医务人员焦虑抑郁现状与工作强度的相关性
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摘要
目的:探讨医务工作者焦虑、抑郁现状与工作强度的相关性,为开展医务人员心理健康教育提供理论依据。方法:以奉贤区各级医疗卫生机构为单位,分层随机抽取1539名医务工作者,应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和工作强度调查表收集相关信息。结果:奉贤区医务人员焦虑、抑郁检出率分别为21.38%、28.07%;焦虑评分与抑郁评分呈正相关(r=0.753,P<0.01);医务人员值夜班频率越高、最长连续工作时间越长,焦虑抑郁检出率越高;随着医务人员年休日、双休日和睡眠时间的减少,焦虑抑郁检出率逐渐增加;差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,综合医院(OR=1.51)、平均每天工作8小时以上(OR=1.55)、双休日至少一天工作(OR=2.34)、年休假小于3天(<3天:OR=1.59;无休:OR=2.06)、每天睡眠不足7小时(OR=3.55)是医务人员焦虑的危险因素;女性(OR=1.48)、专科(OR=1.67)和综合医院(OR=1.43)、值夜班频率5～8次(OR=1.77)、无年休(OR=1.50)、睡眠不足7小时(OR=3.14)是医务人员抑郁的危险因素。结论:医务人员焦虑抑郁情绪与工作强度相关,卫生行政部门应采取健康干预措施提高医务人员心理健康水平。
Objective:To explore the correlation between anxiety and depression status and work intensity in medical staffs,and provide theoretical basis for relevant departments to carry out psychological health education.Methods:A total of 1539 medical workers were randomly selected from the medical institutions in Fengxian District,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and the work intensity questionnaire was used to collect relevant information.Results:The detection rates of anxiety and depression in Fengxian medical staffs were 21.38% and 28.07% respectively;The anxiety score was positively correlated with depression score(r=0.753,P<0.01);With the increase of working hours,the frequency of night shifts,the reduction of rest time and sleep time,the detection rate of anxiety and depression gradually increased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that general hospitals(OR=1.51),average daily work more than 8 hours(OR=1.55),work at least one day in weekends(OR=2.34),and annual leave less than 3 days(less than 3 days:OR=1.59;no rest:OR=2.06),sleep less than 7 hours(OR=3.55)were risk factor for anxiety;Female(OR=1.48),work on specialist hospital(OR=1.67)and general hospital(OR=1.43),higher night shift frequency(OR=1.77),no annual leave(OR=1.50),and sleep less than 7 hours(OR=3.14)were risk factors for depression in medical staffs.Conclusion:The anxiety and depression among medical staffs is related to the work intensity,health administrative department should take health interventions to improve the mental health of medical staffs.
Objective:To explore the correlation between anxiety and depression status and work intensity in medical staffs,and provide theoretical basis for relevant departments to carry out psychological health education.Methods:A total of 1539 medical workers were randomly selected from the medical institutions in Fengxian District,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and the work intensity questionnaire was used to collect relevant information.Results:The detection rates of anxiety and depression in Fengxian medical staffs were 21.38% and 28.07% respectively;The anxiety score was positively correlated with depression score(r=0.753,P<0.01);With the increase of working hours,the frequency of night shifts,the reduction of rest time and sleep time,the detection rate of anxiety and depression gradually increased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that general hospitals(OR=1.51),average daily work more than 8 hours(OR=1.55),work at least one day in weekends(OR=2.34),and annual leave less than 3 days(less than 3 days:OR=1.59;no rest:OR=2.06),sleep less than 7 hours(OR=3.55)were risk factor for anxiety;Female(OR=1.48),work on specialist hospital(OR=1.67)and general hospital(OR=1.43),higher night shift frequency(OR=1.77),no annual leave(OR=1.50),and sleep less than 7 hours(OR=3.14)were risk factors for depression in medical staffs.Conclusion:The anxiety and depression among medical staffs is related to the work intensity,health administrative department should take health interventions to improve the mental health of medical staffs.
