基于电感耦合等离子质谱检测对虾中重金属及其健康风险评价
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摘要
本文建立一种微波辅助消解电感耦合等离子质谱方法用于测定海南市售对虾中重金属的含量并评估其对消费者的健康风险。结果表明在0.4、1.0和2.0μg/g的加标水平,9种重金属元素的加标回收率处于可接受范围之间。此外本文利用该方法分析了GBW10050(GSB-28)大虾成分标准物质中的9种重元素含量(Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb),各元素的测定值与标准值的相对标准偏差小于10%。9种重金属元素在所有的海口市售对虾样品中均有检出,Zn、Cu和Mn三种常量元素的检出率与检出浓度最高,检出率均为100%,其他6种元素为32.2%～96.4%。对虾中Cr和As对消费者的5%、均值、中值和95%致癌风险分别为4.16×10~(-6)、1.06×10~(-5)、9.05×10~(-6)和2.14×10~(-5),表明存在潜在的风险但尚不严重。对虾中9种重金属对消费者的5%、均值、中值和95%非致癌风险均远小于1,表明市售对虾中的9种重金属对消费者不存在明显的非致癌风险。因此微波辅助消解ICP-MS方法可以有效地测定对虾中重金属的含量的测定;海口市售对虾中重金属含量不存在明显的非致癌风险。
A analytical method based on microwave assisted digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for analyzing the concentrations of heavy metal elements in prawns of Haikou city,which were used to assess the health risk for consumers. The results suggested that at the spiked levels of 0.4,1.0 and 2.0 μg/g,the recovery rates of nine metal elements at acceptable levels,indicating a good perform of this method. In addition,the concentrations of 9 heavy metal elements(Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd and Pb)in GBW10050(GSB-28)prawns were analyzed based on this method,and the relative standard deviations between measured values and true values below 10%. The 9 heavy metal elements were detectable in prawns of Haikou city. The concentrations and detection rates of Zn,Cu and Mn(100%)were the greatest among 9 elements. These for another 6 kind of elements ranged from 32.2% to 96.4%. The 5%,media,mean and 95% cancer risk of Cr and As in prawns for consumers were 4.16×10~(-6),1.06×10~(-5),9.05×10~(-6) and 2.14×10~(-5),respectively,indicating a potential risk but not serious. The non-cancer risk values of 9 elements were lower than 1,which indicated that no obvious non-carcinogenic effects occurred. In general,the analytical method could effectively analyze heavy metal elements in prawns and the pollution of heavy metal elements in prawns of Haikou city was not serious.
A analytical method based on microwave assisted digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for analyzing the concentrations of heavy metal elements in prawns of Haikou city,which were used to assess the health risk for consumers. The results suggested that at the spiked levels of 0.4,1.0 and 2.0 μg/g,the recovery rates of nine metal elements at acceptable levels,indicating a good perform of this method. In addition,the concentrations of 9 heavy metal elements(Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd and Pb)in GBW10050(GSB-28)prawns were analyzed based on this method,and the relative standard deviations between measured values and true values below 10%. The 9 heavy metal elements were detectable in prawns of Haikou city. The concentrations and detection rates of Zn,Cu and Mn(100%)were the greatest among 9 elements. These for another 6 kind of elements ranged from 32.2% to 96.4%. The 5%,media,mean and 95% cancer risk of Cr and As in prawns for consumers were 4.16×10~(-6),1.06×10~(-5),9.05×10~(-6) and 2.14×10~(-5),respectively,indicating a potential risk but not serious. The non-cancer risk values of 9 elements were lower than 1,which indicated that no obvious non-carcinogenic effects occurred. In general,the analytical method could effectively analyze heavy metal elements in prawns and the pollution of heavy metal elements in prawns of Haikou city was not serious.
引文
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[25]Wang J,Zhang X,Ling W,et al.Contamination and health risk assessment of PAHs in soils and crops in industrial areas of the Yangtze River Delta region,China[J].Chemosphere,2017,168:976-987.
