采用水体表观污染指数法评价苏州城市水体表观质量
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摘要
以苏州城区河道为例,运用水体表观污染指数法(SPI)分别从整体区域、片区之间及典型河道3个层次进行分析并评价苏州城区河道水体表观质量。结果表明:在研究期间,苏州城区河道整体表观质量具有向好的趋势;不同片区水体表观质量具有明显差异,其中城南片、古城西北片区最差,山塘片区最优,高新区优于古城区;典型河道彩香桥始终优于张广桥、黄花泾桥,黄花泾桥表观质量波动较大,总体处于较差等级。表观污染指数法能够多层次评价水体表观质量,科学阐述表观污染现象的发展历程及评价水体修复工程成效。
Taking the urban river channels in Suzhou as an example,this paper used the sensation pollution index method( SPI) to investigate the apparent quality of intraregional watercourse,interregional watercourse and typical watercourse,respectively. The results showed that: the overall apparent quality of rivers in Suzhou had a good trend during the study period;the apparent quality of watercourse in different areas had obvious differences,among which the south area of the city and the northwestern Gucheng area were the worst,the Shantang area was the best,and the High-tech area was better than the Gucheng area; the typical river course Caixiang Bridge was always better than Zhangguang Bridge and Huanghuajing Bridge,the apparent quality of Huanghuajing Bridge fluctuated greatly,and was in a poor grade generally. The sensation pollution index method( SPI) could evaluate the apparent water quality of on multiple levels,and it could scientifically explain the development history of apparent pollution phenomena and evaluate the effectiveness of water restoration projects.
Taking the urban river channels in Suzhou as an example,this paper used the sensation pollution index method( SPI) to investigate the apparent quality of intraregional watercourse,interregional watercourse and typical watercourse,respectively. The results showed that: the overall apparent quality of rivers in Suzhou had a good trend during the study period;the apparent quality of watercourse in different areas had obvious differences,among which the south area of the city and the northwestern Gucheng area were the worst,the Shantang area was the best,and the High-tech area was better than the Gucheng area; the typical river course Caixiang Bridge was always better than Zhangguang Bridge and Huanghuajing Bridge,the apparent quality of Huanghuajing Bridge fluctuated greatly,and was in a poor grade generally. The sensation pollution index method( SPI) could evaluate the apparent water quality of on multiple levels,and it could scientifically explain the development history of apparent pollution phenomena and evaluate the effectiveness of water restoration projects.
引文
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[20]陈鸣,潘杨,黄勇.非溶解态物质对苏州市景观水体表观污染的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(9):3689-3694.
[21] Duval B,Ludlam S D. The black water chemocline of meromictic Lower Mystic Lake,Massachusetts,USA[J]. In-ternational Review of Hydrobiology,2001,86(2):165-181.
[2] Ren W,Zhong Y,Meligrana J,et al. Urbanization,land use,and water quality in Shanghai 1947—1996[J]. Environment International,2003,29(5):649-659.
[3]国家环境保护总局. GB 12941—1991景观娱乐用水水质标准[J].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991.
[4]国家环境保护总局. GB/T 18921—2002城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质[J].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[5]国家环境保护总局. GB 3838—2002地表水环境质量标准[J].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[6] Liu S G,Lou S,Kuang C P,et al. Water quality assessment by pollution-index method in the coastal waters of Hebei Province in western Bohai Sea,China[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62:2220-2229.
[7] Azhar,Shah Christirani,Ahmad Zaharin Aris,et al. Classification of river water quality using multivariate analysis[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences,2015,30:79-84.
[8]傅振鹏,陶涛,孙世群.模糊评价在巢湖市饮用水水源地水质评价中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(9):5235-5237.
[9] Liu X B,Li G F,Liu Z G,et al. Water pollution characteristics and assessment of lower reaches in Haihe River Basin[J]. Procedia Environmental Science,2010(2):199-206.
[10]李奂,黄勇,李学艳,等.城市景观水体表观质量评价方法研究[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(15):95-98.
[11]顾强,丁磊.城市建成区黑臭水体评价方法比较[J].水资源保护,2017,33(4):70-74.
[12]刘成,胡湛波,郝晓明,等.城市河道黑臭评价模型研究进展[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,2011(1):43-54.
[13]张舒.上海青浦区中小河道水体黑臭评价方法的对比评估[J].中国水运,2017,17(7):170-171,17.
[14]胡培,赵吉国.江门市黑臭水体水质现状及污染特征分析[J].广东水利水电,2017,5(5):20-24,34.
[15]王旭,王永刚,孙长虹,等.城市黑臭水体形成机理与评价方法研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(4):1331-1340.
[16]潘杨,黄勇,申杰,等.吸收光谱法表征城市水体表观污染[J].安全与环境工程,2014,21(1):42-47.
[17]申杰.城市景观水体表观污染的吸收光谱表征方法研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2012.
[18]保金花.景观水体感官质量评价方法研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2008.
[19]陈鸣,潘杨,黄勇.吸收光谱法表征城市景观水体表观污染的方法优化[J].苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),2013,26(4):1-6.
[20]陈鸣,潘杨,黄勇.非溶解态物质对苏州市景观水体表观污染的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(9):3689-3694.
[21] Duval B,Ludlam S D. The black water chemocline of meromictic Lower Mystic Lake,Massachusetts,USA[J]. In-ternational Review of Hydrobiology,2001,86(2):165-181.