动载作用下典型沥青路面剪应力特性分析
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摘要
为探究动态荷载作用下沥青路面的剪应力响应特征,应用ABAQUS建立半刚性路面(S1)、倒装式路面(S2)、组合式路面(S3)的动力有限元分析模型,针对3类典型沥青路面的剪应力空间分布特性,动、静剪应力差异以及路面结构和车辆荷载参数对剪应力的影响规律等方面开展数值模拟分析。研究结果表明:沿路面深度方向,剪应力最大值位于中面层顶面位置(40 mm深度处);剪应力在水平面的分布主要集中在车轮荷载作用区域,最大值位于轮印边缘位置处;S2的剪应力最大,S1与S3的剪应力较为接近,S3略大于S1;相比于静态荷载,动荷载作用下的剪应力更大,二者的差异性随轴重水平提高逐渐增大;剪应力随基层模量增加而减小,随面层模量的增大而增大,随基层厚度增加逐渐减小;随着车速和轴重的提高,路面剪应力均逐渐增大;剪应力随轴距增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,在轴距取1.1 m时,剪应力出现最大值;随着行车加速度的增加,路面剪应力基本呈线性关系增大,轴重与车速的提高,均会增大沥青路面在车辆制动过程中的剪应力。
In order to investigate the response characteristics of shear stress in asphalt pavement under dynamic load,the dynamic finite element analysis models about semi-rigid pavement( S1),inverted asphalt pavement( S2),and compound pavement( S3) are established with ABAQUS. Some numerical simulations are conducted to study the spatial distribution characteristics of shear stress in the 3 kinds of typical asphalt pavement,the difference between dynamic and static shear stresses,and the influence of pavement structure and vehicle load parameters on shear stress. The result shows that( 1) along the pavement depth,the maximum shear stress is at the top of mid-surface( 40 mm depth);( 2) the distribution of the shear stresses in the horizontal plane is mainly concentrated in the wheel load area,and the maximum value is located at the edge of wheel impression;( 3) the shear stress of S2 is the maximum,and the shear stresses of S1 and S3 is close,the shear stress of S3 is slightly large than that of S1;( 4)compared with the static load,the shear stress under dynamic load is larger,and the difference between dynamic and static shear stresses gradually increases with the increase of axle load level;( 5) the shearstress decreases with the increase of the base modulus,while it increases with the increase of the surface modulus,and also gradually decreases with the increase of base thickness;( 6) the shear stress in pavement gradually decreases with the increase of vehicle speed and axle load;( 7) the shear stress increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of wheelbase,and the shear stress achieves the maximum value when the wheelbase is 1. 1 m;( 8) with the increase of the driving acceleration,the pavement shear stress generally increases in a linear way;( 9) the shear stress of asphalt pavement increases with the increase of axle load and vehicle speed during braking.
In order to investigate the response characteristics of shear stress in asphalt pavement under dynamic load,the dynamic finite element analysis models about semi-rigid pavement( S1),inverted asphalt pavement( S2),and compound pavement( S3) are established with ABAQUS. Some numerical simulations are conducted to study the spatial distribution characteristics of shear stress in the 3 kinds of typical asphalt pavement,the difference between dynamic and static shear stresses,and the influence of pavement structure and vehicle load parameters on shear stress. The result shows that( 1) along the pavement depth,the maximum shear stress is at the top of mid-surface( 40 mm depth);( 2) the distribution of the shear stresses in the horizontal plane is mainly concentrated in the wheel load area,and the maximum value is located at the edge of wheel impression;( 3) the shear stress of S2 is the maximum,and the shear stresses of S1 and S3 is close,the shear stress of S3 is slightly large than that of S1;( 4)compared with the static load,the shear stress under dynamic load is larger,and the difference between dynamic and static shear stresses gradually increases with the increase of axle load level;( 5) the shearstress decreases with the increase of the base modulus,while it increases with the increase of the surface modulus,and also gradually decreases with the increase of base thickness;( 6) the shear stress in pavement gradually decreases with the increase of vehicle speed and axle load;( 7) the shear stress increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of wheelbase,and the shear stress achieves the maximum value when the wheelbase is 1. 1 m;( 8) with the increase of the driving acceleration,the pavement shear stress generally increases in a linear way;( 9) the shear stress of asphalt pavement increases with the increase of axle load and vehicle speed during braking.
引文
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[5]张静,宁晓霞,王耀军.超重车辆荷载作用下沥青混凝土路面剪应力分析[J].公路,2013,1(1):165-170.ZHANG Jing,NING Xiao-xia,WANG Yao-jun.S Shear Stress Analysis of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Under Super-heavy Traffic[J].Highway,2013,1(1):165-170.
[6]陈宝,吴德军,刘崭.沥青路面结构的最大剪应力[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2010,30(6):20-23.CHEN Bao,WU De-jun,LIU Zhan.Maximum Shearing Stress of Asphalt Pavement Structure[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2010,30(6):20-23.
[7]赵延庆,周长红,陈静云.沥青路面剪应力粘弹性响应分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,36(10):19-22.ZHAO Yan-qing,ZHOU Chang-hong,CHEN Jing-yun.Analysis of the Viscoelastic Responses of Shear Stress in Asphalt Pavements[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Science Edition,2009,36(10):19-22.
[8]彭卫兵,刘萌成,刘书镐.刹车荷载反复作用下沥青路面剪切动响应三维有限元分析[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(9):46-52.PENG Wei-bing,LIU Meng-cheng,LIU Shu-hao.Analysis of Shear Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement under Repeated Brake Loads by 3D Finite Element Method[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2009,26(9):46-52.
