驾驶经验对稳定跟车行为的影响
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摘要
为研究不同经验驾驶员稳定跟车状态下的驾驶特征,选取累计驾驶里程作为驾驶经验衡量标准。在特定的交通环境下,利用车载激光雷达设备,对比分析有无驾驶经验稳定跟车状态下的跟车距离和车头时距的特征,并建立相应的分布函数,揭示不同驾驶经验条件下稳定跟车行为的差异表现。研究结果表明:稳定跟车状态下,无经验驾驶员的跟车距离普遍比有经验驾驶员高,驾驶员的累计驾驶里程与跟车距离有显著的相关性,相关系数为负值,无经验和有经验驾驶员的跟车距离均服从对数正态分布;无经验驾驶员的车头时距也普遍比有经验驾驶员高,驾驶员的累计驾驶里程与车头时距有显著的相关性,相关系数亦为负值,无经验和有经验驾驶员的车头时距均服从正态分布。
To study the driving characteristics of drivers with different driving experiences in a stable follow-up,this paper chooses the cumulative driving distance as the driver's driving experience measurement standard,using the vehicle-mounted laser radar equipment in a specific traffic environment.The characteristics of follow-up distance and headway distance under the state of driving experience steadily are compared and analyzed and established.The corresponding distribution function reveals the difference in the behavior of stable follow-up behavior under different driving experience conditions.The research result shows that the inexperienced driver's follow-up distance is generally higher than that of the experienced driver in the stable follow-up state.The driver's cumulative driving mileage and follow-up distance have a significant correlation:the correlation coefficient is negative,and the follow-up distances between inexperienced and experienced drivers obey the lognormal distributions.Inexperienced drivers' headway is also generally higher than that of experienced drivers.There is a significant correlation between the driver's cumulative driving distance and headway:the correlation coefficient is also negative,the headways of inexperienced and experienced drivers both obey normal distributions.
To study the driving characteristics of drivers with different driving experiences in a stable follow-up,this paper chooses the cumulative driving distance as the driver's driving experience measurement standard,using the vehicle-mounted laser radar equipment in a specific traffic environment.The characteristics of follow-up distance and headway distance under the state of driving experience steadily are compared and analyzed and established.The corresponding distribution function reveals the difference in the behavior of stable follow-up behavior under different driving experience conditions.The research result shows that the inexperienced driver's follow-up distance is generally higher than that of the experienced driver in the stable follow-up state.The driver's cumulative driving mileage and follow-up distance have a significant correlation:the correlation coefficient is negative,and the follow-up distances between inexperienced and experienced drivers obey the lognormal distributions.Inexperienced drivers' headway is also generally higher than that of experienced drivers.There is a significant correlation between the driver's cumulative driving distance and headway:the correlation coefficient is also negative,the headways of inexperienced and experienced drivers both obey normal distributions.
引文
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[15]BRACKSTONE M,WATERSON B,MCDONALD M.Determinants of following headway in congested traffic.Transportation Research Part F:Traffic Psychology and Behaviour,2009(12):131-142.
[2] OSSEN S,HOOGENDOORM S P.Car-following behavior analysis from microscopic data[J].Transportation Research Record.Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2005(1934):13-21.
[3]王福建,戴美伟,孙凌涛,等.基于多类跟驰行为的车头时距混合分布模型[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2015,49(7):1288-1294.
[4] PIAO J,MCDONALD M.Low speed car following behavior from floating vehicle data//Proceedings of2003IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium,Boston,2003:462-467.
[5]张智勇,荣建,任福田,等.基于GPS的实时动态车辆跟驰数据采集方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2002(2):189-193.
[6]李广玉.基于模糊决策跟驰理论的计算机仿真[J].交通科技与经济,2011(1):111-114.
[7]王亚培,韩旺,陈艳艳,等.高速公路收费站微观交通仿真系统设计[J].交通科技与经济,2017,19(3):75-80.
[8]袁伟,付锐,马勇,等.基于高速实车驾驶数据的驾驶人跟车模型研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(6):679-685.
[9]菅美英,石京.老年驾驶员跟驰行为及影响因素研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2018,27(6):25-30.
[10]姜军,陆建.驾驶经验和气质类型对驾驶行为的影响分析[J].交通信息与安全,2015,33(3):59-64.
[11]RAKHA H A.Validation of van Aerde’s simplified steady-state car-following and traffic stream model.Transportation Letters:The International Journal of Transportation Research,2009,3(1):227-244.
[12]OZAKI H.Reaction and anticipation in the car-following behavior//Proceeding of 12th International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1993:349-366.
[13]SULTAN B.The Study of Motorway Operation Using a Microscopic Simulation Model[D].Southampton:University of Southampton,2000.
[14]张智勇.城市快速道路车辆跟驰模型研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2002.
[15]BRACKSTONE M,WATERSON B,MCDONALD M.Determinants of following headway in congested traffic.Transportation Research Part F:Traffic Psychology and Behaviour,2009(12):131-142.