电解质水溶液中钴、镍分离、提纯研究进展
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摘要
高浓度、高纯度钴盐电解质水溶液是电解或电解精炼生产高纯乃至超高纯金属钴的关键.钴、镍离子深度地分离是制备该种电解质水溶液的核心任务.研究发现目前主要的分离、提纯方法包括:离子交换法、萃取色层法、膜分离法和溶剂萃取法等.研究对象主要集中在含高镍、低钴的硫酸盐水溶液体系.离子交换法、萃取色层法是实现两者深度分离的有效手段,溶剂萃取法则更易实现规模化.研究主要针对有机萃取剂和吸附材料的研发、改性、组合和分离提取工艺的改进等展开.文中对含钴、镍电解质水溶液中钴、镍分离研究进展进行总结评述,并对其发展进行展望.
The cobalt salt aqueous electrolyte with a high concentration and purity of cobalt is the key to the preparation of high-purity or ultra-high-purity metallic cobalt by electrolysis or electrolytic refining. To get such aqueous electrolyte, the core is to separate cobalt and nickel ions as much as possible. The main separation methods include ion exchange, extraction chromatography, membrane separation and solvent extraction, etc. At present, the researches mainly concentrate on sulfate aqueous electrolyte system containing a high concentration of nickel ion and a low concentration of cobalt ion. Ion exchange and extraction chromatography are effective means to realize the effective separation of the two ions, and it is easier for solvent extraction to achieve scale application. The research is mainly aimed at the development, modification,combination of the organic extractant and adsorbent materials, and corresponding improvement of their separation process. In this paper, the research on the separation of cobalt and nickel ions in the aqueous electrolyte is reviewed. And the prospect of this process is also discussed.
The cobalt salt aqueous electrolyte with a high concentration and purity of cobalt is the key to the preparation of high-purity or ultra-high-purity metallic cobalt by electrolysis or electrolytic refining. To get such aqueous electrolyte, the core is to separate cobalt and nickel ions as much as possible. The main separation methods include ion exchange, extraction chromatography, membrane separation and solvent extraction, etc. At present, the researches mainly concentrate on sulfate aqueous electrolyte system containing a high concentration of nickel ion and a low concentration of cobalt ion. Ion exchange and extraction chromatography are effective means to realize the effective separation of the two ions, and it is easier for solvent extraction to achieve scale application. The research is mainly aimed at the development, modification,combination of the organic extractant and adsorbent materials, and corresponding improvement of their separation process. In this paper, the research on the separation of cobalt and nickel ions in the aqueous electrolyte is reviewed. And the prospect of this process is also discussed.
引文
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[4]孟庆江.从国内外钴镍工业现状与发展趋势看我省钴镍工业的发展战略[J].有色金属科学与工程,2000,14(1):38-40.
[5]李冰洁,廖亚龙,胡亮,等.溶液中钴与镍的深度分离研究进展[J].化学工程,2015,43(8):33-37.
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[15]周锦帆,郁林美.用LZ85型螯合树脂选择性分离钴盐中镍和铜的研究[J].理化检验:化学分册,1989(1):2-5.
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[18]DEEPATANA A,TANG J A,VALIX M.Comparative study of chelating ion exchange resins for metal recovery from bioleaching of nickel laterite ores[J].Minerals Engineering,2006,19(12):1280-1289.
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[20]游建南.萃淋树脂分离技术的发展及其在湿法冶金分析中的应用[J].湿法冶金,2000,19(1):57-63.
[21]BRAUM T,HUSZAR E,BAKOS L.Reversed-phase foam chro鄄matography:Separation of trace amounts of cobalt from nickel in the tri-n-octvlamine-hydrochloric acid system[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2015,64(1):77-84.
[22]汪菊香,周桂英,温建康,等.双萃取剂浸渍树脂色层分离硫酸体系中镍钴的研究[J].稀有金属,2017,41(3):304-310.
[23]陈松,王培,张力,等.萃取色层法净化钴溶液制备高纯钴的研究[J].稀有金属,2010,34(4):595-600.
[24]刘扬中,陈真龙,周移,等.配位萃取色谱法分离Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)的研究[J].中国科学技术大学学报,1997,27(2):186-188.
[25]周移,陈虹锦,朱丹云.P507萃取色谱对硫酸盐体系的钴、镍分离研究[J].离子交换与吸附,1992,8(2):147-152.
[26]周春山,蒋新宇,王艳,等.钴的阴离子交换-CL-P204萃取色谱分离提取研究[J].矿冶,1999,8(3):97-100.
[27]GEGA J,WALKOWAIK W,GAJDA B.Separation of Co(II)and Ni(II)ions by supported and hybrid liquid membranes[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2001,22(1/2/3):551-558.
[28]PARHI P,SARANGI K.Separation of copper,zinc,cobalt and nickel ions by supported liquid membrane technique using LIX84I,TOPS-99 and Cyanex 272[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2008,59(2):169-174.
[29]李英,张利华,郭胜惠,等.P507微乳液膜萃取分离钴镍研究[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(6):40-44.
[30]刘汉星,余萍,时雷,等.微乳液萃取分离镍和钴的研究[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2014,33(1):36-40.
[31]KUMBASAR R A,TUTKUN O.Separation of cobalt and nickel from acidic leach solutions by emulsion liquid membranes using Alamine 300(TOA)as a mobile carrier[J].Desalination,2008,224(1/2/3):201-208.
[32]KUMBASAR R A.Cobalt-nickel separation from acidic thiocyanate leach solutions by emulsion liquid membranes(ELMs)using TOPOas carrier[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2009,68(2):208-215.
[33]李晓晖,黄松涛,温建康,等.钴和镍协同萃取分离研究进展[J].中国有色金属学报,2013(7):2026-2032.
[34]邓佐国,徐延华.离子型稀土萃取分离工艺技术现状及发展方向[J].有色金属科学与工程,2012,3(4):20-23.
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[36]陈耀宗,吴炳乾.氯盐体系P507萃取分离钴镍的研究[J].江西冶金,1996(3):24-28.
[37]PARHI P K,PADHAN E,PALAI A K,et al.Separation of Co(II)and Ni(II)from the mixed sulphate/chloride solution using NaPC-88A[J].Desalination,2011,267(2/3):201-208.
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