中国新型城镇化在“十九大”后发展的新态势
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摘要
新型城镇化建设,关系到城镇化质量提升,关系到中国向高质量发展转型,关系到新时代"两阶段目标"的实现。"十九大"后,中国新型城镇化表现出4个方面新态势:一是走中国特色新型城镇化道路成为广泛共识,从城镇化严重滞后转向新型城镇化,从盲目赶超发达国家转向符合中国实际,从土地城镇化转向人的城镇化;二是新型城镇化是破解新时代不平衡不充分主要矛盾的重要抓手,新型城镇化具有高度综合性,与乡村振兴、"一带一路"等加强协同推进;三是新型城镇化在新时代背景下需要细化和深化,重点是人的城镇化与基本公共服务均等化、生态文明与可持续城镇化、社会治理与制度创新、空间治理与空间规划;四是城市群发展的重要性不断增强,京津冀协同、粤港澳大湾区,长三角城市群、中西部地区重点城市群以及国家级新区等空间载体在新型城镇化中引领作用更加凸显。加强新型城镇化的基础研究,提升地理学服务国家新型城镇化能力。
New urbanization construction is related to the improvement of urbanization quality,China's transition to high quality development and the achievement of the "two-phase goals" in the new era. After 19 th CPC National Congress in 2017, China's new urbanization has shown four major trends. First, new urbanization with Chinese characteristics has become a widespread consensus, turning from a serious lag to a precipitous movement, from blindly catching up with developed countries to coinciding with China's reality, from land-centered urbanization to human-centered urbanization. Second, new urbanization is a crucial approach to solve the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's evergrowing needs for a better life in the new era. New urbanization is highly integrated and needs to be coordinated with rural revitalization and the Belt and Road Initiative. Third, the research content of new urbanization needs to be refined and deepened in the new era. The emphases are the human-centered urbanization and fundamental public services equalization, ecological civilization and sustainable urbanization, social governance and institutional innovation, spatial governance and space planning. Finally, the development of urban agglomerations is becoming more and more important. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay, Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, key urban agglomerations in central and western regions of China and national new areas have played more prominent roles in new urbanization to strengthen the basic research on new urbanization and enhance the ability of geography to serve China's new urbanization.
New urbanization construction is related to the improvement of urbanization quality,China's transition to high quality development and the achievement of the "two-phase goals" in the new era. After 19 th CPC National Congress in 2017, China's new urbanization has shown four major trends. First, new urbanization with Chinese characteristics has become a widespread consensus, turning from a serious lag to a precipitous movement, from blindly catching up with developed countries to coinciding with China's reality, from land-centered urbanization to human-centered urbanization. Second, new urbanization is a crucial approach to solve the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's evergrowing needs for a better life in the new era. New urbanization is highly integrated and needs to be coordinated with rural revitalization and the Belt and Road Initiative. Third, the research content of new urbanization needs to be refined and deepened in the new era. The emphases are the human-centered urbanization and fundamental public services equalization, ecological civilization and sustainable urbanization, social governance and institutional innovation, spatial governance and space planning. Finally, the development of urban agglomerations is becoming more and more important. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay, Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, key urban agglomerations in central and western regions of China and national new areas have played more prominent roles in new urbanization to strengthen the basic research on new urbanization and enhance the ability of geography to serve China's new urbanization.
引文
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[5]刘沁萍,杨永春,付冬暇,等.基于DMSP_OLS灯光数据的1992-2010年中国城市空间扩张研究.地理科学,2014,34(2):129-136.[Liu Qinping,Yang Yongchun,Fu Dongxia,et al.Urban spatial expansion based on DMSP_OLS nighttime light data in China in 1992-2010.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2014,34(2):129-136.]
[6]米晓楠,白林燕,谭雪航,等.基于DMSP/OLS数据的城市中心城区提取新方法.地球信息科学学报,2013,15(2):255-261,279.[Mi Xiaonan,Bai Linyan,Tan Xuehang,et al.A new method of extracing areas of center city regions based on DMSP/OLS data.Journal of Geo-Information Science,2013,15(2):255-261,279.]
