东海盆地西湖凹陷原油中金刚烷类化合物特征及意义
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摘要
采用GC—MS分析技术,对东海盆地西湖凹陷31个原油样品进行了分子指纹研究。原油碳同位素值偏高,Pr/Ph值高,甾烷系列以C_(29)甾烷占优,萜烷以二萜类为主,富含降异海松烷、异海松烷、扁枝烷等,C_(24)四环萜烷含量高,伽马蜡烷含量低,富含奥利烷,表明原油的烃源岩形成于偏氧化的沉积环境,其成烃母质主要来源于高等植物。原油含有丰富的金刚烷类化合物,总含量可达877～9 797μg/g_油,其中以单金刚烷系列占绝对优势(754～9 333μg/g_油),体现出高成熟原油的特征。认为西湖凹陷西部缓坡带平湖组原油主要来源于平湖组烃源岩的生烃晚期,并在储层中发生了不同程度的裂解;中央洼陷带花港组原油主要为高成熟油或裂解油与未裂解的、成熟度较低原油的混合油,其中成熟度较低的原油主要来自于花港组烃源岩的生烃高峰期。平湖组或其下伏烃源岩在高—过成熟阶段形成的大量凝析油、天然气,甚至深层储层原油发生裂解形成的轻质烃类进入浅部花港组储层,与储层内早期原油发生混合是造成西湖凹陷浅部原油富含金刚烷类化合物的主要原因。
Molecular geochemical characteristics of thirty-one crude oil samples recovered from the Xihu Depression in the East China Sea were studied comprehensively by GC-MS analysis.The result shows that the oils have relatively high Pr/Ph ratios,heavier carbon isotope,C_(29) steranes preference in C_(27)-C_(28)-C_(29) series,diterpane preference such as abundant nor-isopotonane,isopotonane,phyllocladene,also abundant C_(24) tetracyclic terpanes and oleanane,while low abundance of gammacerane.The molecular composition characteristics indicate an oxydic sedimentary environment and a higher-plant organic source input.Adamantanes presents in abundance with a total amount reached 877-9 797μg/g_(oil),dominated by monoamantane series,showing a characteristic of high-mature oil.Maturity parameters of adamantanes and alkylphenanthrene implied that the crude oils from Pinghu Formation distributed in the East Slope mainly originated from the Pinghu source rock at a late generation period and had experienced variable degrees of thermal-cracking.The crude oil in the Huagang Formation of the central depression belt is a mixture mainly composed of highly-matured oil or cracking oil and uncracked maturity oil,which sourced from the Huagang Formation during the main oil generation window.A large amount of condensate oil,natural gas generated from the high-over mature source rocks in the Pinghu Formation and light oil cracked from the lower reservoir oils contribute to the high abundance of adamantanes in shallow oil reservoirs distributed in Xihu Depression.
Molecular geochemical characteristics of thirty-one crude oil samples recovered from the Xihu Depression in the East China Sea were studied comprehensively by GC-MS analysis.The result shows that the oils have relatively high Pr/Ph ratios,heavier carbon isotope,C_(29) steranes preference in C_(27)-C_(28)-C_(29) series,diterpane preference such as abundant nor-isopotonane,isopotonane,phyllocladene,also abundant C_(24) tetracyclic terpanes and oleanane,while low abundance of gammacerane.The molecular composition characteristics indicate an oxydic sedimentary environment and a higher-plant organic source input.Adamantanes presents in abundance with a total amount reached 877-9 797μg/g_(oil),dominated by monoamantane series,showing a characteristic of high-mature oil.Maturity parameters of adamantanes and alkylphenanthrene implied that the crude oils from Pinghu Formation distributed in the East Slope mainly originated from the Pinghu source rock at a late generation period and had experienced variable degrees of thermal-cracking.The crude oil in the Huagang Formation of the central depression belt is a mixture mainly composed of highly-matured oil or cracking oil and uncracked maturity oil,which sourced from the Huagang Formation during the main oil generation window.A large amount of condensate oil,natural gas generated from the high-over mature source rocks in the Pinghu Formation and light oil cracked from the lower reservoir oils contribute to the high abundance of adamantanes in shallow oil reservoirs distributed in Xihu Depression.
引文
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[2]Su Ao,Chen Honghan,Wang Cunwu,et al.Genesis and maturity identification of oil and gas in the Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(5):521-527.苏奥,陈红汉,王存武,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷油气成因及成熟度判别[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(5):521-527.
