清末吉林“韩边外”诸疑释解
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摘要
清末"韩边外"事迹,近年来传播广泛,但不免歧误之处,需予厘清。作为"韩边外"事业开创者,韩宪宗未曾参加三姓葛成隆举事。同治四、五年间,举事武装扰省城,署吉林将军德英招募私开金矿之韩宪宗率勇入援,继任将军富明阿保奏其六品顶戴,安插务农,并更名"韩现琮"。光绪三年,将军铭安为韩宪宗更名"韩效忠",而非出自办案大臣崇绮,更与吴大澂无关。但不久,韩宪宗因偷开金矿被通缉。六年十月,钦差大臣吴大澂奉命招抚了韩宪宗,并非吴大澂自告奋勇自作主张。"韩边外"采金群体日益壮大,是清朝封禁废弛、钱贱银荒以及采金极易暴富之结果,与世界资本主义市场没有关联。"韩边外"区域虽有一定的自治性质,但从来没有摆脱清朝的实际控制,所谓"独立王国",源于日本制造"间岛问题"以谋我领土之别有用心,当代部分作者未察其实,以致传讹。
In the late Qing Dynasty,"Han Bianwai"story has widely spread in recent years,but inevitably manifold mistakes about it need to be clarified.As one of"Han Bianwai"business pioneers,Han Xianzong never participated in Ge Chenglong uprising in Sanxing.During Tongzhi four or five years,armed uprisings attacked the provincial capital.So, General De Ying in the Department of Jilin recruited Han Xianzong into the aid,who privately opened gold mines. Afterwards,General Fu Ming'e recommended him to the court and awarded him "the six grade top hat".Meanwhile,he was placed in agriculture and changed his name to Han Xiancong.During Guangxu three years,General Ming An renamed Han Xiancong to Han Xiaozhong,which is not from Minister Chong Chi and has nothing to do with Wu Dacheng.But soon,Han Xianzong was wanted for stealing gold mines.Six years in October,the imperial envoy Wu Dacheng was ordered to pacify Han Xianzong,but did not volunteer self-assertion."Han Bianwai"gold mining group was growing,mainly because the Qing Dynasty banned lax,the shortage of silver base money and mining gold is very easy to get rich,which is not affiliated with the world capitalist market.Although"Han Bianwai"area has a certain autonomous nature,it never gets rid of the actual control of the Qing Dynasty.The so-called"Independent kingdom",from "Jiandao"problem made in Japan,is to have an ulterior motive to seek my territory.Part of the contemporary authors did not examine its fact,thus resulting in passing on wrong reports.
In the late Qing Dynasty,"Han Bianwai"story has widely spread in recent years,but inevitably manifold mistakes about it need to be clarified.As one of"Han Bianwai"business pioneers,Han Xianzong never participated in Ge Chenglong uprising in Sanxing.During Tongzhi four or five years,armed uprisings attacked the provincial capital.So, General De Ying in the Department of Jilin recruited Han Xianzong into the aid,who privately opened gold mines. Afterwards,General Fu Ming'e recommended him to the court and awarded him "the six grade top hat".Meanwhile,he was placed in agriculture and changed his name to Han Xiancong.During Guangxu three years,General Ming An renamed Han Xiancong to Han Xiaozhong,which is not from Minister Chong Chi and has nothing to do with Wu Dacheng.But soon,Han Xianzong was wanted for stealing gold mines.Six years in October,the imperial envoy Wu Dacheng was ordered to pacify Han Xianzong,but did not volunteer self-assertion."Han Bianwai"gold mining group was growing,mainly because the Qing Dynasty banned lax,the shortage of silver base money and mining gold is very easy to get rich,which is not affiliated with the world capitalist market.Although"Han Bianwai"area has a certain autonomous nature,it never gets rid of the actual control of the Qing Dynasty.The so-called"Independent kingdom",from "Jiandao"problem made in Japan,is to have an ulterior motive to seek my territory.Part of the contemporary authors did not examine its fact,thus resulting in passing on wrong reports.
引文
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[2]中国第一历史档案馆编.宫中朱批奏折全宗:04号[Z].藏于中国第一历史档案馆.
