熔融沉积3D打印材料粘接强度及模量预测研究
|
摘要
主要介绍了一种用于预测熔融沉积模型(FDM)层间粘接强度的扩散修复模型。根据流变数据确定温度相关扩散模型,基于一维瞬态热分析预测FDM部件层间的扩散。将温度历史上的扩散系数对时间积分得到界面分子总扩散,进而得到层间粘接强度预测模型。结果表明:不同打印条件下预测结果与测得的粘合强度结果的吻合度较好,且该模型经修正后也适用于FDM部件弹性模量的预测。通过三点弯曲实验与数值模拟的结果对比,验证了粘接强度及模量预测模型的可用性。因此,可以作为FDM打印件承载性能预测的有效模型。
A diffusion repatr model for the predicting bond strength between layers of fused deposition modeling(FDM) is introduced. The temperature-dependent diffusion model was determined based on the rheological data.The diffusion between the layers of the FDM components was predicted based on one-dimensional transient thermal analysis. The diffusion coefficient of temperature history was integrated with time to obtain the total diffusion of interfacial molecules, and then the interlaminar bond strength prediction model was obtained. The results showed that the predicted bond strength is in good agreement with the measured data under different printing conditions,which indicates that the prediction model is reasonable. Finally, the usability of the model is verified by a combination of three-point bending experiments and numerical simulations. Therefore, it can be used as an effective model for predicting the performance of FDM prints.
A diffusion repatr model for the predicting bond strength between layers of fused deposition modeling(FDM) is introduced. The temperature-dependent diffusion model was determined based on the rheological data.The diffusion between the layers of the FDM components was predicted based on one-dimensional transient thermal analysis. The diffusion coefficient of temperature history was integrated with time to obtain the total diffusion of interfacial molecules, and then the interlaminar bond strength prediction model was obtained. The results showed that the predicted bond strength is in good agreement with the measured data under different printing conditions,which indicates that the prediction model is reasonable. Finally, the usability of the model is verified by a combination of three-point bending experiments and numerical simulations. Therefore, it can be used as an effective model for predicting the performance of FDM prints.
引文
[1]韩江,王益康,田晓青,等.熔融沉积(FDM)3D打印工艺参数优化设计研究[J].制造技术与机床,2016,(6):139-142.Han J,Wang Y K,Tian X Q,et al.Optimum design of 3D printing process parameters for fused deposition modeling(FDM)[J].Manufacturing Technology and Machine Tools,2016,(6):139-142.
[2]张学军,唐思熠,肇恒跃,等.3D打印技术研究现状和关键技术[J].材料工程,2016,44(2):122-128.Zhang X J,Tang S Y,Zhao H Y,et al.Research status and key technologies of 3D printing technology[J].Material Engineering,2016,44(2):122-128.
[3]Singh S,Ramakrishna S,Singh R.Material issues in additive manufacturing:a review[J].Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2017,25:185-200.
[4]Long J,Gholizadeh H,Lu J,et al.Application of fused deposition modeling(FDM)method of 3D printing in drug delivery[J].Current Pharmaceutical Design,2017,23(3):433-439.
[5]Gao W,Zhang Y,Ramanujan D,et al.The status,challenges,and future of additive manufacturing in engineering[J].ComputerAided Design,2015,69:65-89.
[6]Vishwas M,Basavaraj C.Studies on optimizing process parameters of fused deposition modeling technology for ABS[J].Materials Today:Proceedings,2017,4(10):10994-11003.
[7]Tan D,Maniruzzaman M,Nokhodchi A.Advanced pharmaceutical applications of hot-melt extrusion coupled with fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing for personalised drug delivery[J].Pharmaceutics,2018,10(4):203.
[8]夏春蕾,张均,姜志国.熔融沉积成型3D打印技术应用进展及展望[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(3):130-133.Xia C L,Zhang J,Jiang Z G.Progress and prospect of 3D printing technology for fused deposition modeling[J].Engineering Plastics Applications,2017,45(3):130-133.
[9]唐通鸣,张政,邓佳文,等.基于FDM的3D打印技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(6):228-230.Tang T M,Zhang Z,Deng J W,et al.Research status and development trend of 3D printing technology based on FDM[J].New Chemical Materials,2015,43(6):228-230.
[10]Casavola C,Cazzato A,Moramarco V,et al.Residual stress measurement in fused deposition modeling parts[J].Polymer Testing,2017,58:249-255.
[11]Chao I,Young J,Coles Black J,et al.The application of threedimensional printing technology in anaesthesia:a systematic review[J].Anaesthesia,2017,72(5):641-650.