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[4]Yin Shiyan,Ye Jiaren,Lei Chuang,et al.Geochemical characteristics of Pinghu crude oils in Pingbei area of Xihu Sag[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(5):542-546.殷世艳,叶加仁,雷闯,等.西湖凹陷平北地区平湖组原油地球化学特征[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(5):542-546.
[5]Xu Ting,Hou Dujie,Cao Bing.Study of precursors for condensates and light oils in Xihu Sag of East China Sea Basin[J].Geochimica,2015,44(3):289-300.许婷,侯读杰,曹冰.东海盆地西湖凹陷凝析油和轻质油生源母质剖析[J].地球化学,2015,44(3):289-300.
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[8]Fu Ning,Li Youchuan,Chen Guihua,et al.Pooling mechanisms of“evaporating fractionation”of oil and gas in the Xihu Depression,East China Sea[J].Petroleum Exploration Development,2003,30(2):39-42.傅宁,李友川,陈桂华,等.东海西湖凹陷油气“蒸发分馏”成藏机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(2):39-42.
[9]Xu Ting,Hou Dujie,Cao Bing,et al.Characteristics of aromatic geochemistry in light oils from Xihu Sag in East China Sea Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2017,35(1):182-192.许婷,侯读杰,曹冰,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷轻质原油芳烃地球化学特征[J].沉积学报,2017,35(1):182-192.
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[11]Chen J,Fu J,Sheng G,et al.Diamondoid hydrocarbonratios:Novel maturity indices for highly mature crude oil[J].Organic Geochemistry,1996,25(3/4):179-190.
[12]Ma Anlai.New advancement in application of diamondoids on organic geochemistry[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(5):851-860.马安来.金刚烷类化合物在有机地球化学中的应用进展[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(5):851-860.
[13]Zhang Jianpei,Zhang Tao,Liu Jingyan,et al.Distribution and style of inversed structures in Xihu Depression[J].Offshore Oil,2009,28(4):14-20.张建培,张涛,刘景彦,等.西湖凹陷反转构造分布与样式[J].海洋石油,2009,28(4):14-20.
[14]Wei Hengfei,Chen Jianfa,Chen Xiaodong,et al.The controlling factors and sedimentary environment for developing coastal coal-bearing source rock of Pinghu Formation in Xihu Depression[J].Geology in China,2013,40(2):487-497.魏恒飞,陈践发,陈晓东,等.西湖凹陷平湖组滨海型煤系烃源岩发育环境及其控制因素[J].中国地质,2013,40(2):487-497.
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[17]Fu Ning.Diterpeniod compounds in coal measures and condensates in Xihu Sag of East China Sea Basin[J].China Offshore Oil Gas:Geology,1994,8(1):21-28.傅宁.东海盆地西湖凹陷煤系烃源岩及凝析油中的二萜化合物[J].中国海上油气:地质,1994,8(1):21-28.
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[20]Li Jinggui,Cui Mingzhong,Zhang Qian.A discussion about diamantes ratios as maturity indicators of Lower Paleozoic carbonate source rocks at high and over mature stage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(2):83-85.李景贵,崔明中,张谦.双金刚烷指标作为下古生界高-过成熟阶段碳酸盐岩成熟度衡量标尺的讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(2):83-85.
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[22]Fang C C,Xiong Y Q,Li Y,et al.The origin and evolution of adamatanes and diamanteanes in petroleum[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2013,120(11):109-120.
[23]Wei Z,Moldowan J M,Jarvie D M,et al.The fate of diamondoids in coals and sedimentary rocks[J].Geology,2006,34:1013-1016.
[24]Schoell M,Carlson R M K.Diamondoids and oil are not forever[J].Nature,1999,399(5):15-16.
[25]Zhang S,Su J,Wang X,et al.Geochemistry of Paleozoic marine petroleum from the Tarim Basin,NW China:Part 3.Thermal cracking of liquid hydrocarbons and gas washing as the major mechanisms for deep gas condensate accumulations[J].Organic Geochemistry,2011,42(11):1394-1410.
[26]Zhou Jin.Thermal evolution of source rocks under two thermal systems in the central anticlinal zone in Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology,2003,17(1):64-68.周瑾.西湖凹陷中央背斜带两种热体制下烃源岩的热演化[J].中国海上油气:地质,2003,17(1):64-68.
[27]Moldowan J M,Dahl J,Zinniker D,et al.Underutilized advanced geochemical technologies for oil and gas exploration and production-1.Thediamondoids[J].Journal of petroleum science and engineering,2015,126(1):87-96.
[28]Kvalheim O M,Christy A A,Telns N,et al.Maturity determination of organic matter in coals using the methylphenanthrene distribution[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(7):1883-1888.
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