NaCl胁迫对不同耐盐性玉米自交系萌动种子和幼苗离子稳态的影响
|
摘要
盐胁迫影响植物组织的离子分布,不同品种间存在差异。以玉米耐盐自交系81162和8723及盐敏感自交系P138为材料,研究了不同浓度(0、60、140、220 mmol/L)Na Cl胁迫下萌动期种子和幼苗的不同部位中Na+、K+、Ca2+含量以及K+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+比值的变化,旨在探讨不同自交系耐盐性差异的原因。结果表明,在萌动种子中,3个玉米自交系中的Na+积累量表现为种皮>胚>胚乳,K+累积表现为胚>种皮>胚乳;幼苗中,Na+积累表现为根>茎>叶。随着Na Cl浓度的增加,3个玉米自交系萌动种子和幼苗中的Na+含量逐渐升高,但是萌动种子中耐盐自交系81162和8723的Na+增加幅度小于盐敏感自交系P138,Na+含量小于盐敏感自交系P138;幼苗中耐盐自交系81162和8723的Na+增加幅度大于盐敏感自交系P138,幼苗根中Na+含量大于盐敏感自交系P138;茎叶中的Na+含量小于盐敏感自交系P138。随着Na Cl浓度的增加,萌动种子和幼苗中的K+和Ca2+含量逐渐降低。K+离子在耐盐自交系81162和8723萌动种子和幼苗中的降低幅度小于盐敏感自交系P138;Ca2+离子在耐盐自交系81162和8723幼苗中的降低幅度小于盐敏感自交系P138;而在萌动种子中3个自交系Ca2+的流失差异不大。耐盐自交系81162和8723萌动种子和幼苗中K+含量都大于盐敏感自交系P138。耐盐自交系81162和8723的萌动种子和幼苗根中Ca2+含量都大于盐敏感自交系P138;幼苗叶片中则小于盐敏感自交系P138。萌动种子和幼苗中K+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+均随着Na Cl浓度的升高而降低,K+/Na+比值表现为耐盐自交系81162和8723大于盐敏感自交系P138。耐盐自交系81162和8723通过调节离子平衡维持萌动种子和幼苗中较高的K+/Na+比值从而提高耐盐性。
Salt stress affects ion distribution in plant tissues. These salt-induced changes in ion distribution differ among plant varieties. In this study,we analyzed salt-tolerant inbred lines( 8723 and 81162) and a salt-sensitive inbred line( P138) of maize under varying degrees of salt stress( 0,60,140,220 mmol /L Na Cl) to explore the reasons for differences in salt resistance among the inbred lines. We measured the concentrations of Na+,K+,and Ca2+in the testa,embryo,endosperm,root,stem,and leaf tissues,and determined the ratios of K+/ Na+and Ca2+/ Na+in germinating seeds and seedlings. In germinating seeds,the Na+concentration was highest in the testa,followed by the embryo,and then the endosperm; the K+concentration was highest in the embryo,followed by the testa,and then the endosperm. In seedlings,the highest level of Na+was in the root,followed by the stem,and then the leaves; the highest levels of K+were in the root and stem,followed by the leaves. With increasing Na Cl concentrations in the salt treatment,the Na+content increased gradually in germinating seeds and seedlings of the three maize lines. In germinating seeds,the range of the increase in Na+content was smaller in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138,and the salt-tolerant lines accumulated less Na+than did the salt-sensitive line. In seedlings,the range of the increase in Na+content was larger in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138,and the salt-tolerant lines accumulated higher levels of Na+in the roots and lower levels of Na+in the stem and leaves. As the Na Cl concentration in the salt treatment increased,the K+and Ca2+contents decreased gradually in germinating seeds and seedlings of the three maize lines. In germinating seeds and in seedlings,the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 showed smaller ranges of decreased K+contents and contained higher concentrations of K+compared with the salt-sensitive line P138. In seedlings,the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 showed smaller ranges of decreased Ca2+contents compared with the salt-sensitive line P138. However,in germinating seeds,there was no significant difference in the range of decreased Ca2+content among the three maize lines. With increasing Na Cl concentrations in the salt treatment,the ratios of K+/ Na+and Ca2+/ Na+decreased in germinating seeds and seedlings. The K+/ Na+ratio was higher in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138.Germinating seeds and seedlings of the salt-tolerant lines 81162 and 8723 retained higher K+/ Na+ratios by adjusting ion homeostasis to improve salt resistance.