[7]范俊甫,马廷,周成虎,等.1992-2010年基于DMSP-OLS图像的环渤海城市群空间格局变化分析.地球信息科学学报,2013,15(2):280-288.[Fan Junpu,Ma Ting,Zhou Chenghu,et al.Changes in spatial patterns of urban landscape in Bohai Rim from 1992 to 2010 using DMSP-OLS data.Journal of Geo-Information Science,2013,15(2):280-288.]
[8]杨洋,马学广,王晨.基于夜间灯光数据的中国土地城镇化水平时空动态.人文地理,2015,30(5):91-98.[Yang Yang,Ma Xueguang,Wang Chen.The spatial-temporal dynamics of the land urbanization level in China based on nighttime light data.Human Geography,2015,30(5):91-98.]
[9]杨洋,黄庆旭,章立玲.基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的土地城镇化水平时空测度研究:以环渤海地区为例.经济地理,2015,35(2):141-148,168.[Yang Yang,Huang Qingxu,Zhang Liling.The spatial-temporal measurement on the land urbanization level using DMSP/OLS nighttime light data:A case study of Bohai Rim.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):141-148,168.]
[10]Bennie J,Davies T W,Duffy J P,et al.Contrasting trends in light pollution across Europe based on satellite observed night time lights.Scientific Reports,2014,4:3789.
[11]Friedmann J.Four theses in the study of China's urbanization.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2006,30(2):440-451.
[12]陆大道.我国的城镇化进程与空间扩张.城市规划学刊,2007,(4):47-52.[Lu Dadao.Urbanization process and spatial sprawl in China.Urban Planning Forum,2007,(4):47-52.]
[13]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴.地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.[Liu Yansui.Research on the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization in the new era in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(4):637-650.]
[14]刘沛林.新型城镇化建设中“留住乡愁”的理论与实践探索.地理研究,2015,34(7):1205-1212.[Liu Peilin.The theory and practice exploration of"remembering nostalgia"in the construction of new urbanization.Geographical Research,2015,34(7):1205-1212.]
[15]刘卫东.“一带一路”战略的科学内涵与科学问题.地理科学进展,2015,34(5):538-544.[Liu Weidong.Scientific understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative of China andrelated research themes.Progress in Geography,2015,34(5):538-544.]
[16]刘慧,叶尔肯·吾扎提,王成龙.“一带一路”战略对中国国土开发空间格局的影响.地理科学进展,2015,34(5):545-553.[Liu Hui,Yeerken·Wuzhati,Wang Chenglong.Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on the spatial pattern of territory development in China.Progress in Geography,2015,34(5):545-553.]
[17]陈明星,隋昱文,陆大道,等.“一带一路”与新型城镇化的融合发展.科技导报,2018,36(3):82-90.[Chen Mingxing,Sui Yuwen,Lu Dadao,et al.On the fusion development of the Belt and Road Initiative and new-type urbanization.Science&Technology Review,2018,36(3):82-90.]
[18]陈明星,刘卫东,叶尔肯·吾扎提,等.“一带一路”对我国城镇化发展格局的影响.山地学报,2016,34(5):637-644.[Chen Mingxing,Liu Weidong,Yeerken·Wuzhati,et al.The impact of the Belt and Road Initiative on the pattern of the development of urbanization in China.Mountain Research,2016,34(5):637-644.]
[19]陈明星,郭莎莎,陆大道.新型城镇化背景下京津冀城市群流动人口特征与格局.地理科学进展,2018,37(3):363-372.[Chen Mingxing,Guo Shasha,Lu Dadao.Characteristics and spatial patterns of floating population in the BeijingTianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration under the background of new urbanization.Progress in Geography,2018,37(3):363-372.]
[20]樊杰,周侃,王亚飞.全国资源环境承载能力预警(2016版)的基点和技术方法进展.地理科学进展,2017,36(3):266-276.[Fan Jie,Zhou Kan,Wang Yafei.Basic points and progress in technical methods of early-warning of the national resource and environmental carrying capacity(V 2016).Progress in Geography,2017,36(3):266-276.]
