2006-2018年荆州市流行性感冒监测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解2006-2018年荆州市流行性感冒(流感)流行病学特征,提出防控建议。方法收集荆州市国家级流感监测哨点2006-2018年流感样病例(ILI)监测资料、2010-2018年病原学监测资料和暴发疫情资料并分析。结果 2006-2018年荆州市流感样病例就诊百分比(ILI%)平均为1.94%;5岁以下ILI数占总数的62.45%。2010-2018年荆州市共分离检测流ILI标本14 650例,阳性标本2 008例,阳性率13.71%;ILI%与标本核酸阳性率高峰时间吻合,二者呈正相关(r_s=0.50,P<0.05);全年出现冬春季3～10周和夏秋季30～37周两个流行高峰;分离毒株以季H3型(49.10%)和乙型为主(33.22%),各型别毒株交替成为优势毒株。报告流感暴发疫情68起,均发生在学校和托幼机构。结论 2006-2018年荆州市流感疫情整体平稳,有明显冬春季和夏秋季高峰,5岁以下儿童和学校是流感防控的重点人群和重点场所。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Jingzhou from 2006 to 2018,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention of influenza.Methods The surveillance data of influenza-like cases(ILI) in 2006-2018 of Jingzhou City national influenza surveillance sentinel,the pathogen monitoring data of 2010-2018 and the outbreak epidemic data were collected and analyzed.Results The average percentage of influenza-like illness(ILI %) was 1.94% in Jingzhou City during 2006-2018,the number of ILI under 5 years old accounted for 62.45% of the total.From 2010 to 2018,a total of 14650 throat swab specimens were collected and tested for ILI,in which 2008 cases were tested positive(13.71%).Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between the ILI% and the positive rate of nucleic acid samples(r_s=0.50,P<0.05).The influenza epidemics had two peaks in each year,respectively occurring in winter and spring(from week 3 to week 10) and in summer and autumn(from week 30 to week 37).The predominant isolated strains were mainly seasonal H3 N2 subtype(49.10%) and type B(33.22%).The dominant strains in different monitoring years appeared alternately.68 outbreaks of influenza were reported,and occurred in schools and kindergartens.Conclusion In 2006-2018,the flu epidemic situation in Jingzhou City was stable overall,with obvious peaks respectively in winter and spring and in summer and autumn.For influenza prevention and control,children under the age of 5 are the main population and schools are the main places.
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Jingzhou from 2006 to 2018,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention of influenza.Methods The surveillance data of influenza-like cases(ILI) in 2006-2018 of Jingzhou City national influenza surveillance sentinel,the pathogen monitoring data of 2010-2018 and the outbreak epidemic data were collected and analyzed.Results The average percentage of influenza-like illness(ILI %) was 1.94% in Jingzhou City during 2006-2018,the number of ILI under 5 years old accounted for 62.45% of the total.From 2010 to 2018,a total of 14650 throat swab specimens were collected and tested for ILI,in which 2008 cases were tested positive(13.71%).Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between the ILI% and the positive rate of nucleic acid samples(r_s=0.50,P<0.05).The influenza epidemics had two peaks in each year,respectively occurring in winter and spring(from week 3 to week 10) and in summer and autumn(from week 30 to week 37).The predominant isolated strains were mainly seasonal H3 N2 subtype(49.10%) and type B(33.22%).The dominant strains in different monitoring years appeared alternately.68 outbreaks of influenza were reported,and occurred in schools and kindergartens.Conclusion In 2006-2018,the flu epidemic situation in Jingzhou City was stable overall,with obvious peaks respectively in winter and spring and in summer and autumn.For influenza prevention and control,children under the age of 5 are the main population and schools are the main places.
引文
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[15] 于佳,张涛,王胤,等.苏州市2011-2017年5岁以下儿童流感门诊病例临床特征及疾病负担[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(6):847-851.
[2] Rubinstein H,Marcu A,Yardley L,et al.Public preferences for vaccination and antiviral medicines under different pandemic flu outbreak scenarios[J].BMC Public Health,2015,15(1):1-13.
[3] Gohil D,Kothari S,Shinde P,et al.Genetic characterization of influenza a (H1N1) pandemic 2009 virus isolates from mumbai[J].Current Microbiology,2017,74(8):899-907.
[4] 李越,陈涛,杨静,等.2009年后我国北方地区流感样病例的动态预警分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(2):96-100.
[5] 孙佰红,王璐璐,于伟,等.辽宁省2010-2014年流感流行特征及变化趋势[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):45-47.
[6] 国家卫生计生委.全国流感监测方案[EB/OL].[2019-04-03].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3577/201704/ed1498d9e64144738cc7f8db61a39506.shtml.
[7] 刘琳琳,方斌,李翔,等.湖北省2010-2014年度流行性感冒流行态势分析[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2016,45(2):220-223.
[8] 陈涛,杨静,汪立杰,等.2016-2017年度中国大陆流行性感冒监测分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2018,34(3):1-11.
[9] Vega T,Lozano JE,Meerhoff T,et al.Influenza surveillance in Europe:comparing intensity levels calculated using the moving epidemic method[J].Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses,2015,9(5):234-246.
[10] 周美兰,胡世雄,周志华,等.湖南省2010-2015年流感样病例监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(9):1112-1116.
[11] 邓斐,资海荣,余慧燕,等.江苏省2010-2014年流感流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(9):901-904.
[12] Fu Y,Pan L,Sun Q,et al.The clinical and etiological characteristics of influenza-like illness (ILI) in outpatients in Shanghai,China,2011 to 2013[J].PLOS One,2015,10(3):e0119513.
[13] Peng ZB,Feng LZ,Carolyn GM,et al.Characterizing the epidemiology,virology,and clinical features of influenza in China′s first severe acute respiratory infection sentinel surveillance system,February 2011-October 2013[J].BMC Infectious Diseases,2015,15:143.
[14] Nelson MI,Simonsen L,Viboud C,et al.Stochastic processes are key determinants of Short-Term evolution in influenza a virus[J].PLOS Pathogens,2006,2(12):e125.
[15] 于佳,张涛,王胤,等.苏州市2011-2017年5岁以下儿童流感门诊病例临床特征及疾病负担[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(6):847-851.