美国集中采购组织实施效果研究及其对我国药品采购的启示
|
摘要
目的:研究美国集中采购组织实施的效果,为我国药品采购制度改革提出建议。方法:在分析国内研究的基础上,采用文献研究法,对美国集中采购组织的实施效果加以研究。结果:研究发现集中采购组织在美国很受质疑,主要集中在集中采购组织能否为医疗机构节约成本、可能导致垄断、药品短缺以及抑制创新四个方面,其"合同管理费"的收取是争论的焦点。结论:建议要让市场机制在药品资源的配置中发挥决定性作用,取消以省为单位的药品招标采购模式,发挥中介组织在药品采购的作用。要在全国范围内统一规则、统一操作标准,落实"带量采购",严格执行量价挂钩,让集团采购的效应真正的发挥。
Objective:To analyze the implementation effect of the group purchasing organizations(GPOs)in the United Statesand provide suggestions for the reform of drug procurement in China.Methods:Basing on domestic researches,the implementationeffect of GPOs was analyzed by literature research method.Results:The research found that GPOs was facing questions,includingwhether it saves cost for medical institutions,resulting in monopoly,drug shortages and suppressing innovation. Contract administra-tive fees(CAFs)was the central issue.Conclusion:It suggested that marketing mechanism should play the deciding role in the allo-cation of drugs,cancel pharmaceutical bidding mode from province units and make the third parties play role in drug purchasing. Itneeded to unify the rules and operating principles in nationwide,implement the "Purchasing-with-Amount" policy so as to letgroup purchasing act the real role.
Objective:To analyze the implementation effect of the group purchasing organizations(GPOs)in the United Statesand provide suggestions for the reform of drug procurement in China.Methods:Basing on domestic researches,the implementationeffect of GPOs was analyzed by literature research method.Results:The research found that GPOs was facing questions,includingwhether it saves cost for medical institutions,resulting in monopoly,drug shortages and suppressing innovation. Contract administra-tive fees(CAFs)was the central issue.Conclusion:It suggested that marketing mechanism should play the deciding role in the allo-cation of drugs,cancel pharmaceutical bidding mode from province units and make the third parties play role in drug purchasing. Itneeded to unify the rules and operating principles in nationwide,implement the "Purchasing-with-Amount" policy so as to letgroup purchasing act the real role.
引文
[1]Bernard L W.The role of Group Purchasing Organiza-tions(GPOs)in the U.S.medical industry supply chain[J].Es-tudios de Economia Aplicada,2006,24(3):789-802.
[2]Hu Q,Schwarz L,Uhan N.The impact of GPOs on health-care-product supply chains[D].West Lafayette:Purdue Uni-versity,2009.
[3]United States Government Accountability Office.Group Pur-chasing Organizations:Services Provided to Customers andInitiatives Regarding Their Business Practices[R].Washing-ton DC.:United States Government Accountability Office,2010.
[4]Carson B.The Global Market for Medical Devices[M].4thEdition.New York:Kalorama Information,2013:41-43.
[5]Schneller E S.The Value of Group Purchasing in the HealthCare Supply Chain[R].Tempe,Arizona:School of Health Ad-ministration and Policy,College of Business at Arizona StateUniversity,2010.
[6]苏涛,常峰,邵蓉.对美国药品集中采购组织的解析[J].上海医药,2011,32(6):295-297.
[7]Schneller E.The Value of Group Purchasing-2009[EB/OL].(2012-05-18)[2015-04-20].https://www.nova-tionco.com/media/industryinfo/value_of_gpo_2009.pdf.
[8]Healthcare Purchasing News.New report:Healthcare GPO’sgenerate up to$55 billion in annual cost savings for hospitals[N].News Wire,2014-08-16(1).
[9]Burns L R,Lee J A.Hospital purchasing alliances:utiliza-tion,services,and performance[J].Health Care Manage,2008,33(3):203-215.
[10]Anonymity.Group purchasing organizations don’t actuallysave money,device trade group says[J].Journal of Clinical Engineering,2011,36(1):12-13.
[11]Hu Q,Schwarz L,Uhan N.The impact of GPOs on health-care-product supply chains[J].Manufacturing&Service Op-erations Management,2012,14(1):7-23.
[12]Litan R E,Singer H J,Birkenbach A.An empirical analysisof afermarket transactions by hospitals[J].Journal of Contem-porary Health Law&Policy,2012,28(1):23-38.
[13]邵蓉,谢金平,蒋蓉.美国集团采购组织分析及对我国药品采购的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2014,7(6):35-40.