[21]樊杰.我国空间治理体系现代化在“十九大”后的新态势.中国科学院院刊,2017,32(4):396-404.[Fan Jie.Perspective of China's spatial governance system after 19th CPC National Congress.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,32(4):396-404.]
[22]陆大道.关乎中国百年国运的重要决策.经济地理,2016,36(4):1-5.[Lu Dadao.Important decision relating to the fate of China in the upcoming century.Economic Geography,2016,36(4):1-5.]
[23]陆大道.京津冀城市群功能定位及协同发展.地理科学进展,2015,34(3):265-270.[Lu Dadao.Function orientation and coordinating development of subregions within the Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration.Progress in Geography,2015,34(3):265-270.]
[24]方创琳.京津冀城市群一体化发展的战略选择.改革,2017,(5):54-63.[Fang Chuanglin.Strategic choice of integrated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.Reform,2017,(5):54-63.]
[25]顾朝林,张敏,张成,等.长江三角洲城市群发展展望.地理科学,2007,27(1):1-8.[Gu Chaolin,Zhang Min,Zhang Cheng,et al.Prospects of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2007,27(1):1-8.]
[26]陈雯,闫东升,孙伟.长江三角洲新型城镇化发展问题与态势的判断.地理研究,2015,34(3):397-406.[Chen Wen,Yan Dongsheng,Sun wei.Analyzing the patterns and processes of new urbanization development in the Yangtze River Delta.Geographical Research,2015,34(3):397-406.]
[27]苗长虹,李学鑫.中部和中原地区该如何崛起?:“中原与中部崛起理论、战略和政策学术研讨会”观点综述.人文地理,2005,20(6):125-126.[Miao Changhong,Li Xuexin.How to fast realise economic rising in central China.Human Geography,2005,20(6):125-126.]
[28]彭建,魏海,李贵才,等.基于城市群的国家级新区区位选择.地理研究,2015,34(1):3-14.[Peng Jian,Wei Hai,Li Guicai,et al.Research on location accessibility of national new areas based on urban agglomerations.Geographical Research,2015,34(1):3-14.]
[29]薛德升,邹小华.基于中资商业银行全球空间扩展的世界城市网络及其影响因素.地理学报,2018,73(6):989-1001.[Xue Desheng,Zou Xiaohua.The world city network based on the global expansion of Chinese commercial banks and its influencing factors.Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(6):989-1001.]
[30]孙斌栋,华杰媛,李琬,等.中国城市群空间结构的演化与影响因素:基于人口分布的形态单中心-多中心视角.地理科学进展,2017,36(10):1294-1303.[Sun Bindong,Hua Jieyuan,Li Wan,et al.Spatial structure change and influencing factors of city clusters in China:From monocentric to polycentric based on population distribution.Progress in Geography,2017,36(10):1294-1303.]
[31]甄峰,席广亮,秦萧.基于地理视角的智慧城市规划与建设的理论思考.地理科学进展,2015,34(4):402-409.[Zhen Feng,Xi Guangliang,Qin Xiao.Smart city planning and construction based on geographic perspectives:Some theoretical thinking.Progress in Geography,2015,34(4):402-409.]
[2]Chen M X,Liu W D,Lu D D,et al.Progress of China's new-type urbanization construction since 2014:A preliminary assessment.Cities,2018,78:180-193.
[3]陈明星.城市化领域的研究进展和科学问题.地理研究,2015,34(4):614-630.[Chen Mingxing.Research progress and scientific issues in the field of urbanization.Geographical Research,2015,34(4):614-630.]
[4]吴健生,刘浩,彭建,等.中国城市体系等级结构及其空间格局:基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的实证.地理学报,2014,69(6):759-770.[Wu Jiansheng,Liu Hao,Peng Jian,et al.Hierarchical structure and spatial pattern of China's urban system:Evidence from DMSP/OLS nightlight data.Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(6):759-770.]
