糖尿病足鞋垫的功能设计与研究
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摘要
研究目的是从产品需求的角度,通过多层结构和材料,系统设计和评估糖尿病足鞋垫的功能。对鞋垫需求进行分析并提出相应的设计指标,采用4层多密度结构对鞋垫进行逐层设计,以满足鞋垫多种功能需求,通过对鞋垫功能的评估对其进行优化。结果显示,1号鞋垫与2号鞋垫相比,前掌和后跟部位的峰值压强和压强时间积分显著减小,而腰窝部位则显著增加;前掌和腰窝部位接触面积显著增加,而后跟增加并不明显。1号鞋垫大部分性能明显优于2号鞋垫,通过多层结构和材料的设计,能有效增加鞋垫接触面积,优化减压效果。
The aim of this study was to systematically design and evaluate the function of diabetic footinsole from the perspective of product demand through multi-layer structure and materials. The demands were analyzed and the design indexes were put forward, then4 layers and multi density structure of insole were designed in order to meet the various functional requirements. The shoe insole was optimized by evaluation the function. The results show that, compared with No.2 insole, No.1 insole's peak pressure and pressure time integrals decrease significantly in the forefoot and heels, while that of the midfoot increases significantly. The contact area of the forefoot and midfoot increase significantly, but there is no obvious increase in the heel. In summary, the decompression effect of No.1 insole is better than that of No.2 insole, the contact area is further increased and the decompression effect of the insole is optimized through multilayer structure and materials design.
The aim of this study was to systematically design and evaluate the function of diabetic footinsole from the perspective of product demand through multi-layer structure and materials. The demands were analyzed and the design indexes were put forward, then4 layers and multi density structure of insole were designed in order to meet the various functional requirements. The shoe insole was optimized by evaluation the function. The results show that, compared with No.2 insole, No.1 insole's peak pressure and pressure time integrals decrease significantly in the forefoot and heels, while that of the midfoot increases significantly. The contact area of the forefoot and midfoot increase significantly, but there is no obvious increase in the heel. In summary, the decompression effect of No.1 insole is better than that of No.2 insole, the contact area is further increased and the decompression effect of the insole is optimized through multilayer structure and materials design.
引文
[1]SNIJDER M B,VISSER MSTEHOUWER C D,HEINE R J,et al.Trunk fat and leg fat have independent and opposite associations with fasting and postload glucose levels:the Hoorn study[J].Diabetes Care,2004,27(2):372-377.
[2]VISWANATHAN V,MADHAVAN S,GNANASUNDARAM S,et al.Effectiveness of different types of footwear insoles for the diabetic neuropathic foot:a follow-up study.[J].Diabetes Care,2004,27(2):474.
[3]王爱红,赵湜,李强,等.中国部分省市糖尿病足调查及医学经济学分析[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志,2005,21(6):496-499.
[4]李玲,臧莎莎,宋光耀.糖尿病足溃疡的危险因素与治疗进展[J].中国全科医学,2013,16(27):3 159-3 163.
[5]BUS S A,ULBRECHT J S,CAVANAGH P R.Pressure relief and load redistribution by custom-made insoles in diabetic patients with neuropathy and foot deformity[J].Clinical Biomechanics,2004,19(6):629-638.
[6]KATO H,TAKADA T,KAWAMURA T,et al.The reduction and redistribution of plantar pressures using foot orthoses in diabetic patients[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,1996,31(1-3):115-118.
[7]LO W T,YICK K L,NG S P,et al.Numerical simulation of orthotic insole deformation for diabetic foot[J].Journal of Fiber Bioengineering&Informatics,2015,8(3):401-411.
[8]CHEUNG J,ZHANG M.A 3-dimensional finite element model of the human foot and ankle for insole design[J].Archives of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation,2005,86(2):353.
[9]李鑫,徐波,喻伟才,等.定制鞋垫硬度对足底压力的影响[J].中国皮革,2013(6):106-107.
[10]LEMMON D,SHIANG T Y,HASHMI A,et al.The effect of insoles in therapeutic footwear--a finite element approach.[J].Journal of Biomechanics,1997,30(6):615-620.
[11]林欧文,毛小慧,王乾乾.基于人脚感知的鞋垫硬度对足底压力影响的研究[J].中国皮革,2013,42(22):110-113.
[12]李世光,贾红毅,赵建波.糖尿病患者与健康人足底压力分布特征的比较[J].中国糖尿病杂志,2013,21(5):439-441.
[13]李婷,徐波,宋影.矫形鞋垫及辅具应用的现状与展望[J].中国皮革,2013,42(20):110-111.
[14]唐秋月,杨阳,张金伟,等.纳米银复合抗菌剂在鞋里革上的应用研究[J].中国皮革,2014,43(11):11-13.