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[17]国家清史编纂委员会.档案丛刊·吉林省档案馆藏清代档案史料选编:第59册[M].北京:国家图书馆出版社,2012.
[18]愙斋自订年谱.近代史料笔记丛刊·青鹤笔记九种[M].北京:中华书局,2007.
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[20]吉林通志[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,2008.
[21]珠河县志.中国地方志集成·黑龙江府县志辑[M].南京:凤凰出版社,2006.
[22]杨余练,王佩环.“韩边外”初探[J].社会科学辑刊,1984(6):102.
[23]国家图书馆分馆编.清代边疆史料抄稿本汇编:第8册[M].北京:线装书局,2003.
[24]鸡林旧闻录.中国边疆史志集成·东北史志:第15册[M].北京:全国图书馆文献缩微复制中心,2004.
[25]徐世昌.东三省政略:上册[M].长春:吉林文史出版社,1989.
①查案大员为了袒护铭安,“将宪宗更名效忠,蒙混朝廷”。庄金铨.“淘金王”韩边外割据江东七十载.吉林百年:上册[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,1990:115。
①吉林理事同知的职掌是:“所有旗民交涉人命盗案,及以前知州应办民人刑名钱谷杂税等项。”清高宗实录:第4册[M].北京:中华书局,1985:925。
[2]中国第一历史档案馆编.宫中朱批奏折全宗:04号[Z].藏于中国第一历史档案馆.
[3]清代档案史料丛编:第11辑[M].北京:中华书局,1984.
[4]李澍田,等辑.韩边外[M].长春:吉林文史出版社,1987.
[5]魏声龢.韩边外传记[J].地学杂志,1921(8):131.
[6]桦甸县志未是稿:第6册[M].民国版手写稿.
[7]余同元,王来刚.关东鲁商[M].济南:齐鲁书社,2009.
[8]陈旭麓.宋教仁集[M].北京:中华书局,1981.
[9]庄金铨.韩边外祖孙三世占据吉林夹皮沟六十年记略.吉林文史资料:第1辑[M].吉林:吉林市政协文史委,1983.
[10]清穆宗实录:第5册[M].北京:中华书局,1987.
[11]中国边疆史地研究中心.东北边疆档案选辑:第87册[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2007.
[12]张相文.韩边外志.南园丛稿:卷5.民国丛书:第5编[M].上海:上海书店,1929.
[13]中国第一历史档案馆编.光绪朝上谕档:第3册[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1996.
[14]清德宗实录:第1册[M].北京:中华书局,1987.
[15]清德宗实录:第2册[M].北京:中华书局,1987.
[16]中国边疆史地研究中心.东北边疆档案选辑:第88册[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2007.
[17]国家清史编纂委员会.档案丛刊·吉林省档案馆藏清代档案史料选编:第59册[M].北京:国家图书馆出版社,2012.
[18]愙斋自订年谱.近代史料笔记丛刊·青鹤笔记九种[M].北京:中华书局,2007.
[19]中国第一历史档案馆编.咸丰同治两朝上谕档:第18册,第21册[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1998.
[20]吉林通志[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,2008.
[21]珠河县志.中国地方志集成·黑龙江府县志辑[M].南京:凤凰出版社,2006.
[22]杨余练,王佩环.“韩边外”初探[J].社会科学辑刊,1984(6):102.
[23]国家图书馆分馆编.清代边疆史料抄稿本汇编:第8册[M].北京:线装书局,2003.
[24]鸡林旧闻录.中国边疆史志集成·东北史志:第15册[M].北京:全国图书馆文献缩微复制中心,2004.
[25]徐世昌.东三省政略:上册[M].长春:吉林文史出版社,1989.
①查案大员为了袒护铭安,“将宪宗更名效忠,蒙混朝廷”。庄金铨.“淘金王”韩边外割据江东七十载.吉林百年:上册[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,1990:115。
①吉林理事同知的职掌是:“所有旗民交涉人命盗案,及以前知州应办民人刑名钱谷杂税等项。”清高宗实录:第4册[M].北京:中华书局,1985:925。