护士同事间心理暴力的现状及其影响因素研究
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摘要
目的调查护士同事间心理暴力的现状及其影响因素,旨在为护理管理者制订相关防护措施提供参考。方法便利选取广东省6所医院的910名护士,采用中文版工作场所心理暴力行为量表进行问卷调查。采用Logistic回归分析护士遭受心理暴力的影响因素。结果调查对象在过去6个月内遭受心理暴力的得分为18(5,34)分,心理暴力发生率为28.1%;施暴者中女性占83.2%,高年资护士占43.0%,心理暴力的上报率为38.7%。回归分析结果显示,独生子女是护士遭受心理暴力的保护因素(OR=0.301,P<0.01),有编制(OR=1.479)、对心理暴力采取忍让回避、默默忍受态度(OR=2.008)以及采取先讲理后反击的态度(OR=1.781)是遭受心理暴力的危险因素。结论护士遭受中度水平的同事间心理暴力,护理管理者应根据其影响因素,采取有效地预防措施,降低同事间心理暴力的伤害。
Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of psychological violence against nurses from working partners and to provide bases for administrators to formulate intervention measures. Methods Convenience sampling was used and totally 910 nurses from 6 hospitals in Guangdong Province were investigated with the Chinese version of Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors instrument. The influencing factors of nurses' psychological violence were analyzed by logistic regression. Results The scores of workplace psychological violence of nurses within past 6 months were 18 (5,34). The prevalence was 28.1%. Among perpetrators,83.2% were female and 43.0% were senior nurses. The reported rate of psychological violence was 38.7%. Regression analysis showed that the only child was the protective factor of psychological violence (OR=0.301,P<0.05). Permanent nurses (OR_1=1.479),the attitude of tolerance and avoidance towards psychological violence (OR_2=2.008) and the attitude of reasoning and then dealing with psychological violence (OR_3=1.781) were independent risk factors of psychological violence.Conclusion Nurses' psychological violence scores are at a moderate level. Effective preventive measures should be carried out according to the influencing factors to reduce the injury of psychological violence against nurses from working partners.
Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of psychological violence against nurses from working partners and to provide bases for administrators to formulate intervention measures. Methods Convenience sampling was used and totally 910 nurses from 6 hospitals in Guangdong Province were investigated with the Chinese version of Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors instrument. The influencing factors of nurses' psychological violence were analyzed by logistic regression. Results The scores of workplace psychological violence of nurses within past 6 months were 18 (5,34). The prevalence was 28.1%. Among perpetrators,83.2% were female and 43.0% were senior nurses. The reported rate of psychological violence was 38.7%. Regression analysis showed that the only child was the protective factor of psychological violence (OR=0.301,P<0.05). Permanent nurses (OR_1=1.479),the attitude of tolerance and avoidance towards psychological violence (OR_2=2.008) and the attitude of reasoning and then dealing with psychological violence (OR_3=1.781) were independent risk factors of psychological violence.Conclusion Nurses' psychological violence scores are at a moderate level. Effective preventive measures should be carried out according to the influencing factors to reduce the injury of psychological violence against nurses from working partners.
引文
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[8]牟荟曈,刘欣,石磊,等.我国三级医院工作场所暴力现状及危险因素调查[J].医学与社会,2018,31(4):27-29,33.
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[10]许妹仔,陈瑜,陈蔚臣,等.中文版工作场所心理暴力行为量表的信效度检验[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(9):1627-1630,1648.
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[13]郭靖,张碧红,黄绿香,等.职场欺凌的中国文化背景分析:基于深度访谈的探索性研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(2):302-307.
[14]漆红梅,李桃桃.护士工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿的相关性研究[J].护理研究,2015,29(26):3274-3276.
[15]Keller R,Krainovich-Miller B,Budin W,et al.Predictors of nurses'experience of verbal abuse by nurse colleagues[J].Nurs Outlook,2018,66(2):190-203.
[16]李鹏程.女性之间的暴力:一种被忽视的性别暴力[J].北京社会科学,2016(1):13-20.
[17]Vogelpohl DA,Rice SK,Edwards ME,et al.New graduate nurses'perception of the workplace:have they experienced bullying[J].J Prof Nurs,2013,29(6):414-422.
[18]赵丽敏,潘红英,邵圣文.急诊护士遭受工作场所暴力的原因及其影响因素研究现状[J].中国护理管理,2013,13(10):96-98.
[19]Ben NM,Abramov L,Dhokarker A,et al.Factors affecting the compliance of Israeli women with screening for intimate partner violence[J].Int J Nurs Pract,2013,19(2):177-185.
[20]Gaffney DA,Demarco RF,Hofmeyer A,et al.Making things right:nurses'experiences with workplace bullying-agrounded theory[J].Nurs Res Pract,2012,4(1):243210.
[21]王畅,池桂波,莫素芳,等.2010年广州市大学生精神暴力发生情况及影响因素分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2014,48(10):872-877.
[22]赵晶,郑林科,肖琼,等.大学生成人依恋与人际交往效能感的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(1):112-115.