Salt stress affects ion distribution in plant tissues. These salt-induced changes in ion distribution differ among plant varieties. In this study,we analyzed salt-tolerant inbred lines( 8723 and 81162) and a salt-sensitive inbred line( P138) of maize under varying degrees of salt stress( 0,60,140,220 mmol /L Na Cl) to explore the reasons for differences in salt resistance among the inbred lines. We measured the concentrations of Na+,K+,and Ca2+in the testa,embryo,endosperm,root,stem,and leaf tissues,and determined the ratios of K+/ Na+and Ca2+/ Na+in germinating seeds and seedlings. In germinating seeds,the Na+concentration was highest in the testa,followed by the embryo,and then the endosperm; the K+concentration was highest in the embryo,followed by the testa,and then the endosperm. In seedlings,the highest level of Na+was in the root,followed by the stem,and then the leaves; the highest levels of K+were in the root and stem,followed by the leaves. With increasing Na Cl concentrations in the salt treatment,the Na+content increased gradually in germinating seeds and seedlings of the three maize lines. In germinating seeds,the range of the increase in Na+content was smaller in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138,and the salt-tolerant lines accumulated less Na+than did the salt-sensitive line. In seedlings,the range of the increase in Na+content was larger in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138,and the salt-tolerant lines accumulated higher levels of Na+in the roots and lower levels of Na+in the stem and leaves. As the Na Cl concentration in the salt treatment increased,the K+and Ca2+contents decreased gradually in germinating seeds and seedlings of the three maize lines. In germinating seeds and in seedlings,the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 showed smaller ranges of decreased K+contents and contained higher concentrations of K+compared with the salt-sensitive line P138. In seedlings,the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 showed smaller ranges of decreased Ca2+contents compared with the salt-sensitive line P138. However,in germinating seeds,there was no significant difference in the range of decreased Ca2+content among the three maize lines. With increasing Na Cl concentrations in the salt treatment,the ratios of K+/ Na+and Ca2+/ Na+decreased in germinating seeds and seedlings. The K+/ Na+ratio was higher in the salt-tolerant lines 8723 and 81162 than in the salt-sensitive line P138.Germinating seeds and seedlings of the salt-tolerant lines 81162 and 8723 retained higher K+/ Na+ratios by adjusting ion homeostasis to improve salt resistance.
引文
[1]Zhang Y F,Yin B.Advances in study of salt-stress tolerance in maize.Journal of Maize Sciences,2008,16(6):83-85.
[2]Tang H,Liu X L,Luo Q Y.A primary study on early stage screening system for maize salt tolerance.Natural Science Journal of Hainan University,2007,25(2):169-172,176-176.
[3]Niu X,Bressan R A,Hasegawa P M,Pardo J M.Ion homeostasis in NaCl stress environments.Plant Physiology,1995,109(3):735-742.
[4]Ramoliya P J,Patel H M,Pandey A N.Effect of salinization of soil on growth and macro-and micro-nutrient accumulation in seedlings of Salvadora persica(Savadoraceae).Forest Ecology and Management,2004,202(1-3):181-193.
[5]Schroeder J I,Ward J M,Gassmann W.Perspectives on the physiology and structure of inward rectifying K+channels in higher plants:biophysical implications for K+uptake.Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure,1994,23(1):441-471.
[6]Drew M C,Lauchli A.Oxygen-dependent exclusion of sodium ions from shoots by roots of Zea mays(cv Pioneer 3906)in relation to salinity damage.Plant Physiology,1985,79(1):171-176.
[7]Ma H Y,Liang Z W,Kong X J,Yan C,Chen Y.Effects of salinity,temperature and their interaction on the germination percentage and seedling growth of Leymus chinensis(Trin.)Tzvel.(Poaceae).Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(10):4710-4717.
[8]Khan M A,Guhar S.Germination responses of Sporobolusioclados:a saline desert grass.Journal of Arid Environments,2003,53(3):387-394.
