粗柄羊肚菌菌丝体多糖及胞外多糖的提取工艺
|
摘要
为了研究粗柄羊肚菌菌丝体多糖及胞外多糖的最佳提取工艺条件,采用超声波提取菌丝体多糖、菌丝体发酵液浓缩提取胞外多糖的方法。通过单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验设计,探讨二者的最佳提取工艺条件。研究结果表明菌丝体多糖的最佳提取工艺条件:料液比1∶20(g∶m L),超声波处理温度70℃,超声时间20 min,超声提取次数2次;胞外多糖的最佳提取工艺条件:浓缩倍数1∶5,浓缩温度50℃,醇沉浓度95%,p H为6。该项工艺研究得到菌丝体粗多糖平均含量56.761 2 mg/g,胞外多糖平均含量1.275 4 mg/m L,多糖产量稳定,且此试验方法稳定可行。
The optimum extraction conditions of polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides from mycelia of Morchella crassipes were studied,including ultrasonic extraction of mycelium polysaccharide,the concentration of extracellular polysaccharide by mycelium fermentation broth. The single factor experiment and L9( 34) orthogonal experiment design were used to investigate the optimal extraction conditions. The optimum extraction conditions of mycelium polysaccharide were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was 1 ∶20,ultrasonic temperature was 70℃,ultrasonic time was 20 min,and the times of ultrasonic extraction was 2 times; the optimum extraction conditions of exopolysaccharide include: the concentrated ratio of 1 ∶5,the temperature of 50℃,the alcohol concentration of 95%,p H of 6. The average polysaccharide content of mycelium was 56. 761 2 mg/g,the average polysaccharide content was 1. 275 4 mg/m L and the yield of polysaccharide was stable,indicating that the method was reliable and feasible.
The optimum extraction conditions of polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides from mycelia of Morchella crassipes were studied,including ultrasonic extraction of mycelium polysaccharide,the concentration of extracellular polysaccharide by mycelium fermentation broth. The single factor experiment and L9( 34) orthogonal experiment design were used to investigate the optimal extraction conditions. The optimum extraction conditions of mycelium polysaccharide were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was 1 ∶20,ultrasonic temperature was 70℃,ultrasonic time was 20 min,and the times of ultrasonic extraction was 2 times; the optimum extraction conditions of exopolysaccharide include: the concentrated ratio of 1 ∶5,the temperature of 50℃,the alcohol concentration of 95%,p H of 6. The average polysaccharide content of mycelium was 56. 761 2 mg/g,the average polysaccharide content was 1. 275 4 mg/m L and the yield of polysaccharide was stable,indicating that the method was reliable and feasible.
引文
[1]刁治民,杨秀玲,韩彦艳.真菌工程学[M].杨凌:西北农林科技大学出版社,2011:87.
[2]杜习慧,赵琪,杨祝良.羊肚菌的多样性、演化历史及栽培研究进展[J].菌物学报,2014,33(2):183-197.
[3]Wang J,Zhang L,Yu Y,Cheung P C.Enhancement of antitumor activities in sulfated andarboxymethylated polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum[J].Agric Food Chem,2009,57:10565-10572.
[4]Lee H H,Lee J S,Cho J Y,Kim Y E,Hong E K.Study on immunostimul ating activety of macrophage treated with purified polysaccharides from liquid culture and fruiting body of Lentinus edodes[J].Microbiol Biotechnol,2009,19:566-572.
[5]Zaidman B Z,Yassin M,Mahajna J,Wasser S P.Medicinal mushroom modulators of moleculartargets as cancer therapeutics[J].Appl Microbiol Biot,2005,67:453-468.
[6]Masuda Y,Matsumoto A,Toida T,Oikawa T,Ito K,Nanba H.Characterization andantitumor effect of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa[J].Agric Food Chem,2009,57:10143-10149.
[7]Nitha B,Janardhanan K K.Aqueous-ethanolic extract of morel mushroom mycelium Morchella esculenta,protects cisplatin and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in mice[J].Food Chem oxicol,2008,46:3193-3199.