[23]孙燕平,孟永霞,韩维红,等.独生与非独生子女军人心理素质及性格特征的差异分析[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2015,33(6):664-665.
[24]李勇平.1365名大学生暴力遭遇及其影响因素的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.
[25]李双,吴庆,陈举亮,等.公立医院临床护士薪酬分配对人力资源管理的影响[J].中国医院管理,2015,35(2):73-75.
[26]付美云,马华维,乐国安.职场欺负行为研究中的文化差异性-基于国家文化视角的分析[J].西南大学学报(社会科学版),2014,40(2):110-117.
[27]Fontes KB,Santana RG,Pelloso SM,et al.Factors associated with bullying at nurses'workplaces[J].Rev Lat Am Enferm,2013,21(3):758-764.
[2]Ekici D,Beder A.The effects of workplace bullying on physicians and nurses[J].Aust J Adv Nurs,2014,31(4):24-33.
[3]郑博远.临床护士遭受工作场所欺负与大三人格特征及职业倦怠的相关性研究[D].汕头市:汕头大学,2015.
[4]王玲欢.低年资护士中水平暴力行为研究[J].医院管理论坛,2013,30(2):41-43.
[5]苟莉.护士群体横向暴力的研究现状[J].中国护理管理,2016,16(10):1434-1437.
[6]American Association of Critical Care Nurses.AACN standards for establishing and sustaining healthy work environments[EB/OL].[2018-04-02].https://www.aacn.org/w/media/aacn-website/nursing-excellence/standards/hwestandards.pdf.
[7]麦艳娟,卢琏莉,梁涧珍,等.澳门医护人员职场暴力相关因素研究[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(12):1493-1497.
[8]牟荟曈,刘欣,石磊,等.我国三级医院工作场所暴力现状及危险因素调查[J].医学与社会,2018,31(4):27-29,33.
[9]Dilek Y,Aytolan Y.Development and psychometric evaluation of workplace psychologically violent behaviours instrument[J].J Clin Nurs,2008,17(10):1361-1370.
[10]许妹仔,陈瑜,陈蔚臣,等.中文版工作场所心理暴力行为量表的信效度检验[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(9):1627-1630,1648.
[11]Johnson SL,Boutain DM,Tsai JH,et al.An exploration of managers'discourses of workplace bullying[J].Nurs Forum,2015,50(4):265-273.
[12]Moreno MP,Beltrán CA,Tsuno K,et al.Assessing psychological violence and harassment at work:reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Inventory of Violence and Psychological Harassment(IVAPT)comparing NAQ-R and LIPT[J].J Occup Health,2013,55(2):108-119.
[13]郭靖,张碧红,黄绿香,等.职场欺凌的中国文化背景分析:基于深度访谈的探索性研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(2):302-307.
[14]漆红梅,李桃桃.护士工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿的相关性研究[J].护理研究,2015,29(26):3274-3276.
[15]Keller R,Krainovich-Miller B,Budin W,et al.Predictors of nurses'experience of verbal abuse by nurse colleagues[J].Nurs Outlook,2018,66(2):190-203.
[16]李鹏程.女性之间的暴力:一种被忽视的性别暴力[J].北京社会科学,2016(1):13-20.
[17]Vogelpohl DA,Rice SK,Edwards ME,et al.New graduate nurses'perception of the workplace:have they experienced bullying[J].J Prof Nurs,2013,29(6):414-422.
[18]赵丽敏,潘红英,邵圣文.急诊护士遭受工作场所暴力的原因及其影响因素研究现状[J].中国护理管理,2013,13(10):96-98.
[19]Ben NM,Abramov L,Dhokarker A,et al.Factors affecting the compliance of Israeli women with screening for intimate partner violence[J].Int J Nurs Pract,2013,19(2):177-185.
[20]Gaffney DA,Demarco RF,Hofmeyer A,et al.Making things right:nurses'experiences with workplace bullying-agrounded theory[J].Nurs Res Pract,2012,4(1):243210.
[21]王畅,池桂波,莫素芳,等.2010年广州市大学生精神暴力发生情况及影响因素分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2014,48(10):872-877.
[22]赵晶,郑林科,肖琼,等.大学生成人依恋与人际交往效能感的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(1):112-115.
[23]孙燕平,孟永霞,韩维红,等.独生与非独生子女军人心理素质及性格特征的差异分析[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2015,33(6):664-665.
[24]李勇平.1365名大学生暴力遭遇及其影响因素的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.
[25]李双,吴庆,陈举亮,等.公立医院临床护士薪酬分配对人力资源管理的影响[J].中国医院管理,2015,35(2):73-75.
[26]付美云,马华维,乐国安.职场欺负行为研究中的文化差异性-基于国家文化视角的分析[J].西南大学学报(社会科学版),2014,40(2):110-117.
[27]Fontes KB,Santana RG,Pelloso SM,et al.Factors associated with bullying at nurses'workplaces[J].Rev Lat Am Enferm,2013,21(3):758-764.