[9]Flowers T J,Hajibagheri M A,Yeo A R.Ion accumulation in the cell walls of rice plants growing under saline conditions:evidence for the Oertli hypothesis.Plant Cell Environments,1991,14(3):319-325.
[10]Bagci S A,Ekiz H,Yilmaz A.Salt tolerance of sixteen wheat genotypes during seedling growth.Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2007,31:363-372.
[11]Wang L Y,Zhao K F.Some physiological response of zea mays under salt-stress.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2005,31(2):264-266.
[12]An P,Inanaga S,Cohen Y,Kafkafi U,Sugimoto Y.Salt tolerance in two soybean cultivars.Journal of Plant Nutrition,2002,25(3):407-423.
[13]Song J,Feng G,Tian C Y,Zhang F S.Strategies for adaptation of Suaeda physophora,Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum to a saline environment during seed-germination stage.Annals of Botany,2005,96(3):399-405.
[14]Shang X F,Dong S T,Zheng S Y,Wang L Y.Relationship between changes of Na+,K+,and Ca2+contents during seed germination and salt tolerance in maize.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(2):333-336.
[15]Peng Y L,Li W L,Wang K Z,Wang H N.Effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedlings growth of salt-tolerant line and salt-sensitive line of maize.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(4):62-71.
[16]Jing Y X,Yuan Q H.Effects of salt stress on seedling growth of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and ion distribution in different alfalfa organs.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2011,20(2):134-139.
[17]Parida A K,Das A B,Mittra B.Effects of salt on growth,ion accumulation,photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of the mangrove,Bruguiera parviflora.Trees-Structure and Function,2004,18(2):167-174.
[18]Syed M A.Nutrient uptake by plants under stress conditions.In:Pessarakli M.Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress.2nd ed.New York:Marcel Dekker,Inc.,1999:295-296.
[19]Liu Z W,Zhong X X,Chang P P,Liu W G.Cationic distribution and transportation in different organs of Pennisetum purpureum cv.Sumu No.2 seedling under sea-salt stress.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(5):237-247.
[20]Zhong X X,Zhang J L,Zhang G Z,Liu Z W.Growth of somatic cell mutants of napier grass and distribution of K+and Na+at seedling stage under Sea-salt stress.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(1):48-52.
[21]Wang L Y,Zhao K F.Effect of NaCl stress on ion compartmentation,photosynthesis and growth of Salicornia bigelovii Torr.Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2004,30(1):94-98.
[22]Zhu J K.Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2003,6(5):441-445.
[23]Mac Robbie E A C.Signalling in guard cells and regulation of ion channel activity.Journal of Experimental Botany,1997,48:515-528.
[24]Carpici E B,Celik N,Bayram G,Asik B B.The effect of salt stress on the growth,biochemical parameter and minral element content of some maize(Zea mays L.)cultivars.African Journal Biotechnology,2010,9(41):6937-6942.
[25]Netondo G W,Onyango J C,Beck E.Sorghum and salinity:Ⅰ.Response of growth,water relations and ion accumulation to NaCl salinity.Crop Science,2004,44(3):797-805.
[26]Li P F,Yang Z C.Dynamic effect of NaCl on absorption and transportation of K+and Na+in Festuca arundinacea.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(4):58-64.
[27]Zhu X M,Hong L Z,Wang M W,Ding H R,Liu C,Wu J W.Absorption and transportation of ions in crops under NaCl stress.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2010,(4):1-4.
[1]张永峰,殷波.玉米耐盐性研究进展.玉米科学,2008,16(6):83-85.
[2]汤华,柳晓磊,罗秋芸.玉米耐盐早期筛选体系的初步研究.海南大学学报:自然科学版,2007,25(2):169-172,176-176.
[7]马红媛,梁正伟,孔祥军,闫超,陈渊.盐分、温度及其互作对羊草种子发芽率和幼苗生长的影响.生态学报,2008,28(10):4710-4717.
[11]王丽燕,赵可夫.玉米幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应.作物学报,2005,31(2):264-266.
[14]商学芳,董树亭,郑世英,王丽燕.玉米种子萌发过程中Na+、K+和Ca2+含量变化与耐盐性的关系.作物学报,2008,34(2):333-336.