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[2]张毅敏,陈晶,杨阳,等.我国海洋污染现状、生态修复技术及展望[J].科学,2014,66(3):48-51.
[3]陈亮.我国海洋污染问题,防治现状及对策建议[J].环境保护,2016(5):65-68.
[4]石成玉.浅析石油运输对我国海洋污染的分析与对策[J].石化技术,2016,23(1):259-260.
[5]马元庆,李斌,邢红艳,等.刺参育苗水体的水质分析及重金属的生物富集研究[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2014,4(4):27-32.
[6]侯冬岩,回瑞华,李铁纯,等.电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定鲫鱼籽中10种元素[J].中国无机分析化学,2011,01(3):58-61.
[7]张秀花,赵庆龙,赵玉达,等.对虾对辊挤压式剥壳工艺参数及预处理条件优化[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(14):308-314.
[8]张高静,韩丽萍,孙剑锋,等.南美白对虾营养成分分析与评价[J].中国食品学报,2013(8):254-260.
[9]王丽,陈凡,马千里,等.东江惠州段鱼类重金属污染及健康风险评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(1):70-76.
[10]王范盛,金衍健,严忠雍,等.浙江海域虾姑中重金属镐的监测及健康风险评估[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(36):107-108.
[11]王彩蕴,付晓伟,于洪波,等.火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定凡纳滨对虾及其生长环境中重金属锌[J].河北渔业,2015(9):46-49.
[12]卢元玲.凡纳滨对虾对水体和饲料中Pb、Cd富集及释放的特性研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2016.
[13]李丽娟,温彦平,彭林,等.太原市采暖季 PM2.5 中元素特征及重金属健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4431-4438.
[14]Chen H,Teng Y,Lu S,et al.Source apportionment and health risk assessment of trace metals in surface soils of Beijing metropolitan,China[J].Chemosphere,2016,144:1002-1011.
[15]Domingo J L,Rovira J,Vilavert L,et al.Health risks for the population living in the vicinity of an Integrated Waste Management Facility:Screening environmental pollutants[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,518:363-370.
[16]刘泽静,王志昱,孙兆鹏,等.微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定罐头食品中10种元素[J].职业与健康,2017.
[17]林少美,郑三燕,李瑞芬,等.微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定梭子蟹中的10种元素[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015(12):1919-1921.
[18]刘丽,徐永福,刘伶俐,等.南美白对虾中铅·镉含量的测定与健康风险评价[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(35):13758-13759.
[19]张英武,戴聪杰,徐田野,等.泉州湾虾、贝类重金属含量的检测与评价[J].化学工程与装备,2009,12(12):151-153.
[20]Baumerd P,Budzinski H,Garrigues P,et al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments and mussels(Mytilus edulis)from the Western Baltic Sea:Occurrence,bioavailability and seasonal variations[J].Marine Environmental Research,1999,47(1):17-47.
[21]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB2762-2012食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[22]Domingo J L,Rovira J,Nadal M,et al.High cancer risks by exposure to PCDD/Fs in the neighborhood of an Integrated Waste Management Facility[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,607:63-68.
[23]Jiang Y,Chao S,Liu J,et al.Source apportionment and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil for a township inJiangsu province,China[J].Chemosphere,2017,168:1658-1668.
[24]Yadav I C,Devi N L,Li J,et al.Occurrence,profile and spatial distribution of organochlorines pesticides in soil of Nepal:Implication for source apportionment and health risk assessment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,573:1598-1606.
[25]Wang J,Zhang X,Ling W,et al.Contamination and health risk assessment of PAHs in soils and crops in industrial areas of the Yangtze River Delta region,China[J].Chemosphere,2017,168:976-987.
[26]Tian K,Bao H,Zhang X,et al.Residuals,bioaccessibility and health risk assessment of PAHs in winter wheat grains from areas influenced by coal combustion in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,618:777-784.