[5]刘沁萍,杨永春,付冬暇,等.基于DMSP_OLS灯光数据的1992-2010年中国城市空间扩张研究.地理科学,2014,34(2):129-136.[Liu Qinping,Yang Yongchun,Fu Dongxia,et al.Urban spatial expansion based on DMSP_OLS nighttime light data in China in 1992-2010.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2014,34(2):129-136.]
[6]米晓楠,白林燕,谭雪航,等.基于DMSP/OLS数据的城市中心城区提取新方法.地球信息科学学报,2013,15(2):255-261,279.[Mi Xiaonan,Bai Linyan,Tan Xuehang,et al.A new method of extracing areas of center city regions based on DMSP/OLS data.Journal of Geo-Information Science,2013,15(2):255-261,279.]
[7]范俊甫,马廷,周成虎,等.1992-2010年基于DMSP-OLS图像的环渤海城市群空间格局变化分析.地球信息科学学报,2013,15(2):280-288.[Fan Junpu,Ma Ting,Zhou Chenghu,et al.Changes in spatial patterns of urban landscape in Bohai Rim from 1992 to 2010 using DMSP-OLS data.Journal of Geo-Information Science,2013,15(2):280-288.]
[8]杨洋,马学广,王晨.基于夜间灯光数据的中国土地城镇化水平时空动态.人文地理,2015,30(5):91-98.[Yang Yang,Ma Xueguang,Wang Chen.The spatial-temporal dynamics of the land urbanization level in China based on nighttime light data.Human Geography,2015,30(5):91-98.]
[9]杨洋,黄庆旭,章立玲.基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的土地城镇化水平时空测度研究:以环渤海地区为例.经济地理,2015,35(2):141-148,168.[Yang Yang,Huang Qingxu,Zhang Liling.The spatial-temporal measurement on the land urbanization level using DMSP/OLS nighttime light data:A case study of Bohai Rim.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):141-148,168.]
[10]Bennie J,Davies T W,Duffy J P,et al.Contrasting trends in light pollution across Europe based on satellite observed night time lights.Scientific Reports,2014,4:3789.
[11]Friedmann J.Four theses in the study of China's urbanization.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2006,30(2):440-451.
[12]陆大道.我国的城镇化进程与空间扩张.城市规划学刊,2007,(4):47-52.[Lu Dadao.Urbanization process and spatial sprawl in China.Urban Planning Forum,2007,(4):47-52.]
[13]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴.地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.[Liu Yansui.Research on the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization in the new era in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(4):637-650.]
[14]刘沛林.新型城镇化建设中“留住乡愁”的理论与实践探索.地理研究,2015,34(7):1205-1212.[Liu Peilin.The theory and practice exploration of"remembering nostalgia"in the construction of new urbanization.Geographical Research,2015,34(7):1205-1212.]
[15]刘卫东.“一带一路”战略的科学内涵与科学问题.地理科学进展,2015,34(5):538-544.[Liu Weidong.Scientific understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative of China andrelated research themes.Progress in Geography,2015,34(5):538-544.]
[16]刘慧,叶尔肯·吾扎提,王成龙.“一带一路”战略对中国国土开发空间格局的影响.地理科学进展,2015,34(5):545-553.[Liu Hui,Yeerken·Wuzhati,Wang Chenglong.Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on the spatial pattern of territory development in China.Progress in Geography,2015,34(5):545-553.]
[17]陈明星,隋昱文,陆大道,等.“一带一路”与新型城镇化的融合发展.科技导报,2018,36(3):82-90.[Chen Mingxing,Sui Yuwen,Lu Dadao,et al.On the fusion development of the Belt and Road Initiative and new-type urbanization.Science&Technology Review,2018,36(3):82-90.]
[18]陈明星,刘卫东,叶尔肯·吾扎提,等.“一带一路”对我国城镇化发展格局的影响.山地学报,2016,34(5):637-644.[Chen Mingxing,Liu Weidong,Yeerken·Wuzhati,et al.The impact of the Belt and Road Initiative on the pattern of the development of urbanization in China.Mountain Research,2016,34(5):637-644.]