[15]彭云玲,李伟丽,王坤泽,王汉宁.NaCl胁迫对玉米耐盐系与盐敏感系萌发和幼苗生长的影响.草业学报,2012,21(4):62-71.
[16]景艳霞,袁庆华.NaCl胁迫对苜蓿幼苗生长及不同器官中盐离子分布的影响.草业学报,2011,20(2):134-139.
[19]刘智微,钟小仙,常盼盼,刘伟国.海盐胁迫下苏牧2号象草幼苗不同器官中阳离子分配与运输.草业学报,2012,21(5):237-247.
[20]钟小仙,张建丽,张国正,刘智微.海盐胁迫下象草体细胞突变体苗期生长及Na+、K+分配.中国草地学报,2010,32(1):48-52.
[21]王丽燕,赵可夫.NaCl胁迫对海蓬子(Salicornia bigelovii Torr.)离子区室化、光合作用和生长的影响.植物生理与分子生物学报,2004,30(1):94-98.
[26]李品芳,杨志成.NaCl胁迫下对高羊茅生长及K+、Na+吸收与运输的动态变化.草业学报,2005,14(4):58-64.
[27]朱小梅,洪立洲,王茂文,丁海荣,刘冲,吴家旺.NaCl胁迫下作物对离子的吸收及分配.中国土壤与肥料,2010,(4):1-4.
[2]Tang H,Liu X L,Luo Q Y.A primary study on early stage screening system for maize salt tolerance.Natural Science Journal of Hainan University,2007,25(2):169-172,176-176.
[3]Niu X,Bressan R A,Hasegawa P M,Pardo J M.Ion homeostasis in NaCl stress environments.Plant Physiology,1995,109(3):735-742.
[4]Ramoliya P J,Patel H M,Pandey A N.Effect of salinization of soil on growth and macro-and micro-nutrient accumulation in seedlings of Salvadora persica(Savadoraceae).Forest Ecology and Management,2004,202(1-3):181-193.
[5]Schroeder J I,Ward J M,Gassmann W.Perspectives on the physiology and structure of inward rectifying K+channels in higher plants:biophysical implications for K+uptake.Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure,1994,23(1):441-471.
[6]Drew M C,Lauchli A.Oxygen-dependent exclusion of sodium ions from shoots by roots of Zea mays(cv Pioneer 3906)in relation to salinity damage.Plant Physiology,1985,79(1):171-176.
[7]Ma H Y,Liang Z W,Kong X J,Yan C,Chen Y.Effects of salinity,temperature and their interaction on the germination percentage and seedling growth of Leymus chinensis(Trin.)Tzvel.(Poaceae).Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(10):4710-4717.
[8]Khan M A,Guhar S.Germination responses of Sporobolusioclados:a saline desert grass.Journal of Arid Environments,2003,53(3):387-394.
[9]Flowers T J,Hajibagheri M A,Yeo A R.Ion accumulation in the cell walls of rice plants growing under saline conditions:evidence for the Oertli hypothesis.Plant Cell Environments,1991,14(3):319-325.
[10]Bagci S A,Ekiz H,Yilmaz A.Salt tolerance of sixteen wheat genotypes during seedling growth.Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2007,31:363-372.
[11]Wang L Y,Zhao K F.Some physiological response of zea mays under salt-stress.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2005,31(2):264-266.
[12]An P,Inanaga S,Cohen Y,Kafkafi U,Sugimoto Y.Salt tolerance in two soybean cultivars.Journal of Plant Nutrition,2002,25(3):407-423.
[13]Song J,Feng G,Tian C Y,Zhang F S.Strategies for adaptation of Suaeda physophora,Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum to a saline environment during seed-germination stage.Annals of Botany,2005,96(3):399-405.
[14]Shang X F,Dong S T,Zheng S Y,Wang L Y.Relationship between changes of Na+,K+,and Ca2+contents during seed germination and salt tolerance in maize.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(2):333-336.
[15]Peng Y L,Li W L,Wang K Z,Wang H N.Effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedlings growth of salt-tolerant line and salt-sensitive line of maize.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(4):62-71.
[16]Jing Y X,Yuan Q H.Effects of salt stress on seedling growth of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and ion distribution in different alfalfa organs.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2011,20(2):134-139.
