厚砂土层斜井井壁应力分布规律三维光弹性模型试验
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摘要
以穿越厚砂土层的某煤矿主斜井为工程背景,设计了物理模型试验,建立了斜井井壁三维光弹性应力冻结试验方法。实现了考虑斜向倾角作用下穿越厚砂土层斜井井壁应力状态的三维试验模拟,并结合应力冻结后模型横、纵向切片光弹测试得到的全场最大剪应力等值线图对井壁应力随埋深、环向角度变化规律进行了分析。研究结果表明,井壁横向切片内应力水平和应力分布不均匀性均远大于纵向切片,最大剪应力的应力集中区域出现在井壁两帮内缘水平面±25°范围内,斜井井壁顶部最大剪应力大于底部;随斜井井壁埋深增加,纵向应力近似线性增加,但不同环向角度对应的应力增加速度差异较大,从而导致不同埋深位置,井壁内部应力的量值和分布规律均有差异。
Taking the main inclined shaft of a coal mine across thick sandy soil layer as the engineering case,established a physical model for the inclined shaft wall with the three-dimensional stress-freezing photoelastic method. A three-dimensional simulation for the stress of inclined shaft wall across thick sandy soil layer was made under the consideration of inclined roadway inclination. The whole-field maximum shear stress contour map was obtained from the stress-freezing photoelastic test and the changes of shaft wall stress in relation to shaft depth and circumferential angle were also analyzed. According to the results,the internal stress and its uneven distribution of the transverse section of shaft wall were much greater than that of the longitudinal section. The maximum shear stress centered on the inner edges of shaft wall sides at a range of ±25°. The maximum shear stress on the top of inclined shaft wall was larger than the bottom. With the increase of shaft depth,the longitudinal stress showed a near-linear increase,but the rates of increase in relation to different circumferential angles differed greatly. Thus, the size and distribution of shaft wall internal stress varied with different shaft depth.
Taking the main inclined shaft of a coal mine across thick sandy soil layer as the engineering case,established a physical model for the inclined shaft wall with the three-dimensional stress-freezing photoelastic method. A three-dimensional simulation for the stress of inclined shaft wall across thick sandy soil layer was made under the consideration of inclined roadway inclination. The whole-field maximum shear stress contour map was obtained from the stress-freezing photoelastic test and the changes of shaft wall stress in relation to shaft depth and circumferential angle were also analyzed. According to the results,the internal stress and its uneven distribution of the transverse section of shaft wall were much greater than that of the longitudinal section. The maximum shear stress centered on the inner edges of shaft wall sides at a range of ±25°. The maximum shear stress on the top of inclined shaft wall was larger than the bottom. With the increase of shaft depth,the longitudinal stress showed a near-linear increase,but the rates of increase in relation to different circumferential angles differed greatly. Thus, the size and distribution of shaft wall internal stress varied with different shaft depth.
引文
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[21]Cernosek J.Three-dimensional photoelasticity by stress freezing[J].Experimental Mechanics,1980,20(12):417-426.
[2]周国庆,程锡禄.特殊地层中的井壁应力计算问题[J].中国矿业大学学报,1995,24(4):24-30.ZHOU Guoqing,CHENG Xilu.Study on the stress calculation of shaft lining surrounded by special strata[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1995,24(4):24-30.
[3]蒋斌松.复合井壁的弹性分析[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(4):397-
401.JIANG Binsong.Elastic analysis of the composite shaft linings[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(4):397-401.
[4]蒋斌松.立井井壁的计算理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(S1):2183-2186.JIANG Binsong.Calculating theory of shaft lining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(S1):2183-2186.
[5]周扬,周国庆.考虑治理荷载作用时井壁严格轴对称变形分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(7):999-1004.ZHOU Yang,ZHOU Gouqing.Strict axisymmetric deformation analysis of shaft linings considering shaft-curing load[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(7):999-1004.
