H Y,Zheng D 2011 J.Geophys.Res.116 17109
[14]Makela J S,Edirisingheb M,Fernandob M,Montanoc R,Coorayc V 2007 Journal of Atmospheric and SolarTerrestrial Physics 69 707
[15]Willett J,Bailey J,Leteinturier C,Krider E 1990 J.Geophys.Res.95 20367
[16]Liu H Y,Dong W S,Zhang Y J,Zheng D,Yan B W,Shi Y H,Wu T 2013 Plateau meteorology.32 1186(in Chinese)[刘恒毅,董万胜,张义军,郑栋,严碧武,石玉恒,吴亭2013高原气象32 1186]
[17]Wiedman C D 1982 Ph.D.Dissertion(University of Arizona.)
[18]Bailey J,Willett J C,Krider E P,Leteinturier C 1988paper presented at 8thInternational Conference on Atmospheric Electricity Uppsala,Sweden 13-16
[19]Rakov V A,Uman M A 1990 J.Geophys.Res.95 5447
[20]Cao D J,Qie X S,Duan S,Xuan Y J,Wang D F 2012Acta Phys.Sin.61 069202(in Chinese)[曹冬杰,郄秀书,段树,宣越建,王东方2012物理学报61 069202]
[21]Li W L,Liu D X,Qie X S,Fu S M,Duan S,Chen Y C 2012 Acta Phys.Sin.61 059202(in Chinese)[李万莉,刘冬霞,郄秀书,傅慎明,段树,陈羿辰2012物理学报61059202]
[22]Wang D H,Qie X S,Guo C M 2000 Lightning and artifcial triggering lightning.(Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press)P133(in Chinese)[王道洪,郄秀书,郭昌明2000雷电与人工引雷(上海:上海交通大学出版社)第133页]
[23]Chen W M 2003 Principles of lightning(second edition)(Beijing:China Meteorological Press P195(in Chinese)[陈渭民2003雷电学原理(第二版)(北京:气象出版社)第195页]