[17]Parida A K,Das A B,Mittra B.Effects of salt on growth,ion accumulation,photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of the mangrove,Bruguiera parviflora.Trees-Structure and Function,2004,18(2):167-174.
[18]Syed M A.Nutrient uptake by plants under stress conditions.In:Pessarakli M.Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress.2nd ed.New York:Marcel Dekker,Inc.,1999:295-296.
[19]Liu Z W,Zhong X X,Chang P P,Liu W G.Cationic distribution and transportation in different organs of Pennisetum purpureum cv.Sumu No.2 seedling under sea-salt stress.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(5):237-247.
[20]Zhong X X,Zhang J L,Zhang G Z,Liu Z W.Growth of somatic cell mutants of napier grass and distribution of K+and Na+at seedling stage under Sea-salt stress.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(1):48-52.
[21]Wang L Y,Zhao K F.Effect of NaCl stress on ion compartmentation,photosynthesis and growth of Salicornia bigelovii Torr.Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2004,30(1):94-98.
[22]Zhu J K.Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2003,6(5):441-445.
[23]Mac Robbie E A C.Signalling in guard cells and regulation of ion channel activity.Journal of Experimental Botany,1997,48:515-528.
[24]Carpici E B,Celik N,Bayram G,Asik B B.The effect of salt stress on the growth,biochemical parameter and minral element content of some maize(Zea mays L.)cultivars.African Journal Biotechnology,2010,9(41):6937-6942.
[25]Netondo G W,Onyango J C,Beck E.Sorghum and salinity:Ⅰ.Response of growth,water relations and ion accumulation to NaCl salinity.Crop Science,2004,44(3):797-805.
[26]Li P F,Yang Z C.Dynamic effect of NaCl on absorption and transportation of K+and Na+in Festuca arundinacea.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(4):58-64.
[27]Zhu X M,Hong L Z,Wang M W,Ding H R,Liu C,Wu J W.Absorption and transportation of ions in crops under NaCl stress.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2010,(4):1-4.
[1]张永峰,殷波.玉米耐盐性研究进展.玉米科学,2008,16(6):83-85.
[2]汤华,柳晓磊,罗秋芸.玉米耐盐早期筛选体系的初步研究.海南大学学报:自然科学版,2007,25(2):169-172,176-176.
[7]马红媛,梁正伟,孔祥军,闫超,陈渊.盐分、温度及其互作对羊草种子发芽率和幼苗生长的影响.生态学报,2008,28(10):4710-4717.
[11]王丽燕,赵可夫.玉米幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应.作物学报,2005,31(2):264-266.
[14]商学芳,董树亭,郑世英,王丽燕.玉米种子萌发过程中Na+、K+和Ca2+含量变化与耐盐性的关系.作物学报,2008,34(2):333-336.
[15]彭云玲,李伟丽,王坤泽,王汉宁.NaCl胁迫对玉米耐盐系与盐敏感系萌发和幼苗生长的影响.草业学报,2012,21(4):62-71.
[16]景艳霞,袁庆华.NaCl胁迫对苜蓿幼苗生长及不同器官中盐离子分布的影响.草业学报,2011,20(2):134-139.
[19]刘智微,钟小仙,常盼盼,刘伟国.海盐胁迫下苏牧2号象草幼苗不同器官中阳离子分配与运输.草业学报,2012,21(5):237-247.
[20]钟小仙,张建丽,张国正,刘智微.海盐胁迫下象草体细胞突变体苗期生长及Na+、K+分配.中国草地学报,2010,32(1):48-52.
[21]王丽燕,赵可夫.NaCl胁迫对海蓬子(Salicornia bigelovii Torr.)离子区室化、光合作用和生长的影响.植物生理与分子生物学报,2004,30(1):94-98.
[26]李品芳,杨志成.NaCl胁迫下对高羊茅生长及K+、Na+吸收与运输的动态变化.草业学报,2005,14(4):58-64.
[27]朱小梅,洪立洲,王茂文,丁海荣,刘冲,吴家旺.NaCl胁迫下作物对离子的吸收及分配.中国土壤与肥料,2010,(4):1-4.