[19]陈明星,郭莎莎,陆大道.新型城镇化背景下京津冀城市群流动人口特征与格局.地理科学进展,2018,37(3):363-372.[Chen Mingxing,Guo Shasha,Lu Dadao.Characteristics and spatial patterns of floating population in the BeijingTianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration under the background of new urbanization.Progress in Geography,2018,37(3):363-372.]
[20]樊杰,周侃,王亚飞.全国资源环境承载能力预警(2016版)的基点和技术方法进展.地理科学进展,2017,36(3):266-276.[Fan Jie,Zhou Kan,Wang Yafei.Basic points and progress in technical methods of early-warning of the national resource and environmental carrying capacity(V 2016).Progress in Geography,2017,36(3):266-276.]
[21]樊杰.我国空间治理体系现代化在“十九大”后的新态势.中国科学院院刊,2017,32(4):396-404.[Fan Jie.Perspective of China's spatial governance system after 19th CPC National Congress.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,32(4):396-404.]
[22]陆大道.关乎中国百年国运的重要决策.经济地理,2016,36(4):1-5.[Lu Dadao.Important decision relating to the fate of China in the upcoming century.Economic Geography,2016,36(4):1-5.]
[23]陆大道.京津冀城市群功能定位及协同发展.地理科学进展,2015,34(3):265-270.[Lu Dadao.Function orientation and coordinating development of subregions within the Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration.Progress in Geography,2015,34(3):265-270.]
[24]方创琳.京津冀城市群一体化发展的战略选择.改革,2017,(5):54-63.[Fang Chuanglin.Strategic choice of integrated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.Reform,2017,(5):54-63.]
[25]顾朝林,张敏,张成,等.长江三角洲城市群发展展望.地理科学,2007,27(1):1-8.[Gu Chaolin,Zhang Min,Zhang Cheng,et al.Prospects of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2007,27(1):1-8.]
[26]陈雯,闫东升,孙伟.长江三角洲新型城镇化发展问题与态势的判断.地理研究,2015,34(3):397-406.[Chen Wen,Yan Dongsheng,Sun wei.Analyzing the patterns and processes of new urbanization development in the Yangtze River Delta.Geographical Research,2015,34(3):397-406.]
[27]苗长虹,李学鑫.中部和中原地区该如何崛起?:“中原与中部崛起理论、战略和政策学术研讨会”观点综述.人文地理,2005,20(6):125-126.[Miao Changhong,Li Xuexin.How to fast realise economic rising in central China.Human Geography,2005,20(6):125-126.]
[28]彭建,魏海,李贵才,等.基于城市群的国家级新区区位选择.地理研究,2015,34(1):3-14.[Peng Jian,Wei Hai,Li Guicai,et al.Research on location accessibility of national new areas based on urban agglomerations.Geographical Research,2015,34(1):3-14.]
[29]薛德升,邹小华.基于中资商业银行全球空间扩展的世界城市网络及其影响因素.地理学报,2018,73(6):989-1001.[Xue Desheng,Zou Xiaohua.The world city network based on the global expansion of Chinese commercial banks and its influencing factors.Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(6):989-1001.]
[30]孙斌栋,华杰媛,李琬,等.中国城市群空间结构的演化与影响因素:基于人口分布的形态单中心-多中心视角.地理科学进展,2017,36(10):1294-1303.[Sun Bindong,Hua Jieyuan,Li Wan,et al.Spatial structure change and influencing factors of city clusters in China:From monocentric to polycentric based on population distribution.Progress in Geography,2017,36(10):1294-1303.]
[31]甄峰,席广亮,秦萧.基于地理视角的智慧城市规划与建设的理论思考.地理科学进展,2015,34(4):402-409.[Zhen Feng,Xi Guangliang,Qin Xiao.Smart city planning and construction based on geographic perspectives:Some theoretical thinking.Progress in Geography,2015,34(4):402-409.]