[6]周晓敏,陈建华,罗晓青.孔隙型含水基岩段竖井井壁厚度拟订设计研究[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1174-1178.ZHOU Xiaomin,CHEN Jianhua,LUO Xiaoqing.Research on the preliminary thickness design of shaft lining in porous rock aquifer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(9):1174-1178.
[7]周扬,周国庆.塑料板夹层双层井壁的轴对称变形分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(9):1470-1475.ZHOU Yang,ZHOU Gouqing.Axisymmetric deformation analysis for the double layer shaft with a plastic interlayer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(9):1470-1475.
[8]中国煤炭建设协会.煤矿斜井井筒及硐室设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2007.
[9]张荣立,何国纬,李铎.采矿工程设计手册(中册)[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003.
[10]周檀君,周国庆,王建州,等.煤矿长斜井井筒外荷载特征研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(3):77-80.ZHOU Tanjun,ZHOU Guoqing,WANG Jianzhou,et al.External load characteristics of long inclined shaft in coal mine[J].Coal Engineering,2016,48(3):77-80.
[11]王襄禹,柏建彪,高祥.斜井在表土段时底板承载力的初探[J].能源技术与管理,2004(3):16-18.WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jiangbiao,GAO Xiang.Preliminary research to the floor load-bearing capacity of slope wihin overburden soil[J].Energy Technology and Management,2004(3):16-18.
[12]赵峰.壁后注浆技术在大佛寺煤矿斜井中的应用研究[D].西安:煤炭科学研究总院西安分院,2006.ZHAO Feng.The application study of the wall grouting behind technique at manage the inclined well of Dafosi coal mine[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Branch of CCRI,2006.
[13]闫振东,杨仁树,岳中文,等.渗水厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理模型试验[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(12):1599-1604.YAN Zhendong,YANG Renshu,YUE Zhongwen,et al.Model test on failure mechanism of the surrounding rock of oblique laneway in thick gravel stratum under seepage water[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(12):1599-1604.
[14]岳中文,杨仁树,孙中辉,等.富水厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理试验研究(Ⅱ)[J].(煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1273-1278.YUE Zhongwen,YANG Renshu,SUN Zhonghui,et al.Test study on failure mechanism of the surrounding rock of inclined shaft in thick gravel stratum with abundant water(Ⅱ)[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1273-1278.
[15]王卫军,袁越,余伟健,等.采动影响下底板暗斜井的破坏机理及其控制[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1463-1472.WANG Weijun,YUAN Yue,YU Weijian,et al.Failure mechanism of the subinclined shaft in floor under mining influence and its control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1463-1472.
[16]周檀君,周国庆.考虑倾角作用的斜井冻结壁厚度计算方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(3):514-520.ZHOU Tanjun,ZHOU Guoqing.Calculation method of frozen soilwall thickness for inclined shaft in consideration of the shaft inclination[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(3):514-520.
[17]Narasimhamurty T S.Experimental methods of determining the photoelastic constants[M].Photoelastic and Electro-Optic Properties of Crystals.Springer US,1981:197-297.
[18]冯琼,许蔚,李俊昌,等.改进的数字全息光弹方法-理论研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(9):56-59.FENG Qiong,XU Wei,LI Junchang,et al.Research on the improvement of digital holographic photo-elastic method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(9):56-59.
[19]马险峰,孔令刚,方薇,等.砂雨法试样制备平行试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(10):1791-1801.MA Xianfeng,KONG Linggang,FANG Wei,et al.Parallel tests on preparation of samples with sand pourer[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(10):1791-1801.
[20]徐光明,章卫民.离心模型中的粒径效应和边界效应研究[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(3):80-85.XU Guangming,ZHANG Weimin.A study of size effect and boundary effect in centrifugal tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1996,18(3):80-85.
[21]Cernosek J.Three-dimensional photoelasticity by stress freezing[J].Experimental Mechanics,1980,20(12):417-426.