[9]胡小弟,孙立军.非均布轮载下沥青路面计算参数变化应力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2002,30(12):1472-1477.HU Xiao-di,SUN Li-jun.Stress Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Caused by Changes of Mechanics Calculation Parameters under Non-uniform Distributed Tire Pressure[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science Edition,2002,30(12):1472-1477.
[10]黄兵,吴玉,艾长发,等.结构参数对沥青路面动态响应的影响[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(9):8-12,26.HUANG Bing,WU Yu,AI Chang-fa,et al.Influence of Structural Parameters on Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(9):8-12,26.
[11]HUANG Y H.Pavement Analysis and Design[M].2nd ed.Upper Saddle River:Prentice Hall,2004.
[12]姚祖康.沥青路面结构设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.YAO Zu-kang.Structural Design of Asphalt Pavement[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2011.
[13]艾长发,邱延峻,毛成,等.考虑层间状态的沥青路面温度与荷载藕合行为分析[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(12):99-104.AI Chang-fa,QIU Yan-jun,MAO Cheng,et al.Simulation of the Temperature and Load Coupling Effect on Asphalt Pavement Considering Inter-layer Conditions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(12):99-104.
[14]刘丽.沥青路面层间处治技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008.LIU Li.Study on Asphalt Pavement Interlayer Treatment Technology[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2008.
[15]WU C P,SHEN P A.Dynamic Analysis of Concrete Pavements Subjected to Moving Laod[J].Tran Engineering,1996,22(5):367-373.
[16]谢水友,郑传超.水平荷载对沥青路面结构的影响[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(2):14-17.XIE Shui-you,ZHENG Chuan-chao.Influence of Horizontal Loads on Asphalt Pavement Structure[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2004,24(2):14-17.
[2]JTG D50—2006,公路沥青路面设计规范[S].JTG D40—2006,Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement[S].
[3]聂忆华,张起森.高等级公路沥青路面剪应力分析与应用[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(6):1232-1238.NIE Yi-hua,ZHANG Qi-sen.Analysis and Application of Shear Stress in High-type Asphalt Pavement[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology Editon,2007,38(6):1232-1238.
[4]聂忆华,张起森,徐阳,等.高等级公路沥青路面剪应力分布研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2007,29(5):85-90.NIE Yi-hua,ZHANG Qi-sen,XU Yang,et al.Distribution Regularities and Influencing Factors of Shear Stress in High Grade Asphalt Pavement Layers[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2007,29(5):85-90.
[5]张静,宁晓霞,王耀军.超重车辆荷载作用下沥青混凝土路面剪应力分析[J].公路,2013,1(1):165-170.ZHANG Jing,NING Xiao-xia,WANG Yao-jun.S Shear Stress Analysis of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Under Super-heavy Traffic[J].Highway,2013,1(1):165-170.
[6]陈宝,吴德军,刘崭.沥青路面结构的最大剪应力[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2010,30(6):20-23.CHEN Bao,WU De-jun,LIU Zhan.Maximum Shearing Stress of Asphalt Pavement Structure[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2010,30(6):20-23.
[7]赵延庆,周长红,陈静云.沥青路面剪应力粘弹性响应分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,36(10):19-22.ZHAO Yan-qing,ZHOU Chang-hong,CHEN Jing-yun.Analysis of the Viscoelastic Responses of Shear Stress in Asphalt Pavements[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Science Edition,2009,36(10):19-22.
[8]彭卫兵,刘萌成,刘书镐.刹车荷载反复作用下沥青路面剪切动响应三维有限元分析[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(9):46-52.PENG Wei-bing,LIU Meng-cheng,LIU Shu-hao.Analysis of Shear Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement under Repeated Brake Loads by 3D Finite Element Method[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2009,26(9):46-52.
[9]胡小弟,孙立军.非均布轮载下沥青路面计算参数变化应力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2002,30(12):1472-1477.HU Xiao-di,SUN Li-jun.Stress Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Caused by Changes of Mechanics Calculation Parameters under Non-uniform Distributed Tire Pressure[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science Edition,2002,30(12):1472-1477.
[10]黄兵,吴玉,艾长发,等.结构参数对沥青路面动态响应的影响[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(9):8-12,26.HUANG Bing,WU Yu,AI Chang-fa,et al.Influence of Structural Parameters on Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(9):8-12,26.
[11]HUANG Y H.Pavement Analysis and Design[M].2nd ed.Upper Saddle River:Prentice Hall,2004.
[12]姚祖康.沥青路面结构设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.YAO Zu-kang.Structural Design of Asphalt Pavement[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2011.
[13]艾长发,邱延峻,毛成,等.考虑层间状态的沥青路面温度与荷载藕合行为分析[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(12):99-104.AI Chang-fa,QIU Yan-jun,MAO Cheng,et al.Simulation of the Temperature and Load Coupling Effect on Asphalt Pavement Considering Inter-layer Conditions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(12):99-104.
[14]刘丽.沥青路面层间处治技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008.LIU Li.Study on Asphalt Pavement Interlayer Treatment Technology[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2008.
[15]WU C P,SHEN P A.Dynamic Analysis of Concrete Pavements Subjected to Moving Laod[J].Tran Engineering,1996,22(5):367-373.
[16]谢水友,郑传超.水平荷载对沥青路面结构的影响[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(2):14-17.XIE Shui-you,ZHENG Chuan-chao.Influence of Horizontal Loads on Asphalt Pavement Structure[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2004,24(2):14-17.