引文
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[25]Hirshkowitz M,Whiton K,Albert S M,et al.National sleep foundation's sleep time duration recommendations:methodology and results summary[J].Sleep Health,2015,1(1):40-43收稿日期
[2]WW Z.A self-rating depression scale[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,1965(12):63-70
[3]Alosaimi F D,Al-Sultan O,Alghamdi Q,et al.Association of help-seeking behavior with depression and anxiety disorders among gastroenterological patients in Saudi Arabia[J].Saudi JGastroenterol,2014,20(4):233-240
[4]Siegmann E M,Muller H,Luecke C,et al.Association of depression and anxiety disorders with autoimmune thyroiditis[J].JA-MA Psychiatry,2018,75(6):577-584
[5]Delgado-Angulo E K,Sabbah W,Suominen A L,et al.The association of depression and anxiety with dental caries and periodontal disease among Finnish adults[J].Community Dent Oral Epidemiol,2015,43(6):540-549
[6]Langvik E,Nordahl H M.Anhedonic depression,history of depression,and anxiety as gender-specific risk factors of myocardial infarction in healthy men and women:The HUNT study[J].Health Psychol Open,2014,1(1):281872678
[7]Rossler W.Stress,burnout,and job dissatisfaction in mental health workers[J].Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci,2012,262(2):65-69
[8]Tzeng D S,Chung W C,Fan P L,et al.Psychological morbidity,quality of life and their correlations among military health care workers in Taiwan[J].Ind Health,2009,47(6):626-634
[9]Pudrovska T,Karraker A.Gender,job authority,and depression[J].J Health Soc Behav,2014,55(4):424-441
[10]Neitzke A B.An illness of power:Gender and the social causes of depression[J].Cult Med Psychiatry,2016,40(1):59-73
[11]杨业兵,毕茜,韩晶晶.森田神经质性格与调节定向对医务人员焦虑、抑郁症状的影响[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(10):1478-1481
[12]Kivimaki M,Jokela M,Nyberg S T,et al.Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke:A systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for603,838individuals[J].Lancet,2015,386(10005):1739-1746
[13]Bannai A,Tamakoshi A.The association between long working hours and health:A systematic review of epidemiological evidence[J].Scand J Work Environ Health,2014,40(1):5-18
[14]Kim J Y,Chae C H,Kim Y O,et al.The relationship between quality of sleep and night shift rotation interval[J].Ann Occup Environ Med,2015,27:31
[15]Peplonska B,Bukowska A,Sobala W.Association of rotating night shift work with BMI and abdominal obesity among nurses and midwives[J].PLoS One,2015,10(7):e133761
[16]Benabu J C,Stoll F,Gonzalez M,et al.Night work,shift work:Breast cancer risk factor?[J].Gynecol Obstet Fertil,2015,43(12):791-799
[17]Ramin C,Devore E E,Wang W,et al.Night shift work at specific age ranges and chronic disease risk factors[J].Occup Environ Med,2015,72(2):100-107
[18]Pryce C.Impact of shift work on critical care nurses[J].Can JCrit Care Nurs,2016,27(4):17-21
[19]张曼华,肖远,张辉,等.情绪智力干预对改善医务人员工作心理状况的效果[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(9):1392-1396
[20]郑川燕,裴双义.团体心理治疗对冠心病患者焦虑抑郁及生活质量的影响[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013,21(1):157-158
[21]Leproult R,Van Cauter E.Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism[J].Endocr Dev,2010,17:11-21
[22]Spira A P,Chen-Edinboro L P,Wu M N,et al.Impact of sleep on the risk of cognitive decline and dementia[J].Curr Opin Psychiatry,2014,27(6):478-483
[23]Sofi F,Cesari F,Casini A,et al.Insomnia and risk of cardiovascular disease:A meta-analysis[J].Eur J Prev Cardiol,2014,21(1):57-64
[24]Lee M S,Shin J S,Lee J,et al.The association between mental health,chronic disease and sleep duration in Koreans:A crosssectional study[J].BMC Public Health,2015,15(1):1200-1209
[25]Hirshkowitz M,Whiton K,Albert S M,et al.National sleep foundation's sleep time duration recommendations:methodology and results summary[J].Sleep Health,2015,1(1):40-43收稿日期