[15]弓太生,韩珵琨,汤运启,等.扁平足儿童足弓支撑垫的设计与研究[J].中国皮革,2018,47(3):38-41.
[16]徐晴岩,周大伟,李立峰,等.使用硅胶足垫分解足底压力的研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2007,22(8):736-738.
[17]BOOKSTEIN F L,DOMJANIC J.The Principal Components of Adult Female Insole Shape Align Closely with Two of Its Classic Indicators[J].Plos One,2015,10(8).
[18]CHEN W P,JU C W,TANG F T.Effects of total contact insoles on the plantar stress redistribution:a finite element analysis.[J].Clinica Biomechanics,2003,18(6):17-24.
[19]冯林,卢冒福,周晋,等.糖尿病鞋的设计方法[P]:CN,101411551A.2009.04.22.
[20]喻伟才,李鑫,冉美玲,等.鞋垫腰窝高度对足底压力舒适性的影响研究[J].中国皮革,2012,41(16):119-121.
[21]李鑫,徐波.鞋垫腰窝高度对足底压力舒适性的影响[J].中国皮革,2013,42(10):122-124.
[22]弓太生,张戈雲,李方,等.糖足足底压力分布特征与压力分散垫的研究[J].中国皮革,2017,46(3):52-58.
[2]VISWANATHAN V,MADHAVAN S,GNANASUNDARAM S,et al.Effectiveness of different types of footwear insoles for the diabetic neuropathic foot:a follow-up study.[J].Diabetes Care,2004,27(2):474.
[3]王爱红,赵湜,李强,等.中国部分省市糖尿病足调查及医学经济学分析[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志,2005,21(6):496-499.
[4]李玲,臧莎莎,宋光耀.糖尿病足溃疡的危险因素与治疗进展[J].中国全科医学,2013,16(27):3 159-3 163.
[5]BUS S A,ULBRECHT J S,CAVANAGH P R.Pressure relief and load redistribution by custom-made insoles in diabetic patients with neuropathy and foot deformity[J].Clinical Biomechanics,2004,19(6):629-638.
[6]KATO H,TAKADA T,KAWAMURA T,et al.The reduction and redistribution of plantar pressures using foot orthoses in diabetic patients[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,1996,31(1-3):115-118.
[7]LO W T,YICK K L,NG S P,et al.Numerical simulation of orthotic insole deformation for diabetic foot[J].Journal of Fiber Bioengineering&Informatics,2015,8(3):401-411.
[8]CHEUNG J,ZHANG M.A 3-dimensional finite element model of the human foot and ankle for insole design[J].Archives of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation,2005,86(2):353.
[9]李鑫,徐波,喻伟才,等.定制鞋垫硬度对足底压力的影响[J].中国皮革,2013(6):106-107.
[10]LEMMON D,SHIANG T Y,HASHMI A,et al.The effect of insoles in therapeutic footwear--a finite element approach.[J].Journal of Biomechanics,1997,30(6):615-620.
[11]林欧文,毛小慧,王乾乾.基于人脚感知的鞋垫硬度对足底压力影响的研究[J].中国皮革,2013,42(22):110-113.
[12]李世光,贾红毅,赵建波.糖尿病患者与健康人足底压力分布特征的比较[J].中国糖尿病杂志,2013,21(5):439-441.
[13]李婷,徐波,宋影.矫形鞋垫及辅具应用的现状与展望[J].中国皮革,2013,42(20):110-111.
[14]唐秋月,杨阳,张金伟,等.纳米银复合抗菌剂在鞋里革上的应用研究[J].中国皮革,2014,43(11):11-13.
[15]弓太生,韩珵琨,汤运启,等.扁平足儿童足弓支撑垫的设计与研究[J].中国皮革,2018,47(3):38-41.
[16]徐晴岩,周大伟,李立峰,等.使用硅胶足垫分解足底压力的研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2007,22(8):736-738.
[17]BOOKSTEIN F L,DOMJANIC J.The Principal Components of Adult Female Insole Shape Align Closely with Two of Its Classic Indicators[J].Plos One,2015,10(8).
[18]CHEN W P,JU C W,TANG F T.Effects of total contact insoles on the plantar stress redistribution:a finite element analysis.[J].Clinica Biomechanics,2003,18(6):17-24.
[19]冯林,卢冒福,周晋,等.糖尿病鞋的设计方法[P]:CN,101411551A.2009.04.22.
[20]喻伟才,李鑫,冉美玲,等.鞋垫腰窝高度对足底压力舒适性的影响研究[J].中国皮革,2012,41(16):119-121.
[21]李鑫,徐波.鞋垫腰窝高度对足底压力舒适性的影响[J].中国皮革,2013,42(10):122-124.
[22]弓太生,张戈雲,李方,等.糖足足底压力分布特征与压力分散垫的研究[J].中国皮革,2017,46(3):52-58.