[14]Hu Qiaohai,Schwarz L B.Controversial role of GPOs inhealthcare product supply chains[J].Production and Opera-tions Management,2011,20(1):1-15.
[15]Esquire C M.Group Purchasing Organizations and AntitrustLaw:recent developments[R].Washington DC.:AmericanHealth Lawyers Association,2011.
[16]Roger D B,Durrance C P.Group Purchasing Organizations,monopsony,and antitrust policy[J].Managerial and De-cisioon Economics,2014,35(3):433-443.
[17]U.S.Food and Drug Administration.Executive Summary:AReview of FDA’s Approach to Medical Product Shortages[EB/OL].(2011-03-11)[2015-04-22].http://www.fda.gov/About FDA/Reports Manuals Forms/Reports/ucm277744.htm.
[18]Staff Report,U.S.House of Representatives.FDA’s Contri-bution to the Drug Shortage Crisis[R].Washington DC.:Committee on Oversight and Government Reform,2012.
[19]Hu Qiaohai,Schwarz L B.Do GPOs Promote or Stifle Com-petition in Healthcare Product Supply Chains?[EB/OL].(2013-11-05)[2015-04-22].http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcon-tent.cgi?article=1066&context=rche_rp&sei-redir=1&referrer.
[2]Hu Q,Schwarz L,Uhan N.The impact of GPOs on health-care-product supply chains[D].West Lafayette:Purdue Uni-versity,2009.
[3]United States Government Accountability Office.Group Pur-chasing Organizations:Services Provided to Customers andInitiatives Regarding Their Business Practices[R].Washing-ton DC.:United States Government Accountability Office,2010.
[4]Carson B.The Global Market for Medical Devices[M].4thEdition.New York:Kalorama Information,2013:41-43.
[5]Schneller E S.The Value of Group Purchasing in the HealthCare Supply Chain[R].Tempe,Arizona:School of Health Ad-ministration and Policy,College of Business at Arizona StateUniversity,2010.
[6]苏涛,常峰,邵蓉.对美国药品集中采购组织的解析[J].上海医药,2011,32(6):295-297.
[7]Schneller E.The Value of Group Purchasing-2009[EB/OL].(2012-05-18)[2015-04-20].https://www.nova-tionco.com/media/industryinfo/value_of_gpo_2009.pdf.
[8]Healthcare Purchasing News.New report:Healthcare GPO’sgenerate up to$55 billion in annual cost savings for hospitals[N].News Wire,2014-08-16(1).
[9]Burns L R,Lee J A.Hospital purchasing alliances:utiliza-tion,services,and performance[J].Health Care Manage,2008,33(3):203-215.
[10]Anonymity.Group purchasing organizations don’t actuallysave money,device trade group says[J].Journal of Clinical Engineering,2011,36(1):12-13.
[11]Hu Q,Schwarz L,Uhan N.The impact of GPOs on health-care-product supply chains[J].Manufacturing&Service Op-erations Management,2012,14(1):7-23.
[12]Litan R E,Singer H J,Birkenbach A.An empirical analysisof afermarket transactions by hospitals[J].Journal of Contem-porary Health Law&Policy,2012,28(1):23-38.
[13]邵蓉,谢金平,蒋蓉.美国集团采购组织分析及对我国药品采购的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2014,7(6):35-40.
[14]Hu Qiaohai,Schwarz L B.Controversial role of GPOs inhealthcare product supply chains[J].Production and Opera-tions Management,2011,20(1):1-15.
[15]Esquire C M.Group Purchasing Organizations and AntitrustLaw:recent developments[R].Washington DC.:AmericanHealth Lawyers Association,2011.
[16]Roger D B,Durrance C P.Group Purchasing Organizations,monopsony,and antitrust policy[J].Managerial and De-cisioon Economics,2014,35(3):433-443.
[17]U.S.Food and Drug Administration.Executive Summary:AReview of FDA’s Approach to Medical Product Shortages[EB/OL].(2011-03-11)[2015-04-22].http://www.fda.gov/About FDA/Reports Manuals Forms/Reports/ucm277744.htm.
[18]Staff Report,U.S.House of Representatives.FDA’s Contri-bution to the Drug Shortage Crisis[R].Washington DC.:Committee on Oversight and Government Reform,2012.
[19]Hu Qiaohai,Schwarz L B.Do GPOs Promote or Stifle Com-petition in Healthcare Product Supply Chains?[EB/OL].(2013-11-05)[2015-04-22].http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcon-tent.cgi?article=1066&context=rche_rp&sei-redir=1&referrer.