豌豆秸和胡麻秸对马铃薯茎叶青贮发酵品质的影响
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摘要
为研究豌豆秸、胡麻秸及玉米对马铃薯茎叶青贮发酵品质的影响,采用单因子试验设计,分为5个处理组,分别为马铃薯茎叶单独青贮,83%的马铃薯茎叶混合17%的豌豆秸或胡麻秸,81%的马铃薯茎叶混合3%的玉米及16%的豌豆秸或胡麻秸,每个处理4个重复。结果显示:马铃薯茎叶单独青贮的品质最差,pH、氨氮含量最高,感官评分和乳酸含量最低。混合豌豆秸与胡麻秸后,青贮品质提高,pH分别显著下降(P <0.001)9.59%和23.69%。氨氮分别显著下降(P <0.001)13.77%和29.90%。感官评分分别显著提高(P <0.001)50.00%和104.17%。在添加豌豆秸与胡麻秸的基础上再添加3%的玉米,青贮品质进一步提高。添加豌豆秸、胡麻秸和玉米均可显著影响青贮料的养分含量(P <0.001),胡麻秸的效果优于豌豆秸。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pea straw,flax straw and corn on the fermentation quality of potato vines silage. There were 5 treatments(potato vines alone,83% potato vines+17% pea straw,83% potato vines+17% flax straw,81% potato vines+16% pea straw +3% corn and 81% potato vines +16%flax straw +3% corn) with 4 replicates each. The potato vines alone was poorly fermented(P < 0.001)as indicated by the highest pH,ammonia-N and the lowest sensory score,lactic acid compared to the other treatments. Adding pea straw and flax straw improved the quality of silage. The pH decreased significantly(P < 0.001) by 9.59% and23.69%,respectively.Ammonia nitrogen decreased significantly(P < 0.001)by 13.77% and 29.90%,respectively.Sensory score increased significantly(P < 0.001) by 50.00% and 104.17%,respectively.Adding corn improved the silage quality furtherly.The nutrients of silage were affected(P < 0.001)by the adding of pea straw,flax straw and corn.The effects of improving the silage quality of pea straw was better than that of flax straw.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pea straw,flax straw and corn on the fermentation quality of potato vines silage. There were 5 treatments(potato vines alone,83% potato vines+17% pea straw,83% potato vines+17% flax straw,81% potato vines+16% pea straw +3% corn and 81% potato vines +16%flax straw +3% corn) with 4 replicates each. The potato vines alone was poorly fermented(P < 0.001)as indicated by the highest pH,ammonia-N and the lowest sensory score,lactic acid compared to the other treatments. Adding pea straw and flax straw improved the quality of silage. The pH decreased significantly(P < 0.001) by 9.59% and23.69%,respectively.Ammonia nitrogen decreased significantly(P < 0.001)by 13.77% and 29.90%,respectively.Sensory score increased significantly(P < 0.001) by 50.00% and 104.17%,respectively.Adding corn improved the silage quality furtherly.The nutrients of silage were affected(P < 0.001)by the adding of pea straw,flax straw and corn.The effects of improving the silage quality of pea straw was better than that of flax straw.
引文
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[3]何玉鹏,郭艳丽,秦士贞,等.添加米糠和小麦麸对不同品种马铃薯茎叶青贮品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(10):3311~3318.
[4]林金宝.添加甲酸对马铃薯茎叶青贮效果的影响[J].青海草业,2013,22(1):6~9+28.
[5]罗其友,刘洋,高明杰,等.中国马铃薯产业现状与前景[J].农业展望,2015,11(3):35~40.
[6]雒瑞瑞,郭艳丽.马铃薯茎叶制作青贮饲料的研究进展[J].中国饲料,2017,4:34~37.
[7]雒瑞瑞,郭艳丽,韩海珠,等.马铃薯茎叶和玉米秸混合青贮效果的研究[J].中国饲料,2017a,24:20~23.
[8]梁业森.非常规饲料资源及其利用前景[J].中国农业资源与区划,1998,4:12~15.
[9]徐亚姣.不同生物制剂对马铃薯茎叶青贮品质的影响[D].西宁:青海大学,2009.
[10]杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社.1993.
[11]杨闻文,付晓悦,杨彪,等.不同物料对马铃薯茎叶青贮特性和发酵品质的影响[J].动物营养学报.2015.27(11):3643~3648.
[12]张廷梅,李华志.洋芋茎叶青贮制作技术[J].现代畜牧兽医,2007,9:17~18.
[13] Charbonneau E,Chouinard P Y,Allard G,et al. Milk from forage as affected by rumen degradable protein and corn grinding when feeding corn-and alfalfa silage-based diets.[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(2):823~832.
[14] Michel DuBois,K A.Gilles,J.K.Hamilton P,et al.Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances[J].Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350~356.
[15] Taylor KA.A Simple Colorimetric Assay for Muramic Acid and Lactic-Acid[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,1996,56(1):49~58.
[16] Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583~3597.