[12]Salentijn G I,Oomen P E,Grajewski M,et al.Fused deposition modeling 3D printing for(bio)analytical device fabrication:procedures,materials,and applications[J].Analytical Chemistry,2017,89(13):7053-7061.
[13]Solanki N G,Tahsin M,Shah A V,et al.Formulation of 3Dprinted tablet for rapid drug release by fused deposition modeling:screening polymers for drug release,drug-polymer miscibility and print ability[J].Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,2018,107(1):390-401.
[14]Sun Q,Rizvi G,Bellehumeur C,et al.Effect of processing conditions on the bonding quality of FDM polymer filaments[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2008,14(2):72-80.
[15]Griffiths C,Howarth J,Rowbotham G D-A,et al.Effect of build parameters on processing efficiency and material performance in fused deposition modeling[J].Procedia CIRP,2016,49:28-32.
[16]Bellehumeur C,Li L,Sun Q,et al.Modeling of bond formation between polymer filaments in the fused deposition modeling process[J].Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2004,6(2):170-178.
[17]Ning F,Cong W,Hu Z,et al.Additive manufacturing of thermoplastic matrix composites using fused deposition modeling:a comparison of two reinforcements[J].Journal of Composite Materials,2017,51(27):3733-3742.
[18]李初然.浅析现代3D打印技术[J].科技创新导报,2017,(28):91-92.Li C R.A brief analysis of modern 3D printing technology[J].Science and Technology Innovation Report,2017,(28):91-92.
[19]赵天婵,黄海.基于3D打印的熔融沉积快速成型工艺若干问题研究[J].机械工程师,2016,(4):22-23.Zhao T C,Huang H.Research on problems of fused deposition rapid prototyping technology based on 3D printing[J].Mechanical Engineer,2016,(4):22-23.
[20]Yin J,Lu C,Fu J,et al.Interfacial bonding during multi-material fused deposition modeling(FDM)process due to inter-molecular diffusion[J].Materials&Design,2018,150:104-112.
[21]Wolszczak P,Lygas K,Paszko M,et al.Heat distribution in material during fused deposition modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2018,24(3):615-622.
[22]Turner N B,Strong R,Gold A S.A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing process(Ⅰ):Process design and modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(3):192-204.
[23]Gurrala P K,Regalla S P.Part strength evolution with bonding between filaments in fused deposition modelling:this paper studies how coalescence of filaments contributes to the strength of final FDM part[J].Virtual and Physical Prototyping,2014,9(3):141-149.
[24]Coogan T J,Kazmer D O.Healing simulation for bond strength prediction of FDM[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2017,23(3):551-561.
[25]Lodge T P.Reconciliation of the molecular weight dependence of diffusion and viscosity in entangled polymers[J].Physical Review Letters,1999,83(16):3218.
[26]Hill N,Haghi M.Deposition direction-dependent failure criteria for fused deposition modeling polycarbonate[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(3):221-227.
[27]Bellini A,G Eri S.Mechanical characterization of parts fabricated using fused deposition modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2003,9(4):252-264.
[28]Wool R,O.Connor K.Time dependence of crack healing[J].Journal of Polymer Science:Polymer Letters Edition,1982,20(1):7-16.
[29]Wool R,Yuan B L,Mcgarel O.Welding of polymer interfaces[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,1989,29(19):1340-1367.
[30]Williams M L,Landel R F,Ferry J D.The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1955,77(14):3701-3707.
[2]张学军,唐思熠,肇恒跃,等.3D打印技术研究现状和关键技术[J].材料工程,2016,44(2):122-128.Zhang X J,Tang S Y,Zhao H Y,et al.Research status and key technologies of 3D printing technology[J].Material Engineering,2016,44(2):122-128.
[3]Singh S,Ramakrishna S,Singh R.Material issues in additive manufacturing:a review[J].Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2017,25:185-200.
[4]Long J,Gholizadeh H,Lu J,et al.Application of fused deposition modeling(FDM)method of 3D printing in drug delivery[J].Current Pharmaceutical Design,2017,23(3):433-439.
[5]Gao W,Zhang Y,Ramanujan D,et al.The status,challenges,and future of additive manufacturing in engineering[J].ComputerAided Design,2015,69:65-89.
[6]Vishwas M,Basavaraj C.Studies on optimizing process parameters of fused deposition modeling technology for ABS[J].Materials Today:Proceedings,2017,4(10):10994-11003.
