北京市朝阳区60岁及以上老年人乙肝病毒感染状况调查
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摘要
目的了解北京市朝阳区60岁及以上老年人HBsAg流行状况和抗-HBs水平。方法 2014年在朝阳区43个社区采用年龄性别等比例抽样的方法,选取60岁及以上的常住居民,通过面对面问卷调查了解乙肝感染的相关特征及影响因素,采集静脉血通过酶联免疫吸附实验试剂检测HBsAg和抗-HBs。结果共调查27 183人,HBsAg粗阳性率为2.01%(95%CI:1.84%-2.18%)。年龄别的HBsAg阳性率随年龄上升呈现下降趋势,男性HBsAg阳性率(2.08%)和女性(1.96%)相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);北京户籍者HBsAg阳性率(1.80%)低于外地户籍者(3.46%)(P<0.01)。抗-HBs粗阳性率为29.55%(95%CI:29.01%-30.09%),北京户籍者抗-HBs阳性率(28.02%)低于外地户籍者(38.36%)(P<0.01)。结论朝阳区60岁以上京籍老年人HBsAg流行率已处于较低水平,但非京籍人群HBsAg感染率相对较高,朝阳区老年人乙肝防控的重点应为外地户籍人口。
Objective To determine the seroepidemiology of HBV infection and HBV immunity among adults aged 60 years and older in Chaoyang district of Beijing. Methods The residents aged 60 years and older were selected by the sex and age proportional sampling method from 43 communities in Chaoyang district of Beijing in 2014. A questionnaire-based interview was performed to explore the characters and associated factors. The venous blood specimens were collected to test HBsAg and anti-HBs by ELISA. Results A total of 27 183 residents were surveyed. The overall positive rate of HBV surface antigen(HBsAg) was 2.01%(95%CI: 1.84%-2.18%). These rates among age groups decreased with increasing age. There was no significant difference between menand women in positive rate of HBsAg(2.08% vs. 1.96%,P>0.05). For local residents group and mobile population group, the positive rate of HBsAg was 1.80% and 3.46%(P<0.01). The overall positive rate of anti-HBs was 29.55%(95%CI:29.01%-30.09%). This rate in local residents was lower than that in others(28.02% vs. 38.36%,P<0.01). The overall negative rate of HBsAg and anti-HBs was 68.57%(95%CI:68.02%-69.12%). Conclusion The prevalence of HBV infection among local residents aged 60 years and older in Chaoyang district has reached a low level, but it was relatively higher among mobile population. HBV prevention among the old in Chaoyang district should focus on the mobile population.
Objective To determine the seroepidemiology of HBV infection and HBV immunity among adults aged 60 years and older in Chaoyang district of Beijing. Methods The residents aged 60 years and older were selected by the sex and age proportional sampling method from 43 communities in Chaoyang district of Beijing in 2014. A questionnaire-based interview was performed to explore the characters and associated factors. The venous blood specimens were collected to test HBsAg and anti-HBs by ELISA. Results A total of 27 183 residents were surveyed. The overall positive rate of HBV surface antigen(HBsAg) was 2.01%(95%CI: 1.84%-2.18%). These rates among age groups decreased with increasing age. There was no significant difference between menand women in positive rate of HBsAg(2.08% vs. 1.96%,P>0.05). For local residents group and mobile population group, the positive rate of HBsAg was 1.80% and 3.46%(P<0.01). The overall positive rate of anti-HBs was 29.55%(95%CI:29.01%-30.09%). This rate in local residents was lower than that in others(28.02% vs. 38.36%,P<0.01). The overall negative rate of HBsAg and anti-HBs was 68.57%(95%CI:68.02%-69.12%). Conclusion The prevalence of HBV infection among local residents aged 60 years and older in Chaoyang district has reached a low level, but it was relatively higher among mobile population. HBV prevention among the old in Chaoyang district should focus on the mobile population.
引文
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[11] 北京市疾病预防控制中心.北京市乙型肝炎成年人高危人群乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种技术指南(试行)[S].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(10):963-965.
[2] 国务院人口普查办公室,国家统计局人口和就业统计司.中国2010年人口普查资料[EB/OL].(2012-05-25).http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjzs/tjsj/tjcb/jptj/201205/t20120525_36686.html.
[3] 王焱焱.北京市朝阳区基于社区的成人乙肝血清学流行现状及成人乙肝疫苗接种可行性研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院,2015.
[4] 高培,王怀,陈维欣,等.北京市自然人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):658-662
[5] LAVANCHY D.Hepatitis B virus epidemiology,disease burden,treatment,and current and emerging prevention and control measures [J].J Viral Hepat,2004,11(2):97-107.
[6] 张秀春,庞星火,张卫,等.2010年北京市朝阳区乙型肝炎流行状况调查[J].中华预防医学杂志,2012,46(7):623-626.
[7] 朱冬梅,蒋文,李彦勋.河南省周口市2014年1-74岁人群乙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2017,23(2):152-156.
[8] 刘秀颖,庞星火,李刚.北京市2009-2014年乙型病毒性肝炎发病趋势分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2016,23(1):1-3.
[9] TOHME R A,AWOSIKA-OLUMO D,NIELSEN C,et al.Evaluation of hepatitis B vaccine immunogenicity among older adults during an outbreak response in assisted living facilities [J].Vaccine,2011,29(50):9316-9320.DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.011.
[10] 聂黎,庞星火,张政,等.不同种类和剂量乙型肝炎疫苗成年人快速免疫效果观察[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(9):1151-1155.
[11] 北京市疾病预防控制中心.北京市乙型肝炎成年人高危人群乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种技术指南(试行)[S].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(10):963-965.