围栏封育对伊犁河谷中山带退化草地改良效果研究
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摘要
2012年至2016年,连续5年以伊犁河谷中山带山地草甸类、温性草甸草原类和温性草原类退化草地为研究对象,测定其围栏内外的鲜草产量、干草产量、植被盖度、草群高度和植物种类。结果显示:围栏封育可以有效提高退化温性草原类、温性草甸草原类、山地草甸类草地的生产力;能显著提高3类草地的鲜草产量、干草产量和草群高度;对植被盖度的影响随着海拔的升高逐渐降低;对植物种类数的影响幅度较小,差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明围栏封育可以作为草地改良的措施之一在伊犁河谷退化草地中应用。
Mountain meadow,temperate meadow steppe and temperate grassland degraded grassland in the middle mountain in Yili River valley were used to examine the fresh yield,hay yield,vegetation coverage,vegetation height and plant species inside and outside fence for 5 consecutive years from 2012 to 2016.The results showed that the fence effectively improved the grassland productivity in the degraded temperate grassland,temperate meadow steppe and mountain meadow grassland;significantly improved the fresh yield,hay yield and grass height of the three types of grassland;the influence on vegetation coverage gradually decreased with altitude increasement;the impact on plant species was not significan(tP>0.05).It could be concluded that fence would be used as a grassland improvement measure in degraded grassland in Yili River valley.
Mountain meadow,temperate meadow steppe and temperate grassland degraded grassland in the middle mountain in Yili River valley were used to examine the fresh yield,hay yield,vegetation coverage,vegetation height and plant species inside and outside fence for 5 consecutive years from 2012 to 2016.The results showed that the fence effectively improved the grassland productivity in the degraded temperate grassland,temperate meadow steppe and mountain meadow grassland;significantly improved the fresh yield,hay yield and grass height of the three types of grassland;the influence on vegetation coverage gradually decreased with altitude increasement;the impact on plant species was not significan(tP>0.05).It could be concluded that fence would be used as a grassland improvement measure in degraded grassland in Yili River valley.
引文
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[2]任健,李永进,欧阳青,等.短期封育和施用牛粪对亚高山草甸植物群落组成及生物量的影响[J].草地学报,2016,24(6):1197-1202.
[3]扎西文毛,赵建中,严振英,等.围栏封育对退化草地群落功能群的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(14):8650-8652.
[4]刘雪明,聂学敏.围栏封育对高寒草地植被数量特征的影响[J].草业科学,2012,29(1):112-116.
[5]周斌,乔木,冯缨.伊犁河谷春秋草地生态调查及其恢复对策[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(4):528-532.
[6]朱新萍,贾宏涛,蒋平安,等.长期围栏封育对中天山草地植被群落特征及多样性的影响[J].草业科学,2012,29(6):989-992.
[7]崔国盈,刘长娥,安沙舟.天山北坡山地草原围栏封育效果研究[J].草业与草坪,2008,130(5):51-55.
[8]赵德良,李建伟,范天文.新源县草原草地生产力变化研究[J].中国畜牧业,2014(22):51-53.
[9]张虎,师尚礼,王顺霞.放牧强度对宁夏荒漠草原植物群落结构及草地生产力的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(9):73-76.
[10]齐米克,孙强.富蕴县山地草原草地生产力变化初探[J].新疆畜牧业,2010(6):55-56.
[11]王建华,李建伟,罗志娜.伊宁县草原草地生产力变化研究[J].新疆畜牧业,2013(12):22-25.
[12]马克平.试论生物多样性的概念[J].生物多样性,1993,1(15):20-22.