[7]Tan D,Maniruzzaman M,Nokhodchi A.Advanced pharmaceutical applications of hot-melt extrusion coupled with fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing for personalised drug delivery[J].Pharmaceutics,2018,10(4):203.
[8]夏春蕾,张均,姜志国.熔融沉积成型3D打印技术应用进展及展望[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(3):130-133.Xia C L,Zhang J,Jiang Z G.Progress and prospect of 3D printing technology for fused deposition modeling[J].Engineering Plastics Applications,2017,45(3):130-133.
[9]唐通鸣,张政,邓佳文,等.基于FDM的3D打印技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(6):228-230.Tang T M,Zhang Z,Deng J W,et al.Research status and development trend of 3D printing technology based on FDM[J].New Chemical Materials,2015,43(6):228-230.
[10]Casavola C,Cazzato A,Moramarco V,et al.Residual stress measurement in fused deposition modeling parts[J].Polymer Testing,2017,58:249-255.
[11]Chao I,Young J,Coles Black J,et al.The application of threedimensional printing technology in anaesthesia:a systematic review[J].Anaesthesia,2017,72(5):641-650.
[12]Salentijn G I,Oomen P E,Grajewski M,et al.Fused deposition modeling 3D printing for(bio)analytical device fabrication:procedures,materials,and applications[J].Analytical Chemistry,2017,89(13):7053-7061.
[13]Solanki N G,Tahsin M,Shah A V,et al.Formulation of 3Dprinted tablet for rapid drug release by fused deposition modeling:screening polymers for drug release,drug-polymer miscibility and print ability[J].Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,2018,107(1):390-401.
[14]Sun Q,Rizvi G,Bellehumeur C,et al.Effect of processing conditions on the bonding quality of FDM polymer filaments[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2008,14(2):72-80.
[15]Griffiths C,Howarth J,Rowbotham G D-A,et al.Effect of build parameters on processing efficiency and material performance in fused deposition modeling[J].Procedia CIRP,2016,49:28-32.
[16]Bellehumeur C,Li L,Sun Q,et al.Modeling of bond formation between polymer filaments in the fused deposition modeling process[J].Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2004,6(2):170-178.
[17]Ning F,Cong W,Hu Z,et al.Additive manufacturing of thermoplastic matrix composites using fused deposition modeling:a comparison of two reinforcements[J].Journal of Composite Materials,2017,51(27):3733-3742.
[18]李初然.浅析现代3D打印技术[J].科技创新导报,2017,(28):91-92.Li C R.A brief analysis of modern 3D printing technology[J].Science and Technology Innovation Report,2017,(28):91-92.
[19]赵天婵,黄海.基于3D打印的熔融沉积快速成型工艺若干问题研究[J].机械工程师,2016,(4):22-23.Zhao T C,Huang H.Research on problems of fused deposition rapid prototyping technology based on 3D printing[J].Mechanical Engineer,2016,(4):22-23.
[20]Yin J,Lu C,Fu J,et al.Interfacial bonding during multi-material fused deposition modeling(FDM)process due to inter-molecular diffusion[J].Materials&Design,2018,150:104-112.
[21]Wolszczak P,Lygas K,Paszko M,et al.Heat distribution in material during fused deposition modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2018,24(3):615-622.
[22]Turner N B,Strong R,Gold A S.A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing process(Ⅰ):Process design and modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(3):192-204.
[23]Gurrala P K,Regalla S P.Part strength evolution with bonding between filaments in fused deposition modelling:this paper studies how coalescence of filaments contributes to the strength of final FDM part[J].Virtual and Physical Prototyping,2014,9(3):141-149.
[24]Coogan T J,Kazmer D O.Healing simulation for bond strength prediction of FDM[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2017,23(3):551-561.
[25]Lodge T P.Reconciliation of the molecular weight dependence of diffusion and viscosity in entangled polymers[J].Physical Review Letters,1999,83(16):3218.
[26]Hill N,Haghi M.Deposition direction-dependent failure criteria for fused deposition modeling polycarbonate[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(3):221-227.
[27]Bellini A,G Eri S.Mechanical characterization of parts fabricated using fused deposition modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2003,9(4):252-264.
[28]Wool R,O.Connor K.Time dependence of crack healing[J].Journal of Polymer Science:Polymer Letters Edition,1982,20(1):7-16.
[29]Wool R,Yuan B L,Mcgarel O.Welding of polymer interfaces[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,1989,29(19):1340-1367.
[30]Williams M L,Landel R F,Ferry J D.The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1955,77(14):3701-3707.