霜降后不同比例马铃薯秧与全株玉米混贮效果研究
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摘要
为了探究霜降后不同比例马铃薯秧与全株玉米混贮效果,试验分为4组进行了马铃薯秧与全株玉米的混贮,试验1组为30%马铃薯秧+70%全株玉米,试验2组为50%马铃薯秧+50%全株玉米,试验3组为70%马铃薯秧+30%全株玉米,试验4组为100%马铃薯秧,青贮后进行了感官评定和实验室评定。结果表明:在青贮料感官评定中,除试验4组评定等级为一般外,其他3组评定等级均到达优等水平;在青贮料实验室评定中,随着马铃薯秧添加比例的增加,粗蛋白(CP)和龙葵素含量逐步增加,且试验1组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量较低,其中ADF含量显著低于试验2组(P<0.05)和试验3组(P<0.05),极显著低于试验4组(P<0.01);氨态氮(NH_3-N)和丁酸含量均以试验1组最低,分别显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)低于其他3组。综合各项评定指标,说明马铃薯秧与全株玉米混合青贮的比例为3∶7时青贮品质和营养价值最优。
In this study,the author investigate the effects of different mixed ratio in potato vines and corn stalk on silage fermentation after frost's descent.After silage,there were 4 treatments performing sensory and laboratory evaluations, group 1 was 30% potato vines +70% corn stalk,group 2 was 50% potato vines +50% corn stalk,group 3 was 70% potato vines +30% corn stalk and group 4 was potato vines alone. Sensory and laboratory assessments were performed after silage.The results showed that silage sensory evaluation of group 4 had general level and all the other groups had merit level.In silage laboratory evaluation, the crude protein(CP) and solanine were increased gradually with the addition of potato seedlings. At the meantime, neutra detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) had a low content in group 1.The content of ADF of group 1 were significantly lower than group 2(P<0.05) and group 3(P<0.05), while extremely lower than group 4(P<0.01).The ammonia nitrogen(NH_3-N) and butyrate of group 1 were the lowest one in this experiment,which were significantly(P<0.05) or extremely(P<0.01) lower than the other groups.With the comprehensive evaluation indexes,it can achieve the optimum silage quality and nutrient composition when the appending proportion of potato vines and corn stalk arrived 3∶7.
In this study,the author investigate the effects of different mixed ratio in potato vines and corn stalk on silage fermentation after frost's descent.After silage,there were 4 treatments performing sensory and laboratory evaluations, group 1 was 30% potato vines +70% corn stalk,group 2 was 50% potato vines +50% corn stalk,group 3 was 70% potato vines +30% corn stalk and group 4 was potato vines alone. Sensory and laboratory assessments were performed after silage.The results showed that silage sensory evaluation of group 4 had general level and all the other groups had merit level.In silage laboratory evaluation, the crude protein(CP) and solanine were increased gradually with the addition of potato seedlings. At the meantime, neutra detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) had a low content in group 1.The content of ADF of group 1 were significantly lower than group 2(P<0.05) and group 3(P<0.05), while extremely lower than group 4(P<0.01).The ammonia nitrogen(NH_3-N) and butyrate of group 1 were the lowest one in this experiment,which were significantly(P<0.05) or extremely(P<0.01) lower than the other groups.With the comprehensive evaluation indexes,it can achieve the optimum silage quality and nutrient composition when the appending proportion of potato vines and corn stalk arrived 3∶7.
引文
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[11] 雒瑞瑞,郭艳丽,韩海珠,等.马铃薯茎叶和玉米秸混合青贮效果的研究[J].中国饲料,2017(24):20-23.
[12] 何品晶,方文娟,吕凡,等.乙酸常温预处理对木质纤维素厌氧消化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(12):1116-1121.
[13] 张雄杰,卢鹏飞,陈浩,等.植物乳杆菌在马铃薯秧藤汁液中的适应性驯化培养研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(14):269-271.
[14] ROOKE J A.The effect of increasing acidity or osmolality of grass silage by the additionof free or partially neutralized lactic acid on silage intake by sheep and upon osmolality andacid- base balance[J].Anim Sci,1995,61:285-292.
[15] 王明.甜高粱与苜蓿混贮的发酵、有氧稳定性及微生物变化研究[D].阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2017.
[2] PARFITT D E,PELOQUIN S J,JORGENSEN N A.The nutritional value of pressed potato vine silage[J].Am J Potato Res,1982,59(9):415-423.
[3] DRIEHUIS F,WIKSELAAR G.The occurrence and prevention of ethanol fermentation in high dry matter grass silage[J].Sci Food Agric,2000,80:711-718.
[4] 王慧媛,郭同军,王文奇,等.番茄渣和全株玉米不同混合比例混贮效果的研究[J].饲料研究,2015(17):67-71.
[5] 农业部畜牧兽医司.青贮饲料质量评定标准(试行)[J].中国饲料,1996(21):5-7.
[6] 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1991.
[7] NICHOLSON J W G,YOUNG D A,MC QUEEN R E,et al.The feeding value potential of potato vines[J].Can J Anim Sci,1978,58(4):559-569.
[8] TAYLOR K A C C.A simple colorimetric assay for muramic acid and lactic acid[J].Appl Biochem Biotech,1996,56(1):49-58.
[9] 杨永在,王长水,梁艺洵,等.不同添加物对马铃薯茎叶青贮品质的影响[J].中国草食动物科学,2015,35(5):34-38,49.
[10] MCDONALD P,HENDERSON A R,HERSON S J E.The biochemistry of silage [M].2nd.Marlow:Chalcombe Publications,1991.
[11] 雒瑞瑞,郭艳丽,韩海珠,等.马铃薯茎叶和玉米秸混合青贮效果的研究[J].中国饲料,2017(24):20-23.
[12] 何品晶,方文娟,吕凡,等.乙酸常温预处理对木质纤维素厌氧消化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(12):1116-1121.
[13] 张雄杰,卢鹏飞,陈浩,等.植物乳杆菌在马铃薯秧藤汁液中的适应性驯化培养研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(14):269-271.
[14] ROOKE J A.The effect of increasing acidity or osmolality of grass silage by the additionof free or partially neutralized lactic acid on silage intake by sheep and upon osmolality andacid- base balance[J].Anim Sci,1995,61:285-292.
[15] 王明.甜高粱与苜蓿混贮的发酵、有氧稳定性及微生物变化研究[D].阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2017.