[8]Xu H,Sun L P,Shi Y Z,Wu Y H,Zhang B,Zhao D Q.Optimization of cultivation conditions for extracellular polysaccharide and mycelium biomass by Morchella esculenta As51620[J].Biochem Eng,2008,39:66-73.
[9]贾建会,吕晓莲,樊利青.深层发酵羊肚菌多糖的提取、分离及纯化研究[J].食品科学,2002,23(4):59-63.
[10]兰瑛.尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物抗氧化和延缓衰老的作用研究[D].广州:华南师范大学,2010.
[11]何培新,刘伟.粗柄羊肚菌分子鉴定及羊肚菌属真菌系统发育分析[J].江苏农业学报,2010(2):395-399.
[12]刘伟,蔡英丽,何培新,张亚,边银丙.梯棱羊肚菌无性孢子形态及显微结构观察[J].菌物研究,2016,14(3):157-161.
[13]郭天力,严晓娟,胡先望,梁宁,陈朋.真菌多糖研究进展[J].现代生物医学进展,2013,13(18):3578-3583.
[14]唐劲松,张焕新,张璟晶,殷尔康,陈玉勇.超声波辅助法提取羊肚菌菌丝体多糖的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11813-11814,11844.
[15]李蔚,王忠民,龚平,赵有玺,毛英丽.超声波提取羊肚菌菌丝体多糖的研究[J].农产品加工·学刊,2008(3):25-28.
[2]杜习慧,赵琪,杨祝良.羊肚菌的多样性、演化历史及栽培研究进展[J].菌物学报,2014,33(2):183-197.
[3]Wang J,Zhang L,Yu Y,Cheung P C.Enhancement of antitumor activities in sulfated andarboxymethylated polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum[J].Agric Food Chem,2009,57:10565-10572.
[4]Lee H H,Lee J S,Cho J Y,Kim Y E,Hong E K.Study on immunostimul ating activety of macrophage treated with purified polysaccharides from liquid culture and fruiting body of Lentinus edodes[J].Microbiol Biotechnol,2009,19:566-572.
[5]Zaidman B Z,Yassin M,Mahajna J,Wasser S P.Medicinal mushroom modulators of moleculartargets as cancer therapeutics[J].Appl Microbiol Biot,2005,67:453-468.
[6]Masuda Y,Matsumoto A,Toida T,Oikawa T,Ito K,Nanba H.Characterization andantitumor effect of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa[J].Agric Food Chem,2009,57:10143-10149.
[7]Nitha B,Janardhanan K K.Aqueous-ethanolic extract of morel mushroom mycelium Morchella esculenta,protects cisplatin and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in mice[J].Food Chem oxicol,2008,46:3193-3199.
[8]Xu H,Sun L P,Shi Y Z,Wu Y H,Zhang B,Zhao D Q.Optimization of cultivation conditions for extracellular polysaccharide and mycelium biomass by Morchella esculenta As51620[J].Biochem Eng,2008,39:66-73.
[9]贾建会,吕晓莲,樊利青.深层发酵羊肚菌多糖的提取、分离及纯化研究[J].食品科学,2002,23(4):59-63.
[10]兰瑛.尖顶羊肚菌胞外多糖提取物抗氧化和延缓衰老的作用研究[D].广州:华南师范大学,2010.
[11]何培新,刘伟.粗柄羊肚菌分子鉴定及羊肚菌属真菌系统发育分析[J].江苏农业学报,2010(2):395-399.
[12]刘伟,蔡英丽,何培新,张亚,边银丙.梯棱羊肚菌无性孢子形态及显微结构观察[J].菌物研究,2016,14(3):157-161.
[13]郭天力,严晓娟,胡先望,梁宁,陈朋.真菌多糖研究进展[J].现代生物医学进展,2013,13(18):3578-3583.
[14]唐劲松,张焕新,张璟晶,殷尔康,陈玉勇.超声波辅助法提取羊肚菌菌丝体多糖的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11813-11814,11844.
[15]李蔚,王忠民,龚平,赵有玺,毛英丽.超声波提取羊肚菌菌丝体多糖的研究[J].农产品加工·学刊,2008(3):25-28.