微生物菌剂对黑臭水体水质改善及生物多样性修复效果研究
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摘要
试验分梯度模拟了一种复合微生物菌剂不同投加浓度对黑臭河道物化指标的影响,采用高通量测序技术,着重分析底泥中微生物在菌剂影响下的变化情况。试验结果表明:微生物菌剂的投加浓度为0.5~1 mg/L时对黑臭水体和底泥的处理效果较好,此时上覆水中COD去除率可达87.37%,TN和NH_4~+-N去除率分别达到90.7%和95.24%,水体透明度显著提高,底泥厚度从平均3.7 cm下降到平均2.3 cm,最优投加浓度组底泥中微生物种类主要以乳酸菌、丝状菌为主,生态系统进入良性循环,生物多样性得到初步恢复。
The effects of different dosages of a compound microbial agent on the physical and chemical indexes of black and odorous water were simulated by gradient method. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology,the changes of microbes in sediment after adding bacteria were analyzed. The results showed that the treatment effect of black and odour water and sediment was better when the range of this microbial agent dosing concentration was 0. 5 ~ 1 mg/L,the removal rate of COD in overlying water could reach to 87. 37%,the removal rate of TN and NH_4~+-N could reach to 90. 7% and 95. 24%,respectively. The transparency of water body increased significantly,the thickness of sediment decreased from 3. 7 cm to 2. 3 cm. The main microorganisms in the sediment were LAB,Filaments in optimal concentration group,the ecological sytem kept a virtuous circle and its biodiversity was initially restored.
The effects of different dosages of a compound microbial agent on the physical and chemical indexes of black and odorous water were simulated by gradient method. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology,the changes of microbes in sediment after adding bacteria were analyzed. The results showed that the treatment effect of black and odour water and sediment was better when the range of this microbial agent dosing concentration was 0. 5 ~ 1 mg/L,the removal rate of COD in overlying water could reach to 87. 37%,the removal rate of TN and NH_4~+-N could reach to 90. 7% and 95. 24%,respectively. The transparency of water body increased significantly,the thickness of sediment decreased from 3. 7 cm to 2. 3 cm. The main microorganisms in the sediment were LAB,Filaments in optimal concentration group,the ecological sytem kept a virtuous circle and its biodiversity was initially restored.
引文
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[23]林琳.生物法去除含甲硫醇恶臭气体的机理[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,2000(4):7-8,6.
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[25]陈成章,宋宏,钟赛贤,等.大气中甲硫醇卫生标准的研究[J].环境与健康杂志,1993(4):155-157.
[26]Tsai C T,Chen S R,Hsieh C H.The micro ecosystem restoration mechanism applied for feasible research of lakes eutrophication enhancement[J].Proceedings of World Academy of Science Engineering&Technolog,2011(45):186-190.
[2]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.城市黑臭水体整治工作指南[Z].2015-8-28.
[3]程庆霖,何岩,黄民生,等.城市黑臭河道治理方法的研究进展[J].上海化工,2011,36(2):25-31.
[4]钱嫦萍,王东启,陈振楼,等.生物修复技术在黑臭河道治理中的应用[J].水处理技术,2009,35(4):13-17.
[5]赵志萍,呼世斌,房发俐,等.EM的定向富集及处理黑臭河水的研究[J].西北农业学报,2007(2):210-213.
[6]吴光前,刘倩灵,周培国,等.固定化微生物技术净化黑臭水体和底泥技术[J].水处理技术,2008(6):26-29.
[7]张桂英,汪祖强.苏南太湖地区农田水中COD的调查研究[J].农村生态环境,1994(2):41-44.
[8]庞金钊,杨宗政,曹式芳.微生物制剂在城市湖泊水体生物修复中的作用[J].环境污染与防治,2003(5):301-302,305.
[9]李政一,周定,侯文华,等.复合菌种发酵酒糟菌体生长量和COD去除率的研究[J].化工环保,2000(4):10-13.
[10]周莹.水生生物对水体溶解氧日变化规律影响[D].沈阳:沈阳师范大学,2016.
[11]臧淑梅.水中溶解氧的变化规律及其影响[J].黑龙江水产,2012(1):39-40.
[12]王海英,滕杰,张骥,等.海河冬季溶解氧升高原因分析[J].城市环境与城市生态,2005(3):27-28.
[13]朱红伟,张坤,钟宝昌,王道增.泥沙颗粒和孔隙水在底泥再悬浮污染物释放中的作用[J].水动力学研究与进展:A辑,2011,26(5):631-641.
[14]Corbett D R.Resuspension and estuarine nutrient cycling:insights from the Neuse River Estuary[J].Bio-geosciences Discuss,2010,7(10):2767-2798.
[15]Kalnejais L H,Martin W R,Signall R P.The release of dissolved nutrients and metals from coastal sediments due to resuspension[J].Marine Chemistry,2010,121(1/2/3/4):224-235.
[16]Li Bin,Zhang Kun,Zhong Bao-chang,et al.An experimental study on release of pollutants from sediment under hydrodynamic conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2008,23(2):126-133.
[17]Yu Shen,Li Hongbo.Perspectives on the release of heavy metals via sediment resuspension[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(7):1724-1731.
[18]Li Jianchao,Chu Junda,Feng Huali.Experimental investigation of impact way of scouring and suspending of river bottom sediment on water quality[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2002,11(2):137-140.
[19]张红,陈敬安,曾艳,等.硝酸钙抑制底泥磷释放的模拟研究[J].地球与环境,2015,43(5):565-571.
[20]任玉辉,王科,李相昆,等.常温低基质下碱度和溶解氧对厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].环境科学,2014(11):4218-4223.
[21]Sheik C S,Mitchell T W,Rizvi F Z,et al.Exposure of soil microbial communities to chromium and arsenic alters their diversity and structure[J].Plos One,2012,7(6):e40059.
[22]樊云燕,刘宝生,张锦华.乳酸菌的生物学功能和临床应用研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(17):55-57.
[23]林琳.生物法去除含甲硫醇恶臭气体的机理[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,2000(4):7-8,6.
[24]夏元洵.化学物质毒性全书[M].上海:上海科技文献出版社,1990.
[25]陈成章,宋宏,钟赛贤,等.大气中甲硫醇卫生标准的研究[J].环境与健康杂志,1993(4):155-157.
[26]Tsai C T,Chen S R,Hsieh C H.The micro ecosystem restoration mechanism applied for feasible research of lakes eutrophication enhancement[J].Proceedings of World Academy of Science Engineering&Technolog,2011(45):186-190.